Objective To investigate the conditions of diabetes-related knowledge as well as the influencing factors in elderly people in Changchun so as to provide basis for regulation of health education policy.Method A total of 400 community elderly people in Changchun involved in the survey by questionnaire for investigating the knowledge on diabetes and the influencing factors. Results The elderly people in the community in Chuangchun knew much better about the typical symptoms,diet and treatment by 74.0%,80.8%and 75.8%,respectively,but they knew little about the causes of the disease and complications by 52.7%and 25.7%respectively.The factors influencing their acquisition of diabetes related knowledge included education level,income and disease condition.Conclusions The elderly people in the communities lack diabetic knowledge,which is unbeneficial for the prevention and control of diabetes.Therefore,it is a need to strengthen diabetes-related knowledge education in order to prevent and reduce the complications.

0.05).The values and ages were positive correlation before age 25(r=0.71～0.91,?0.05).Four main patterns of marrow distribution were identified in the proximal femur.Our data implied that there was progressive marrow fat distribution with age.The diaphyseal red marrow began to convert to yellow marrow after 5 years old and the conversion completed at age of 10.Foci of longer T 1 signals were found in the diaphysis in some of the subjects and the percentage increased with age.The femoral head and the greater trochanter showed yellow marrow signals after ossification.Conclusion Measurement of MRI signal intensity values could be used in evaluating the conversion of red to yellow marrow of the femur.Red and yellow marrow of femur may be distinguished by MRI.We should notice the different MRI feafure in different ages.

Objective To evaluate the CT and MRI features of masticator space lesions.Methods All patients(43 cases) were examined with CT (28 cases) or MRI(10 cases),and 4 cases underwent both CT and MR examination.Results 9 cases of masticator space infection were found,which had characteristic appearances and patterns of widely spread on CT and MRI,and CT was better in detecting mandibular osteomyelitis.Primary tumors of the space included 6 cases of rhabdomyosarcomas,5 cases of angioma,4 cases of osteosarcomas.Most of them had the particular CT or MRI features.In 19 cases of metastasis of the space,most came from surrounding structures,especially from squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck,and penetrating deeply into the muscles or ramus of masticator space.Conclusion The masticator space lesions(infection and most of tumors) are of characteristic features on CT and MRI.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as a genetic carrier are beneficial to keep a genetic stability of exogenous gene. BMSCs can transfer human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) gene into the myocardial infarcted area. It is possible to obtain a cooperation of gene and cell therapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the angiogenesis at myocardial infarcted area of rats undergoing the transplantation of BMSCs transfected with hVEGF gene and in vivo expression of VEGF gene. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized control experiment was performed at the Institute of Paediatrics of Hunan Children's Hospital and Central Laboratory of Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University from 2004 to 2007. MATERIALS: Male clean inbred strain Wistar rats were selected in the study. Rat models of myocardial infarction were established by ligation of coronary artery. METHODS: BMSCs were harvested from rats by density gradient centrifugation and adherent culture. Plasmid PeDNA3. 1-hVEGF 165 were transfected at 80%-90% cell confluence. Rat models of myocardial infarction, constructed by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, were randomly divided into 4 groups. 2 weeks after the ligation,BMSCs transfected with hVEGF gene were injected into rat models in the combination group at the myocardial infarction zone. BMSCs were injected into cell group. Liposome-pcDNA3.1-VEGF165 DNA compound was injected into gene group. Culture medium was injected into control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Capillary density and VEGF gene expression in the myocardial infarcted area of rats in each group four weeks after injection. RESULTS: Capillary density was the highest at rat myocardial infarcted area in the combination and gene groups, followed by the cell group (P=0.001, 0.029) and the control group (P=0.028).Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the hVEGF165 gene was expressed in the combination, gene, cell and control groups from higher level to lower level in order. CONCLUSION: BMSCs as the vector of VEGF gene are beneficial to its stable expression.Transplantation of BMSCs transfected with hVEGF gene is helpful for angiogenesis at myocardial infarcted area of rats. Its outcome is better than gene or cell therapy alone.

Three-dimensional virtual surgery experiment is the application of virtual reality technology in the medical field.Doctors use the information in the virtual environment to develop surgical planning,surgical drills.surgical teaching,surgical skills training,to lead the surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation,and the information is available for surgery every sur-gical member to share.Virtual Surgery experiments combined with the real operation together constitute complete experimental teaching system,making telemedicine experimental teaching methods and teaching content rich and varied.

Objective To evaluate the effects of laparoscopic filling with pedicled greater retina for hepatic cysts. Methods Clinical data were reviewed on 36 patients with hepatic cysts undergoing laparoscopic filling with pedicled greater retina from January 2010 to May 2014.The diameters of cysts ranged from 10 to 26 cm, with a diameter smaller than 20 cm in 29 patients and bigger than 20 cm in 7 patients.Laparoscopic fenestration of hepatic cysts was performed to destroy cyst cells with iodine and absolute alcohol. Pedicled greater retina was used for filling the cavity of cysts. Results The procedures were completed smoothly.The operative time was 45-115 min, with an average of (80.4 ±13.1) min.No abdominal cavity infection happened.Primary healing of abdominal incision was achieved in all the patients.The postoperative hospital stay was 5-10 d, with an average of (6.4 ±1.2) d.All the 36 patients were followed up for 6-12 months with a mean of (9.3 ±1.5) months.None of the patients showed recurrence under liver B-ultrasonography or CT scanning. Conclusion Laparoscopic filling with pedicled greater retina for hepatic cysts has advantages of minimal invasion, quick postoperative recovery, short hospital stay, and good results.

Objective To examine the effect of metformin on serum thyrotropin (TSH) level in diabetic patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH).Methods The long-term effects of metformin on thyroid axis hormones were assessed in 55 diabetic patients with primary SCH who were untreated with L-T4(study group),as well as in 31 diabetic patients with normal thyroid function (control group).According to using metformin or not,patients of study group were divided into the metformin group (group 1,n =28),and the non-metformin group(group 2,n =27).Serum TSH levels were compared between baseline and follow-up in patients receiving metformin treatment.Results After 30 weeks of metformin administration,a significant TSH decrease(t =2.91,P ＜ 0.05) was observed in group 1 [from(6.98 ± 1.92) to(2.44 ± 0.61) mIU/L].After stopping metformin therapy,the level of TSH at 52 weeks fol low-up was back to the baseline level [(6.99 ± 1.76) mIU/L,P ＞ 0.05].There was no significant difference in TSH level between baseline and after 30 weeks follow-up in group 2[(6.01 ± 1.63) mIU/L vs(6.21 ± 1.71) mIU/L,P ＞0.05].At the end of 30 weeks follow-up,no significant differences were found in body mass index and thyroid func tion in both metformin group and non-metformin group.In control group,metformin administration for 30 weeks had no effect on TSH level(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Metformin administration influences TSH without change of FT4 level in type 2 diabetic patients with primary SCH.

Objective: To determine the appropriate time of early administration of dopamine (DA) before nitroglycerin (GTN) for establishing rat model with vasomotor abnormalities. Methods: Rats were divided into 5 groups: normal group, DA Group and other 3 groups in accordance with DA at different time points (10, 30, 45 min) plus GTN .Common carotid artery (CCA) blood flow velocity was dynamically measured with pulsed Doppler flow probe to evaluate the influence of DA, GTN on blood flow velocity rate(BFVR). Results:The blood flow velocity rate induced by DA of All medication administration was different from the normal group within 10 minutes(P < 0.05). However, the differences were not statistically significant after 11 min(P > 0.05). The BFVR of 10min interval group had differences with the DA group at 45min, 50min, 55min, 60min, 65min and 70min(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). CCA BFVR of 45 min interval group was statistically significant different from the DA group at 80, 85, 90, 95 min and 100 min(P < 0.05). No statistically significant differences existed between CCA BFVR of 30min interval group and DA group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Subcutaneous injection of DA, 45m in after injection of GTN can induce vasomotor abnormalities in rat with phase characters. The model may be useful for vasoactive screening of anti-migraine drugs.

Objective:To establish the content standards of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis with ginger mix frying by determing the change of total content of magnolol and honokiol in Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis before and after ginger mix frying. Methods: The total content of magnolol and honokiol in Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis before and after ginger mix frying were determined by HPLC according to the determination method of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis in China Pharmacopeia (2000). Results: There was 13-14% decrease in total content of magnolol and honokiol of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis after ginger mix frying. Conclusions: It is suggested that the total content of magnolol and honokiol of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis after ginger mix frying shouldn't lower than 1.6%.

Objective To study the methods of delineating the whole length of bilateral facial nerve canals in one image. Methods High resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone was performed in 60 cases (120 ears) by Philips Mx8000 multislice spiral CT. Parameters: 120 kV, 200～250 mAs, Collimation: 0.5 mm, Pitch: 0.875, Scan time: 0.75 s/ring, Matrix: 512?512, Reformation interval: 0 1～0.2 mm, Reformation matrix: 1 024?1 024. Curved planar reformation(CPR)images were prepared along the facial nerve canal in the axial plane, and in the coronal and sagittal plane of multiplanar reconstruction(MPR). In the axial plane, a reference line was traced following the facial nerve canal from the internal auditory meatus, through the labyrinthine segment, the tympanic segment up to the second genu and mastoid segment. Another two protocols of curved reformatting were adopted: (a) a curved line was delineated along the facial nerve canal on the coronal reformatted image; (b) a curved line was drawn along the facial nerve canal on the sagittal reformatted image. The reference lines were carefully revised and moved exactly to the center of each segment of the facial nerve canal. For displaying bilateral facial nerve canals in one image, one reference line should be drawn along bilateral facial nerve canals. Results In 56 cases of 60 CPR, images in the axial plane, and coronal plane of MPR could show the unilateral or bilateral facial nerve canals clearly. The result of CPR of bilateral facial nerve canals in sagittal plane of MPR was unsatisfactory. The image on one side was often clear, but just part of it could be showed on the other. So the left and right facial nerve canals should be reformed separately. In 4 cases, CPR was unsatisfactory. In 1 of them the labyrinthine and tympanic segment had breaks because the patient′s head shook during the scanning. In 3 of them the facial nerve canals were showed unsatisfactorily because of the inexact position of head during the scanning. Conclusion The unilateral or bilateral facial nerve canals could be showed in one image by CPR. Combining the images of the high resolution CT in axial scan and MPR of the temporal bone, it would be helpful in the diagnosis of the lesions of facial nerve canal.