Objective: To study the alteration of hydrogen sulfide (H_2S)/ cystathionine-?-synthase (CBS) system during recurrent febrile seizures (FS) in the hippocampus of developing rats. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into control group (n=8) and hyperthermia-treated group (n=22). Which was subdivided into FS group (n=8) and H group(no seizure occurred, n=9) according to whether seizures occurred. The plasma level of H_2S was detected by the spectrophotometer. The expression levels of CBS gene and protein were examined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively. Results: The plasma levels of H_2S were increased significantly in FS group compared with those of control group or H group. The expression levels of CBS gene and protein were enhanced in FS group compared with those of control group or H group. Conclusion: The expression levels of H_2S/ CBS system were up-regulated during recurrent FS.

To observe and evaluate the effects of manipulation on knee osteoarthritis (KOA) using T2-mapping and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based volume measurements.

Objective To discuss the effect of operations for comminuted patella fractures with cable cerclage and revised tension band. Method Retrospective study of clinical effects of 120 patella fractures cases which used cable(cable group,55 cases) or NT-PC (NT-PC group,65 cases) to internal fix.Results At 10 to 38 ( 19.50 ± 1.15 ) months follow-up, all cured well in 12 weeks. Compared with the operative time, the amount of blood loss, length of hospitalization, time for cure, the incidence of complications,there were no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ). The B (o)stman score of cable group [(27.0 ±0.2) scores] was better than that of NT-PC group [(25.1 ±0.6) scores](P＜0.05). Conclusion Using cable cerclage and revised tension band to internal fix for comminuted patella fractures,the operations are facile and the results are satisfactory.

In April 10, 2010, an earthquake measuring magnitude 7.1 shocked Yushu County,Qinghai province. For medical rescue, the National Earthquake Disaster Emergency Rescue Team was sent to Yushu right away. Rescue work in Yushu was faced with such difficulties as short preparative time, heavy workload, high exposure to various acute high altitude diseases (AHAD), and a number of other diseases frequently found on the cold plateau. To ensure the rescue work a success, the team took a series of measures including efficient preparative procedure, scientific and logical procedure in the emergency medical aid operations, reliable and effective handling of AHADs, along with sufficient self protection for team members.

Objective To explore the changing regularity of nitric oxide synthase(nNOS) in recurrent febrile seizures (FS), and the influence of NOS/NO on brain damage induced by recurrent FS.Methods FS rats were induced in a bath of warm water.The ex-periments were divided into 2 groups. The contents of nNOS cDNA in the first group was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and the contents of nNOS protein was measured by Western blot.The mtensity , latency, duration and rectal temperature of the seizure in rats in the second group were recorded. Morphologic changes of hippocampal neurons were observed with HE stain.Results Alter recur-rent FS, the expression of nNOS mRNA in hippocampus was significantly inereased compared with those in control group and hyper-thermia group, associated with an increase of nNOS protein.With the increase of seizure number,thert were changes of seizure latency and gradually prolonged trend of the seizure duration. By using the inhibitor of NOS, the seizure latency was gradually prolonged and the prolonged trend of the seizure duration was significantly decreased than that in FS group.There was no significantly difference of seizure intensity and rectal temperature between 2 groups.After recurrent FS, histological changes of hippocampal neurons could be seen under light microscope.The inhibitor alleviated nearonal injury.Conclusions Recurrent FS can induce nNOS gent expression.The NOS/NO system may be involved in the development of brain damage induced recurrent FS.

Objective To explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on ?-aminobutyric acid B receptor (GABA_BR) subunits during recurrent febrile seizures (FS).Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (37.0 ℃ water,n=8), FS group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8), FS + SNP group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8), FS+L-NMMA group (45.2 ℃ water,n=8). FS rats were induced 10 times in a warm-water bath, once every 2 days. The plasma level of NO was detected by the spectrophotometer. The expressions of GABA_BR subunit mRNA and c-fos gene were examined by in situ hybridization. The expressions of GABA_BR subunit and Fos protein were observed by immunohistochemistry. Results The plasma level of NO increased in FS + SNP group while decreased in FS+L-NMMA group compared with that in FS group. The expressions of GABA_BR_2 were down-regulated in FS+SNP group, while GABA_BR_1 hardly changed compared with those in FS group. In FS+L-NMMA group, both the expression of GABA_BR_2 and GABA_BR_1 up regulated compared with those in FS group. The expressions of c-fos gene and Fos protein were significantly enhanced after recurrent FS. SNP elevated the expressions of c-fos gene and Fos protein, while L-NMMA down regulated the expressions of them.Conclusion NO may play a regulatory role through modulating GABA_BR function in the pathogenesis of recurrent FS.

Objective To explore the influence of ?-aminobutyric acid B receptor(GABA_BR)on carbon monoxide (CO)/heme oxygenase(HO-1)system during recurrent febrile seizures (FS).Methods Sprague-Dawley rats aged 21 days were randomly divi- ded into 4 groups:control group and FS group,FS+baclofen group,FS+phaclofen group.FS in rats were induced 10 times in a bath of warm water, once every 2 days.The plasma level of CO was detected by the dual wave lengh spectrophotometer;the expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 mRNA were examined by insitu hybridization;the expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 protein were observed by immunohistochemistry.Results The plasma level of CO increased in FS+baclofen group,while decreased in FS+phaclofen group compared with FS group.The expressions of GABA_BR and HO-1 upregulated in FS+baclofen group,while decreased in FS+phaclofen group compared with FS group.There were significant difference (All P

Study of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been becoming more and more popular.This pathway widely exists in kinds of cells of human being.As one main anti-apoptic and enhancing survival pathway in cells, it plays an important role in cellular growth (increased cell size), proliferation (increased cell number), apoptosis, cell survival and migration.At the same time,the pathway regulates many major cellular processes and is implicated in an increasing number of pathological conditions, including cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and neurodegeneration disease, epilepsy.In recent years,many studies have shown that the dysfunction of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway can lead to neurodevelopmental disease.Loss of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC)1/2 or phosphatase ad tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), or environmental stimuli such as inflammation, epilepsy, or hypoxia may stimulate mTOR-dependent protein synthesis,resulting in a host of cellular, structural, and physiological responses that culminate in clinical symptoms.Study the role of mTOR signaling pathway in early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, discuss the intervention and therapy in early-onset epileptic encephalopathy have important clinical meanings.In this article, the components, physiological functions,information were elucidated relative to the PI3 K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, and the interaction of the signaling pathway and epilepsy was discussed.

Objective To discuss the relationship of congenital choledochus cyst(CCC)with occurrence of pancreatitis in adults and methods of surgical treatment.Methods The clinical data of 17 adult patients with congenital choledochus cyst who underwent surgical treatment from 1997-2005 were analyzed retrospectively.Results Clinical diagnosis was made mainly by B-ultrasound,MRCP,intraoperative cholangiography,ERCP and CT scans.Among 17 cases,10 cases were congenital choledochus cyst typeⅠ,4 cases type Ⅱ,1 case type Ⅲ,1 case type Ⅳ and 1 case type Ⅴ;and associated with cholelithiasis in 14 cases(bile pigment stone in 11cases,cholesterol calculus 3cases),chronic cholecytitis 5 cases,polypoid lesions of gallbladder 1 case,anomalous pancreaticobiliary junction(APBJ)10 cases,and pancreatitis 10 cases.Resection of extrahepatic cyst with Roux-y hepaticojejunostimy was performed in 15 cases,preserving pylorus pancreatoduodinectomy in 1 case,and cholecystectomy and T tube drainage in 1 case.Excellent and good results were achieved on follow-up in 14 out of the 17 CCC cases undergoing surgical treatment,while pancreatitis occurred in 2 cases and unexpected death in 1 case.Conclusions Pancreatitis is apt to occurr in CCC with APBJ and bile pigment stone in choledochus.The incidence of pancreatitis in CCC and APBJ(P-B)can be decreased by resection of extrahepatic cyst and Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostimy and cholecystectomy.

To evaluate the efficacy of manipulation therapy in repairing thin-layer and thick-layer articular cartilage defects in rabbits.