Objective To investigate the value of high-resolution 3.0T MR in the assessment of local infiltration of preoperative rectal cancer.Methods A total of 168 patients pathologically proved rectal cancer underwent both conventional pelvic and rectal high-resolution before operation, and the imaging findings were reviewed retrospectively.The accuracy of preoperative high-resolution 3.0T MR in prediction of pathological staging was assessed,and the characteristic imaging features of local infiltration in preoperative rectal cancer were discussed.Results The relationship between circumference invasion of colorectal cancer and the pathological T staging was moderately positive (rs=0.530,P=0.003).Compared the staging of colorectal cancer on MRI with pathologic T staging,the overall diagnostic accuracy was 84.52%,and there was a stronger correlation between MRI findings and pathological staging (rs=0.837,P=0.001).The best single parameters for diagnosing T3 stage rectal cancer on MRI were nodular convex of the tumor and muscular signal interruption,with 91.1% specificity and 89.7% sensitively respectively.And the best combination of parameters was the cord appearence of intestinal wall and muscular signal interruption,with 89.3% specificity and 78.0% sensitively respectively.Conclusion High-resolution 3.0T MR can be preferable to evaluating local infiltration of rectal cancer, showing a higher clinical value to asseee T staging of preoperative rectal cancer.

Humans ; Hydroxycholecalciferols ; blood ; Pneumoconiosis ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the new method of monitoring and clearing organophosphate in blood during single or mixed organophosphate(OP) poisoning.

METHOD(1) Mixed equal volumes of blood of OP poisoned rat and healthy rat, then determine whole blood cholinesterase (ChE) activity. The descending range of ChE activity represents the level of residual OP in blood. (2) Poisoned rats by single or mixed OP pesticides were injected with 5% NaHCO3 15 ml/kg intraperitoneally, then the level of OP in blood was detected.

RESULTS(1) The monitoring results of blood residual OP by gas chromatography were similar to that by "Mixes blood method", which showed significant difference(P < 0.05) from that before OP administration. (2) NaHCO3 injection could not improve the toxic symptoms and whole blood or brain ChE inhibition in 10 CP poisoned rats, blood residual OP level was also not affected, but lung pathological changes by OP such as interstitial inflammation and oedema showed some relief.

CONCLUSIONThe monitoring of blood ChE by "mixed blood method" may reflect the general level of the blood residual OP within the range of exposure dose. The effect of NaHCO3 was not satisfactory, but it may improve OP-induced lung pathological changes.

Animals ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; poisoning ; Cholinesterases ; blood ; Chromatography, Gas ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Lung ; pathology ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Organophosphorus Compounds ; blood ; Rats ; Sodium Bicarbonate ; pharmacology

Objective: In order to explore the role of heparan sulfate (HS) during the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) , the protective effect of HS and its fragments against extracellular histones was compared. Methods: Calf thymus histones (CTH) were injected via femoral vein to induce ARDS in rats. HS, HS fragments or saline was intraperitoneally injected (10mg/kg, Q6h, 24h) to test the protective effect against CTH. The ratio of wet/dry lung weight, protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) , total leukocyte and neutrophil count in BALF were measured. Results: After CTH injection, the ratio of wet/dry lung weight (5.7±0.95) was much higher than the saline control group (3.1±0.15). The protein content (0.47±0.086mg/ml) , total leukocyte[ (97.4±15.6l) ×10⁴/ml] and neutrophil (18±3.4/LPF) in BALF were obviously increased compared with the saline control group. The intervention of HS evidently decreased ratio of wet/dry lung weight (4.2±0.41) , protein content[ (0.26±0.019) mg/ml], leukocyte[ (61.3±5.74) ×10⁴/ml] and neutrophil (12±1.8/LPF) in BALF. HS fragments also decreased ratio of wet/dry lung weight, protein content, leukocyte and neutrophil count in BALF though the strength was much less than HS. Conclusion HS and its fragments could provide protection against extracellular histones during the pathogenesis of ARDS. For the protective effect full length HS was much better than HS fragments.

Objective To evaluate the accuracy and validate the feasibility of auto-segmentation based on self-registration and Atlas in adaptive radiotherapy for cervical cancer using MIM-Maestro software.Methods The CT scan images and delineation results of 60 cervical cancer patients were obtained to establish the Atlas template database.The planning CT (pCT) and replanning CT (rCT) images were randomly selected from 15 patients for the contouring of clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OAR) by an experienced radiation oncologist.The rCT images of 15 patients were auto-contoured using Atlas-based auto-segmentation (Atlas group),and mapping contours from the pCT to the rCT images was performed by rigid and deformable image registration (rigid group and deformable group).The time for the three methods of auto-segmentation was also recorded.The similarity of the auto-contours and reference contours was assessed using dice similarity coefficient (DSC),overlap index (OI),the average hausdorff distance (AHD) and the deviation of centroid (DC),and the results were statistically compared among three groups by using one-way analysis of variance.Results The mean time was 89.2 s,22.4 s and 42.6 s in the Atlas,rigid and deformable groups respectively.The DSC,OI and AHD for the CTV and rectum in the rigid and deformable groups significantly differed from those in the Atlas group (all P＜0.001).In the rigid and deformable groups,the OI for the intestine significantly differed from that in the Atlas group.The mean DSC for CTV was 0.89 in the rigid and deformable groups,and 0.76 in the Atlas group.The optimal delineation of the bladder,pelvis and femoral heads was obtained in the deformable group.Conclusions AIl three methods of auto-segmentation can automatically and rapidly contour the CTV and OARs.The performance in the deformable group is better than that in the rigid and Atlas groups.

AIM:This study aims to investigate the impact of nobiletin(NOB)on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in high-fat diet-induced obese rats.METHODS:A total of 22 SD rats were randomly di-vided into the control(CON)group and high-fat diet(HFD)group.The HFD induced obesity,upon successful modeling,the rats were further divided into the HFD and NOB group,each group consisting of 6 rats.The NOB group received nobi-letin solution(100 mg·kg-1·d-1)via gavage for 21 consecutive days.Body weight was measured bi-daily,and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was employed to observe pathological changes in adipose tissue and liver.Serum lipid levels were as-sessed using an auto-biochemical analyzer.Analysis of the gut microbiota was performed using 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing,while high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to determine SCFAs levels in rat feces.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,HFD-fed demonstrated a substantial increase in body weight(P<0.01),accompanied by an augmentation in adipocyte diameter and the presence of hepatic cell vacuolization,indicative of cellular steatosis and inflammation.Moreover,there was a notable elevation in TG and TC levels(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the HFD rats exhibited an altered composition,characterized by an increase in Firmicutes and a con-current decrease in Bacteroidetes.At the genus level,Bacteroides,Lactobacillus and Blautia experienced a significant de-crease,while Colidextribacter showed an increase.Notably,there was a substantial reduction in the expression of propion-ic acid and butyric acid.In comparison to the HFD group,rats administered with NOB demonstrated a marked decrease in body weight(P<0.05),a reduction in adipocyte diameter,and an amelioration in hepatic cell vacuolization and cellular steatosis.Furthermore,TG and TC levels exhibited a significant decrease(P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes de-creased,and Bacteroidetes increased.At the genus level,Bacteroides,Lactobacillus and Blautia exhibited a significant in-crease,while Colidextribacter displayed a decrease.Additionally,there was an up-regulation of propionic acid and butyric acid levels in the NOB group.CONCLUSION:Nobiletin,through its multifaceted actions,demonstrates a potential anti-obesity effect by effectively reducing body weight in obese rats.This includes the regulation of gut microbiota structure,modulation of SCFAs content,and enhancement of lipid metabolism.

Objective: To observe the changes of extracellular histones and pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, and study the activating role of extracellular histones to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) . Methods: The correlation of the severity of acute lung injury with extracellular histones and pulmonary endothelial damage was studied through mice model, and acute lung injury was produced by aspiration of different concentrations of hydrochloric acid (0.01、0.1、0.3 and 0.5 mol/L, 2 ml/kg). Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) and lung pathological change were measured. The pro-inflammatory role of extracellular histones was tested by injecting calf thymus histones (CTH) or specific anti-H4 antibody through tail vein. The direct activating role of extracellular histones to pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells was studied through pulmonary endothelial model. Results: The extracellular histones in plasma were increased obviously 6h after aspiration of different concentrations of hydrochloric acid in mice. A positive correlation was seen between extracellular histones and concentrations of aspirated hydrochloric acid (r=0.9180, P<0.05). The sTM in plasma also showed a positive correlation with concentrations of aspirated hydrochloric acid (r=0.8701, P<0.05). Merely administering CTH could not only increase TNF-α and sTM in plasma but also cause obvious lung injury, while specific anti-H4 antibody could relieve the inflammation and lung damage caused by CTH. Extracellular histones could directly damage pulmonary endothelial cells to release sTM in pulmonary endothelial model in vitro, while anti-H4 antibody could protect the endothelial cells. Conclusion Extracellular histones are the key endogenic inflammatory mediators during the pathogenesis of ARDS caused by aspiration of hydrochloric acid, which could promote inflammation by directly activating pulmonary endothelial cells.