A novel method based on independent component analyzing (ICA) in frequency domain to distinguish the frequency characteristics of multi-sensor system is presented. The conditions of this type of ICA are considered and each step of resolving the problem is discussed. For a two gas sensor array, the frequency characteristics including amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency are recognized by this method, and cross-sensitivity between them is also eliminated. From the principle of similarity, the recognition mean square error is no more than 0.085.

A novel method based on independent component analyzing (ICA) in frequency domain to distinguish the frequency characteristics of multi-sensor system is presented. The conditions of this type of ICA are considered and each step of resolving the problem is discussed. For a two gas sensor array, the frequency characteristics including amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency are recognized by this method, and cross-sensitivity between them is also eliminated. From the principle of similarity, the recognition mean square error is no more than 0.085.

A novel method based on independent component analyzing (ICA) in frequency domain to distinguish the frequency characteristics of multi-sensor system is presented. The conditions of this type of ICA are considered and each step of resolving the problem is discussed. For a two gas sensor array, the frequency characteristics including amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency are recognized by this method, and cross-sensitivity between them is also eliminated. From the principle of similarity, the recognition mean square error is no more than 0.085.

Objectives:To compare the clinical efficacy between robot-assisted cortical bone trajectory screw(RCBTS)and robot-assisted pedicle screw(RPS)for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis(LSS)undergoing sin-gle-level decompression and fusion.Methods:In this retrospective cohort study,LSS patients who underwent robot-assisted single-level decompression and fusion in Beijing Shijitan Hospital between June 2020 and June 2022 were reviewed.A total of 99 patients were included and divided into RCBTS group of 41 patients and RPS group of 58 patients.There were 59 males and 40 females,with an average age of 67.07±4.65 years old.The incision length,operative time,intraoperative blood loss,24h postoperative drainage,and postopera-tive hospital stay were compared between groups.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score and visual analogue scale(VAS)of low back pain were compared at 3d,3 months and 6 months after operation,and the fixed effects of JOA score and VAS score changes were tested.The screw positions were graded according to the Gertzbein-Robbins method.The accuracy of screw placement of the two surgical methods was evaluated by reviewing the postoperative imaging data.The perioperative and postoperative 3 months of complications were compared between the two groups.Results:There were no significant differences in baseline data be-tween the two groups(P＜0.05).Comparing with the RPS group,the RCBTS group was shorter in operative time(134.39±22.23min vs 152.93±19.10min,P＜0.001),smaller in incision length(64.93±3.71mm vs 78.84±3.82mm,P＜0.001),less in intraoperative blood loss(155.61±37.15mL vs 172.41±43.22mL,P=0.001)and postoperative drainage within 24h(83.66±21.54mL vs 101.21±29.80mL,P=0.002),and shorter in postoperative hospital stay(4.90±1.26d vs 6.26±1.66d,P＜0.001),with statistical significance.There was no significant difference in JOA score and VAS score changes between the two groups at each time point(P＞0.05).The fixed effect test showed that time was a fixed effect of JOA and VAS score changes(P＜0.001).The RCBTS group was no sig-nificantly different from the RPS group in the accuracy of screw placement(grade A:152/164 vs 211/232,P=0.538;grade B:9/164 vs 15/232,P=0.688;grade C:3/164 vs 6/232,P=0.619),the rate of clinically accept-able screw placement(161/164 vs 226/232,P=0.619),the rate of bad screw placement(3/164 vs 6/232,P=0.619),and the incidence of postoperative complications(only 1 patient in the RCBTS group developed delayed wound healing)(P＞0.05).Conclusions:Compared with RPS,RCBTS has significant advantages in operative time,incision length,intraoperative blood loss,volume of postoperative drainage,and postoperative hospital stay.However,there is no significant difference between the two groups in terms of postoperative functional recovery and alleviation in low back pain.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic value of lymphatic vascular invasion (LVI) for stage I( gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy.

METHODSClinicopathological and intact follow-up data of 469 stage I( gastric cancer patients who underwent radical gastrectomy with R0 resection and were pathologically proven as gastric adenocarcinoma without other malignancy at the Department of Digestive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University between February 2009 and December 2012 were retrospectively collected. Chi square test was used to examine the relationship between LVI and clinicopathological data; Log-rank test was used for survival analysis; Cox proportional hazards model was used for univariate and multivariate analysis to explore the prognostic influence of LVI on stage I( gastric cancer patients.

RESULTSA total of 469 patients were enrolled, including 360 male (76.8%) and 109 female patients (23.2%). Median age was 58(25-82) years. There were 114 T1a cases (24.3%), 195 T1b cases (41.6%), and 160 T2 cases (34.1%). There were 439 (93.6%) cases without lymph node metastasis and 30 cases with lymph node metastasis. Presence of LVI was found in 52 patients (11.1%). LVI was closely associated with tumor grade, depth of invasion and status of lymph node metastasis (all P<0.05), rather than gender, age, tumor location and tumor diameter (all P>0.05). LVI detection rate was higher in poorly differentiated and undifferentiated group (14.3%, 32/223) than that in moderately and well differentiated group (8.1%, 20/246) (χ=4.590, P=0.032). LVI detection rate was higher in T2 (14.4%, 23/160) and T1b (13.3%, 26/195) group than that in T1a group (2.6%,3/114)(χ=11.020, P=0.004). LVI detection rate was higher in patients with lymph node metastasis (30.0%, 9/30) compared to those without lymph node metastasis (9.8%, 43/439) (χ=11.629, P=0.001). Median follow-up time was 63(3-74) months. There were totally 46 deaths (9.8%). The 5-year overall survival rate was 90.2%. The 5-year overall survival rate was 82.7% in patients with LVI and 91.1% without LVI, which was significantly different (P=0.039). Univariate analysis showed that age (P=0.012), AJCC T stage (8th edition) (P=0.011), and LVI (P=0.043) were closely associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer patients, while gender, tumor location, tumor diameter, tumor grade, lymph node metastasis or postoperative chemotherapy were not associated to the prognosis (all P>0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that only age(HR=2.038, 95%CI:1.126 to 3.686, P=0.019) and advanced T stage (T1b: HR=1.427, 95%CI:0.554 to 3.678; T2: HR=2.926, 95%CI:1.199 to 7.140; P=0.017) were independent prognostic factors of stage I( gastric cancer patients (both P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSLVI is not an independent prognostic factor of stage I( gastric cancer patients. In clinical practice, we should consider adjuvant chemotherapy prudently for stage I( gastric cancer patients with LVI.

Objective To investigate the application prospect of the most extensive genome engineering pig internationally in preclinical xenotransplantation. Methods Porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) knockout combined with 3 major heterologous antigen gene knockouts and 9 humanized genes for inhibition of complement activation, regulation of coagulation disorders, anti-inflammatory and anti-phagocytosis were transferred into a pig (PERV-KO/3-KO/9-TG) as a donor, and the heart, liver and kidney were obtained and transplanted to 3 Rhesus macaque recipients respectively to establish a preclinical research model of pig-to-Rhesus macaque xenotransplantation. The functional status of xenografts after blood flow reconstruction was observed and the survival of recipients was summarized. The hemodynamics of xenografts were monitored. The change of hematological indexes of each recipient was compared. The histopathological manifestation of xenografts was observed. Results After the blood flow was reconstructed, all xenografts showed ruddy color, soft texture and good perfusion. The transplant heart, liver and kidney showed full arterial and venous blood flow and good perfusion at 1 d after operation. The postoperative survival time of heart, liver, and kidney transplant recipients was 7, 26, and 1 d, respectively. The levels of creatine kinase, creatine kinase isoenzyme, and lactate dehydrogenase increased in heart transplant recipient at 1 d after operation, and gradually recovered to near normal levels at 6 d after operation. All indexes increased sharply at 7 d after operation. The level of aspartate aminotransferase increased in liver transplant recipients at 2 d after operation, and the alanine aminotransferase basically returned to normal at 10 d after operation, but the total bilirubin continued to increase. Both aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase increased at 12 d after operation, and reached a peak at 15 d after operation. The kidney transplant recipient developed mild proteinuria at 1 d after operation, and died of sudden severe arrhythmia. Histopathology showed that the tissue structure of cardiac and renal xenografts was close to normal, and liver xenografts presented with patchy necrosis, the liver tissue structure was disordered, accompanied by inflammatory damage, interstitial hemorrhage and thrombotic microangiopathy. Conclusions PERV-KO/3-KO/9-TG pig shows advantages in overcoming hyperacute rejection, mitigating humoral rejection and coagulation dysregulation. However, whether it can be used as potential donor for clinical xenotransplantation needs further evaluation.

BACKGROUNDWith the increasing popularity of cosmetic facial filler injections in recent years, more and more associated complications have been reported. However, the causative surgical procedures and preventative measures have not been studied well up to now. The aim of this stady was to investigate the clinical characteristics and visual prognosis of fundus artery occlusion resulting from cosmetic facial filler injections.

METHODSThirteen consecutive patients with fundus artery occlusion caused by facial filler injections were included. Main outcome measures were filler materials, injection sites, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus fluorescein angiography, and associated ocular and systemic manifestations.

RESULTSEleven patients had ophthalmic artery occlusion (OAO) and one patient each had central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) and anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Injected materials included autologous fat (seven cases), hyaluronic acid (five cases), and bone collagen (one case). Injection sites were the frontal area (five cases), periocular area (two cases), temple area (two cases), and nose area and nasal area (4 cases). Injected autologous fat was associated with worse final BCVA than hyaluronic acid. The BCVA of seven patients with autologous fat injection in frontal area and temple area was no light perception. Most of the patients with OAO had ocular pain, headache, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and no improvement in final BCVA.

CONCLUSIONSCosmetic facial injections can cause fundus artery occlusion. Autologous fat injection tends to be associated with painful blindness, ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and poor visual outcomes. The prognosis is much worse with autologous fat injection than hyaluronic acid injection.

Adult ; Cosmetic Techniques ; adverse effects ; Female ; Fundus Oculi ; Humans ; Injections, Intradermal ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Artery Occlusion ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Visual Acuity ; physiology ; Young Adult

【Objective】 To establish a microbial limit test method for diatomite and pearlite, and verify its applicability. 【Methods】 According to the requirements of general rule 1105, Microbial Limit Test for Non Sterile Products of Pharmacopoeia of the People′s Republic of China (2020 Edition), the applicability test of microbial counting methods for three batches of perlite and diatomite was conducted before the microbial limit test of samples. The microbial growth of filter aid was analyzed and the recovery rate of each test bacterium was calculated. 【Results】 The ratio of the colony number of the test group minus the colony number of the test sample control group to the bacterial liquid control group was in the range of 0.5~2.0. 【Conclusion】 The method is accurate, reliable and can be used for microbial limit test of diatomite and perlite.