This article introduces the proteomic study of the cell lines,tissue,pancreatic juice and serum from well-diagnosed patients of pancreatic cancer,benign pancreatic disease,normal control,etc.The highly specific and sensitive biomarkers and their significant roles in the mechanism of development and progress of pancreatic cancer,early diagnosis,therapy monitoring,prognosis,follow-up,and so on,are presented and discussed.

Objective To study the effect of enteral nutrition(EN) and total parenteral nutrition(TPN)on patients with severe acute pancreatitis by a Meta analysis.Method s Randomized controlled trials of EN in patients with severe acute pancreatitis were searched in Cochrane library,Pubmed database,CNKI database,CBM database.Data were searched by two statisticians.RevMan 5.0 was applied for statistical analysis.Results Nine randomized controlled trials were enrolled into this analysis.Meta-analysis indicated that the use of enteral nutrition decreased the incidence of infectious complications(RR was 0.37,95% CI[0.18,0.77]),pancreas infectious complications (RR was 0.44,95% CI [0.24,0.81],P ＜ 0.01),MODS (RR was 0.33,95% CI[0.19,0.56]),mortaily (RR was 0.45,95% CI [0.26,0.80]),surgical interventions (RR was 0.51,95% CI [0.36,0.71]).When starting within 48 h of admission,EN,in comparison with TPN,resulted in a statistically significant reduction in the risk of MODS,mortaily and infectious complications.Conclusion For patients with severe acute pancreatitis,early EN therapy is better than TPN.

Immune system is the autologous defence system to resist disease.αβ TCR+ CD3+ CD4-CD8-NK1.1-double negative T cell is a special T lymphocyte which has been described in both humans and rodent models.In recent years,the prognosis has been made in the mechanisms by which DN Treg target antigen-specific T cells and tumor cells.DN Treg cells play an important role in immune regulation,immunosuppression,autoimmune and resistance to the host reaction,HIV infection and antitumor.The study mainly introduces the advance of DN Treg cells in immune treatment.

Neural invasion is an important invasion pathway of pancreatic cancer.New research shows that neural invasion of pancreatic cancer related genes in the sequential role effect,through the cell signal transduction,regulation of specific growth factors,adhesion molecules,matrix metallopmteinase and other related systems,then changed in the generation,resulting in the cancer cells invasion of the nerve tissue eventually.We reviewed the progress of neural invasion of pancreatic cancer in this paper.

Therapeutic effect of pancreatic cancer depends on early detection and effective treatment.The early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is so difficult that the discovery of pancreatic cancer is often in mid and late stages,so the treatment of meaning is not so satisfying.In recent years the rapid study of proteomics has brought great hope in the early discovery of pancreatic cancer to make it the post-genome era of functional genomics research in hot areas.Separating and identifying the serum、juice and tissue of patients with pancreatic cancer to find out the different proteins between normal and sick individuals can provide theoretical base and new ideas for the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Regulatory T cells play an important role in regulating immune responses.Recently,a novel immune Treg cell with phenotype TCRαβ + CD3 + CD4-CD8-NK1.1-was known as the Double-negative T cells (DNT).DNT cells are able to suppress CD4 + and CD8 + T cells,B cells as well as NK cells and dendritic cells(DCs) and play an important role in regulating immune responses in models of autoimmunity,infection,inflammatory disease,transplantation and tumor immunity.Now DNT cells have already become a hot point in the research of the immunotherapy.This article mainly introduces the possible sources of DNT cells and the mechanisms of their functions.

Pancreatic cancer is a kind of high degree of malignant gastrointestinal tumor,and its incidence has increased significantly in recent years.Due to the low early diagnosis rate,and the extreme low middile or late resection rate of pancreatic cancer,Pancreatic cancer's prognosis is poor.Therefore,improving the early diagnostic rate of pancreatic cancer has very important significance for improving the prognosis.Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is dependent on tumor markers detection to a great extent.And proteomics progress rapidly in recent years and has been widely applied in clinical research.It provides an effective way to find markers.Among all of the spec imens,secrum is easy to obtain,and it allows repetitive detection.What is more,secmm is also renewable.So it is the most ideal for biological specimens.In this review,the proteomics technology role in pancreatic cancer patients serum detection were summarized.

Pancreatic cancer is a highly malignant tumor of digestive tract which early diagnose is very difficult and has low rate of surgical resection of advanced pancreatic cancer. However, the rate of postoperative recurrence and metastas is high. Its prognosis is poor. To improve the prognosis of pancreatic cancer , it is necessary to improve its early diagnosis and effective prediction of postoperative recurrence and metastasis. In recent years, with the development of proteomics, the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer and its early diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis was possible. Wsing proteomics technology for protein differences screening, isolation and identification is conductive to early detection of pancreatic proteome changes and establishment of the markers for early diagnosis, and recurrence and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.

Severe acute pancreatitis is a relatively common surgical disease. Patients have a hypermeta-bolic state and nutritional support for patients with SAP is needed. Early enteral nutrition support is a viable option and can improve the nutritional status of patients, protect the gut barrier function, reduce bacteria translocation to regulate the inflammatory response and reduce hospitalization costs. Combined with our do-mestic and foreign literatures in recent years, this review the feasibility and practical implementation of enter-al nutrition in severe acute pancreatitis treatment summarizs.

DNT cells(CD4-CD8-double-negative T cells)ale newly discovered immune cells,whose surface ex press neither CD4 nor CD8 molecules.In recent years,the prognosis and survival quality of tumour patient have been greatly improved through cell immunotherapy.Immunocyte can kill the tumour directly Or through immunoregu lation.The study of DNT cells(double-nnegative T cell)on cancer cells will be of vital significance.