miRNA have been discovered as naturally occurring non-coding RNA, controlling gene expression via specific sites at the 3'-UTR of target-mRNA, causing translational repression or degradation.The aim of this paper is to introduce the relationship of microRNA and carcinogenesis in liver cancer and the progress of tissue or serum microRNA as the potential clinical biomarkers of HCC. Though much difficulty remains in the microRNA as biomarker studies, more evidences indeed prove the associations between the tissue or serum microRNA profiles and the carcinogenesis. Specially, the serum microRNA detection is lowinvasive and easy to handle, indicating microRNA might to be useful biomarkers for HCC diagnosis or prognosis.

The surveillance of schistosomiasis in three sites of Mianzhu City after earthquake showed that there were no infected Oncomelania snails and cases,but the emerging area with snails were 7 895 m~2.Therefore,the control measures should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effect of emulsified isoflurane preconditioning on postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) activation in brain during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)injury in rats.Methods Thirty-two pathogen-free male SD rats weighing 280-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =8each): sham operation group(group S),group I/R,emulsified isoflurane group(group EI) and lipid emulsion group(group LE).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h followed by reperfusion.8％ emulsified isoflurane 10.5 ml/mg or 30％ lipid emulsion 10.5 ml/mg was injected intraperitoneally at 24h before I/R in groups EI and LE respectively.The neurologic deficit score (NDS) was evaluated at 6 h of reperfusion and then 4 rats were sacrificed,and brains were removed for determination of phosphorylatied PSD95 (pPSD95) expression in ischemia cortex and hippocampus by Western blot.Four rats were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion and then their brains were removed for determination of infarct volume percentage.Results NDS,infarct volume percentage and pPSD95 expression in ischemia cortex and hippocampus were higher in groups I/R,EI and LE than in group S( P ＜ 0.01 ).NDS,infarct volume percentage and pPSD95 expression in ischemia cortex and hippocampus were lower in group EI than in group I/R( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in NDS,infarct volume percentage and pPSD95 expression between groups I/R and LE(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Emulsified isoflurane preconditioning can attenuate focal cerebral I/R injury in rats by inhibiting PSD95 activation in brain.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of emulsified isoflurane preconditioning on the expression of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and PAF receptor during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.MethodsThirty-two healthy adult male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =8each):group sham operation (group S); group I/R; group emulsified isoflurane preconditioning( group EI) and group lipid emulsion (group LE).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by 2 h occlusion of middle cerebral artery followed by reperfusion in groups I/R,EI and LE.8％ emulsified isoflurane 10.5 ml/kg and 30％ lipid emulsion 10.5 ml/kg were injected intraperitoneally at 24 h before cerebral ischemia in groups EI and LE respectively.The neurologic deficit score (NDS) (0 =no deficit,4 =unable to control) was evaluated at 12 h of reperfusion.Venous blood samples were collected for measurement of plasma PAF concentration.The animals were then sacrificed and their brains removed for determination of infarct size (by TTC staining) and PAF receptor expression in hippocampus and cerebral cortex (by Western blot).ResultsFocal cerebral I/R significantly increased NDS,the infarct size,plasma PAF concentration and PAF receptor expression in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in group I/R as compared with group S.Emulsified isoflurane preconditioning significantly attenuated the focal cerebral I/R induced above changes in group EI as compared with group I/R,but there was no significant difference between groups I/R and LE.ConclusionEmulsified isoflurane preconditioning can attenuate focal cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting PAF and PAF receptor expression.

This article analyzes the status quo of sales supervision on medical devices through some aspects, including the relevant regulation system, the standards of sales admittance, the supervision team and the approval of business license. According to the exiting problems, some improving countermeasures are proposed for reference.
Materials Management, Hospital ; organization & administration

This paper focuses on issues needed to be clear towards the product quality supervision of medical devices in use. The life circle of medical devices, the supervision regarding its boundary, target, emphasis, basis and standards have been analyzed in turn. A clear and creative idea is also provided for theoretical exploration of the supervision on medical devices in use.
Materials Management, Hospital ; Quality Assurance, Health Care

Objective To observe the changes of blood sugar following use of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in patients with severe burn. Methods A total of 140 patients with severe burn but with no history of diabetes were randomly and equally divided into Group A ( 18-44 years old) and Group B ( ≥45 years old) according to WHO criteria. Then, two groups were randomly divided Group B0 (treated with normal saline), 35 patients per group. Change of blood sugar and amount of insuline for control of blood sugar were observed and analyzed. Results Of 140 patients in four groups,128 patients accomplished the test, with no statistical difference upon general conditions between groups (P ＞0.05 ). Within four weeks after test, the amount of insuline used for control of blood sugar was (2908.0 ± 153.5) IU and (724.1 ± 31.1 ) IU respectively in Groups A1 and A0, (3725.9 ± 88.4) IU and (801.8 ±22.2) IU respectively in Groups B1 and BO. The results showed that the patients needing insulin to control blood sugar in Group B were more than that in Group A ( P ＜ 0.01 ). The time for blood sugar recovering to normal range in patients with high blood sugar with no use of rhGH in Group A1 and Group B1 was (5.21 ±0.64) d and (5.03 ± 1.01) d respectively (P＞0.05). Conclusions The blood sugar of patients with severe burn will rise after use of rhGH. The age of the patients is positively correlated with changes of blood sugar. Standard use of rhGH does not induce diabetes.

Objective To study the effect of postoperative ileus of laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for colorectal canc-er .Methods 220 patients of colorectal cancer were selected from October 2009 to June 2012 .The patients were randomly divided into the observation group(n=110 cases) and the control group(n=110 cases) .The patients of the observation group were treated with laparoscopic surgery ,and the patients of the control group were treated with conventional open surgery .The postoperative anal exhaust time and hospital stay time ,the incidence of postoperative ileus of the two groups were observed and compared .Results The postoperative anal exhaust time and hospital stay time of the patients after radical resection of left colon ,right colon and rectal cancer of the observation group were significantly less than that of the control group (P<0 .05) .The incidence of postoperative ileus of the observation group was 5 .45% (6/110 ) ,significantly lower than 11 .82% (13/110 ) of the control group ( P< 0 .05 ) . Conclusion Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a minimally invasive surgery ,the patient′s trauma is smaller ,the postoperative re-covery is rapidly .The incidence of intestinal obstruction is smaller than that of the conventional open surgery .

Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase are among the most common genetic alterations in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).Mutant IDH proteins in ICC and other malignancies acquire an abnormal enzymatic activity, allowing the conversion of alpha-ketoglutarate (alphaKG) to 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), which inhibits the activity of multiple alphaKG-dependent dioxygenases, and results in alterations in cell differentiation and tumorigenesis.This review will focus on recent advances, which may help understand the function of IDH mutation in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective:To identify the signature of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) subtypes that may affect cytokine expres-sion between different outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients by analyzing the CD molecular expression profiles of non-cancerous hepatic tissues. Methods:Surface markers of TIL in noncancerous hepatic tissues from 146 HCC patients were determined by using immunohistochemical method and flow cytometry. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier method were used to analyze the association of their expression levels with tumor recurrence and survival. Results:More than 86.4%of TILs in patients were quiescent, as measured via CD4+or Foxp3 expression. Meanwhile, more than 90%of CD3+T cells ex-pressed CD8+. The proportion of T cells was low compared with CD8+T cells. The proportion of CD19 and CD20 in distant nontumor tissues almost was zero. The proportion of T cell subgroups isolated from HCC circulating whole blood did not show a significant shift compared with the normal control, as follows:CD4+T/CD8+T=1.167 ± 1.04, CD8+T/CD3+T=0.288 ± 0.116, and CD4+T/CD3+T=0.429 ± 0.178. The proportion of CD8+T cells in noncancerous hepatic tissues was higher than that in blood (P<0.001).Conclusion:TILs in HCC noncancerous hepatic tissues are increased and contain a subpopulation of CD3+CD8+T cells. CD8+T cells in cancerous tissues, rather than noncancerous tissues, show significant differences between different prognostic groups.