OBJECTIVE To validate the anticancer effect of Angong Niuhuang pill (AGNH) and pinpoint associated molecular mechanisms using human cancer cells.METHODS Human MGC-803 gastric carcinoma and human BEL-7402 hepatocarcinoma cells were incubated with AGNH 9,30,90,300 and 900 mg·L-1 for 24,48and 72 h,respectively.Cell viability was detected with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -5-( 3-carboxymethoxyphe-nyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and colony formation assay.Apoptosis was measured with flow cytometry and Hoechst 33258/PI staining.Change in mitochondrial membrane potential (△qψ) was detected by spectrofluorophotometer.RESULTS AGNH inhibited MGC-803 cell proliferation ( for 48 h,r =0.996,P =0.002; for72 h,r=0.756,P=0.024 ) and BEL-7402 cells (for 48 h,r =0.732,P=0.030; for72 h,r=0.702,P =0.037) in a concentration-dependent manner,as showed by MTS assay.AGNH inhibited colony formation on MGC-803 cells (r =0.914,P =0.011 ) and BEL-7402 cells (r =0.871,P =0.024) in a concentration-dependent manner for 24 h.Hoechst 33258/PI staining and flow cytometry assay showed that AGNH 900 mg·L-1 for 24 h induced apoptosis of MGC-803 and BEL-7402 cells,and the apoptosis rate was 27.2％ and 19.7％,respectively.Compared with normal control group,AGNH 900 mg·L-1 for 3 min decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential of MGC-803 and BEL-7402 cells to 15.9％ and 15.0％ of control group.CONCLUSION AGNH inhibits proliferation of human cancer cells.Apoptosis and depolarization of mitochondrial transmembrane potential are probablly its mechanism.

【Objective】To explore the therapeutic effect of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment for immunoglobulin A(IgA) nephropathy.【Methods】The selected 123 patients with IgA nephropathy were divided into two groups(in the proportion of 3∶1) by number randomization.Group A(n=86) was given Tripterygium Glycosides tablets and differential treatment according to syndrome patterns,and Group B(n=37) was given routine western medicine including anti-inflammation drugs,drugs for controlling blood pressure and glucocorticoid hormone.The two groups received a 3-month treatment course and received one more course according to individual cases.The total therapeutic effect,effect for TCM syndrome patterns,and toxic and side effects were observed.The changes of TCM syndrome scoring were compared before and after treatment.【Results】In group A,symptoms were completely relieved in 29,markedly relieved in 30,relieved in 15 and un-relieved in 12 patients,the total effective rate being 86.05%,while respectively in 4,5,10 and 18 of patients in group B,the total effective rate being 51.35%.The total effect was better in group A than that in group B(P0.05).The improvement on TCM syndrome scoring in group A was superior to that in group B(P

Objective To investigate the effect of radiofrequency on trigeminal neuralgia as the chief complaint of intracranial benign tumor. Methods 18 patients with intracranial benign tumor mainly presenting with trigeminal neuralgia were treated with radiofrequency thermocoagulation guided by CT scanning. The numeric rating scales (NRS) of pain and the complication were observed. Results The scores of NRS decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.01). The common complications included facial numbness and masticatory movement obstacle. One patient recurred 13 months and another patient recurred 24 months after operation. Both were treated with radiofrequency once again, and the pain ceased. Conclusion Radiofrequency is effective on secondary trigeminal neuralgia after intracranial benign tumor.

Objective To observe the clinical effects of pulsed radiofrequency combined with acupuncture and traction on nerve-roottype cervical spondylopathy. Methods 62 patients with nerve-root type cervical spondylopathy were divided into treatment group (n=31),whom were treated with pulsed radiofrequency combined with acupuncture and traction, and the control group (n=31) only with acupunctureand traction. Results The incidence of effect was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.01). ConclusionCombining with pulsed radiofrequency is more effective on nerve-root type cervical spondylopathy than acupuncture and traction only.

Objective To analyse the therapeutic effect and safety of radiofrequency thermocoagulation on refractory neuralgia after craniotomy.MethodsFourteen patients with refractory neuralgia after craniotomy were treated by radiofrequency thermocoagulation. The pain degree (Numeric Rating Scales, NRS) and the complication were observed.ResultsNRS decreased significantly after treatment(P<0.01). No serious complication was observed after radiofrequency thermocoagulation except numbness. No patients recurred after one year follow-up.ConclusionRadiofrequency thermocoagulation is effective on refractory neuralgia after craniotomy.

Objective To explore the effect of preoperative local blocking with compound lidocaine hydrochloride (CLH) on postoperative pain of patients undergoing craniotomy.Methods40 patients suffered from superatentorial occupying lesion and scheduled for craniotomy were randomly divided into the CLH group and control group with 20 cases in each group. In the CLH group, local blocking with CLH was performed just before craniotomy, while in control group local blocking with 0.5% procaine was performed preoperatively and all patients of two groups used patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with fentanyl postoperatively. Postoperative pain was assessed for 48 hours according to visual analogue scale (VAS), and the comparison of analgesia-related postoperative complications of the two groups was demonstrated.ResultsThere was no significant difference in VAS postoperatively and incidence rate of complications between two groups ( P>0.05).ConclusionCompound lidocaine hydrochloride local infiltration may provide a safe and effective analgesia for postoperative pain in patients after craniotomy.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of different detection methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:BALF from l00 patients in Changsha Central Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 was collected.Among 100 patients,65 cases were clinically diagnosed as tuberculosis,and 35 cases served as control.BALF smear method,polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and membrane reverse dot blot (RDB) were used for synchronous detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Results:The positive rates by BALF smear method,PCR and RDB were 43.08％,73.84％ and 92.31％,respectively (P＜0.05).Sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,and negative predictive value for BALF smear were 43.08％,88.57％,59.00％,and 45.59％,respectively;for PCR were 73.85％,100％,83.00％,and 67.31％,respectively;for RDB were 92.31％,100.00％,95.00％,and 87.50％,respectively.Conclusion:The technique of membrane RDB can not only accurately diagnose Mycobacterium tuberculosis,but also can rapidly and easily identify the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to streptomycin (SM),rifampicin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) genotypes.It possesses high clinical value.

Purpose To study the expression of TMPRSS2, ERG and ETV1 in prostatic cancer and their clinical pathologic signifi-cance. Methods Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry (MaxVision) were used to detect TMPRSS2, ERG and ETV1 expres-sion in 70 prostatic cancer tissues, 10 prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissues and 18 benign prostate tissues. Results There was no statistical significance on positive rate of the expression of TMPRSS2 among prostatic cancer tissues, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissues and benign prostate tissues (P>0. 05). The positive rate (81. 4%) of ERG in prostatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissues ( 30. 0%) and benign prostate tissues ( 0. 0 ) ( P <0. 05 ) . The positive rate (68. 6%) of ETV1 in prostatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia tissues (50. 0%) and benign prostate tissues (22. 2%) (P<0. 05). There was no correlation among the positive rates of TMPRSS2, ERG and ETV1 in prostatic cancer tissues and age (P>0. 05). The expression of TMPRSS2, ERG and ETV1 was positively correlated to Gleason score and clinical stage (P<0. 05). TMPRSS2 had positive correlation with ERG (rs =0. 465, P<0. 01). TMPRSS2 had positive correla-tion with ETV1 (rs =0. 590, P<0. 01). ERG had no positive correlation with ETV1 (rs =0. 151, P>0. 05). Conclusion ERG and ETV1 are expected to become therapeutic targets for prostate cancer. Detecting TMPRSS2, ERG and ETV1 at the same time is helpful to diagnosis and differential diagnosis of prostatic cancer, which might be new molecule markers of prostate cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of esketamine on postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing general anesthesia.Methods:Two hundred and twenty-four elderly patients, aged ≥ 65 yr, with American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification Ⅰ-Ⅲ, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups ( n=112 each) using a random number table method: esketamine group (S group) and control group (C group). Esketamine 0.5 mg/kg was intravenously injected before anesthesia induction in S group, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in C group.The Fuzzy Consciousness Assessment Scale (3D-CAM) was used to assess the occurrence of POD within 7 days after surgery.The consumption of propofol, remifentanil and sufentanil and use of vasoactive drugs were recorded during operation.The rescue analgesia within 48 h after operation and occurrence of postoperative complications were recorded. Results:Compared with C group, the incidence of POD was significantly decreased, the intraoperative consumption of remifentanil was reduced, and the utilization rate of vasoactive drugs, rate of rescue analgesia and incidence of postoperative vertigo, nausea and vomiting within 48 h after surgery were decreased in S group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Esketamine can reduce the development of POD in elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for treatment of vertebral compression fractures in perimenpausal women.Methods A total of 53 perimenopausal patients (70 vertebrae) undergone PKP for vertebral compression fractures from January 2007 to May 2014 were analyzed retrospectively by case-control study.Thirty-six patients had single vertebral fractures and 17 two-level vertebral fractures.The fracture segments included 5 T11 vertebrae,14 T12 vertebrae,30 L1 vertebrae,12 L2 vertebrae and 9 L3 vertebrae.Ratio of vertebral compression was 10％-30％.According to treatment difference,the patients were divided into PKP group and non-operation group.In PKP group,there were 30 patients with age range of 44-54 years (mean,51.0 years),and the fracture segments included 13 T11 vertebrae,11 T12 vertebrae,17 L1 vertebrae,7 L2 vertebrae,3 L3 vertebrae.In non-operation group,there were 23 patients with age range of 44-54 years (mean,50.5 years),and the fracture segments included 2 T11 vertebrae,3 T12 vertebrae,13 L1 vertebrae,5 L2 vertebrae,6 L3 vertebrae.Visual analogue scale (VAS),Oswesty disability index (ODI),vertebral compression rate,Cobb angle and bone mineral density change were compared preoperatively,2 weeks,6 months and 3 years after operation.Results All patients were followed up for 6-36 months.VAS and ODI were improved compared with preoperative status in two groups at 2 weeks,6 months and 3 years (P ＜ 0.01).VAS and ODI in PKP group were significantly decreased at 2 weeks and 6 months compared with non-operation group (P ＜ 0.01).The Cobb angle and vertebral compression rate in non-operation group were improved at 6 months compared with those in preoperative status (P ＜ 0.05),and a consistent increase was noted at 3 years,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The Cobb angle and vertebral compression rate in PKP group were reduced at 6 months compared with preoperative status (P ＜ 0.05),and an increase was noted at 3 years,but the difference was not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).The Cobb angle and vertebral compression rate in PKP group did not increase at 6 months and 3 years,but they had significant increase in non-operation group (P ＜ 0.05).The body mass index in non-operation group decreased at different degrees at 6 months and 3 years,compared with preoperative status (P ＜ 0.05),while the body mass index reduction in PKP group had no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The body mass index reduction in PKP group was less than that in non-operation group at 3 years (P ＜0.01).The body mass index reduction in PKP group was slow and had no statistically significant difference compared with preoperative status (P ＞ 0.05).The body mass index reduction in non-operation group was fast and had significant decrease compared with preoperative status (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion PKP can relieve pain for vertebral compression fractures in perimenopausal women in short term and long term,and PKP can also improve spinal kyphosis and prohibit the decline of bone mineral density.