Objective To analyze the nutritional composition of lipids in silkworm chrysalis (Bombyx mori L.). Method Crude lipids were extracted by chloroform/methanol, and fatty acid, tocopherol, sterol and phospholipid composition in silkworm chrysalis were determined by GC, HPLC and TLC methods. Results Silkworm chrysalis was rich in lipid (32.79%) in which the most abundant fatty acids were C18:3 (32.79%), C18:1 (32.53%), C16:0 (22.42%), but C18:2 (4.37%), C18:0 (5.73%) and C16:1 (0.57%) were relatively less. The sterols included cholesterol (67.35%), ?-sitosterol (19.21%), and trace amount of campesterol (0.28%) and brassicasterol (0.30%). Total tocopherols detected were at an average concentration of 486 mg/kg, including ?-tocopherol (44.85%), ?(+ ? )-tocopherol (44.57%), and ?-tocopherol (10.85%). The phospholipid content was about 1.17mg/g, among which, phosphorylcholine about 41.8%. Conclusion Silkworm chrystalis (Bombyx mori L.) could be a good source of nutritional edible oil rich in unsaturated fatty acid, phospholipids, phytosterols and tocopherols, particularly ?-linolenic acid, ?-sistosterol and ?-tocopherol.

Polysaccharide was extracted by boiling water reflux method from the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum. Additionally, the purified polysaccharide was obtained by removing protein with Sevage way, ethanol precipitation, centrifugation, run water dialysis, membrane separation, concentration and frozen-drying. The structural characteristics, chain conformation and triple-helix conformation of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) were distinguished by Smith degradation, methylation analysis, and the wavelength change of the red shift of the mixture of polysaccharide and Congo red in alkaline solution, as well as IR, GC-MS, NMR, and visible spectrometry. The results indicated that GLP was a linear (1→3) β-D-Glcp main chain linkage. Its monosaccharide component was predominantly composed of D-Glc, and small amount of galactose, mannose, xylose and idose, residues of branches terminated with substituted at 1→6 by a small number of single-unit β-D-Glcp side-chains, it′s also observed that the (1→3)-linked β-D- glucan contained a triple-helical conformation, which was composed of a repeating unit with a structure as below:→3)-β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-[β-D-Glcp-(1→3)-]_n-β-D-Glcp-(1→.↑6/1β-D-Glcp

As one of the most common malignant tumors, lung cancer poses a serious threat to human life and health. The platinum-based drug cisplatin (DDP) is used as the first-line treatment for lung cancer. The poor prognosis of lung cancer is mostly due to developed resistance to cisplatin, which poses a serious treatment challenge. The mechanism of cisplatin resistance is complex and unclear. Numerous studies have shown that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the emergence of lung cancer cisplatin resistance. DNA hypermethylation results in the deactivation of numerous drug resistance genes and tumor suppressor genes through a change in chromatin conformation. Finding new therapeutic targets and indicators to predict the therapeutic effect can be aided by elucidating the complex mechanism. In order to discover novel strategies to overcome cisplatin resistance in lung cancer, this paper discusses DNA methylation-mediated cisplatin resistance and offers an overview of current demethylation procedures.
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Humans ; Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cisplatin/therapeutic use* ; DNA Methylation ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics* ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology*