Objective: To establish a new method for the identification of Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill. (Beiwuwei) and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. Et Wils. (Nanwuwei). Methods: Random amplified polymorphic DNA method was applied to screen random primers. Results:Screening from 80 primers,only S429, which can be used to identify Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill.(Beiwuwei) and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. Et Wils. (Nanwuwei) accurately and is of good reproducibility. Conclusion: S429 can be used to identify Schisandra chinensis(Turcz.) Baill. (Beiwuwei) and Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. Et Wils. (Nanwuwei) accurately.

Objective To evaluate the alteration of labial bone mass one year after immediate implant or delayed implant placement in esthetic zone.Methods From June 2009 to June 2012,22 patients with 11 immediate implant and 11 delayed implant in the maxillary anterior region were followed up.CBCT images were obtained immediately after surgery and one year after implant placement,the horizontal and vertical alterations of the labial bone were evaluated by image analysis software.Results The 1-year vertical reduction of labial bone after immediate implant placement was statistically significant (P＜0.05),and no significant difference in delayed implant (P＞0.05).The 1-year horizontal reduction of labial bone was statistically significant at coronal and middle of implant,without significant difference at apical of implant.Conclusions Immediate implant can not stop the physical absorption of labial alveolar ridge,and the study can provide reference to achieve esthetics in the anterior region.

The spread of schistosomiasis seriously threaten the health of people and hinder the economic and social develop-ment in China. The water conservancy combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control effectively controlled the spread of schistosomiasis by controlling the spread of Oncomelania hupensis,the only intermediate host of Schistosoma japonicum. This pa-per reviews the evolution of the strategy of schistosomiasis prevention and control in China and points out the historical role of wa-ter conservancy combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control. Furthermore,this article analyzes the problems and chal-lenges of water conservancy combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control in the new period. In response to the challeng-es,the new strategy of water conservancy combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control is put forward,including:devel-oping the research of the new strategy of water conservancy combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control,enhancing the research of water conservancy technology combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control,improving the efficiency and ap-plicability of water conservancy projects combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control,strengthening the guidance of wa-ter conservancy technology combined with schistosomiasis prevention and control,and perfecting the evaluation system.

Objective　To assess the bioavailability of fluoride added into milk. Methods　Eight subjects were studied by testing fluoride levels in blood and urine samples collected after drinking fluoridated milk and fluoridated water respectively, according to pharmacokinitics and cross control method. Results　The bioavailability of fluoride in fluoridated milk reached 80.2% in blood analysis and 84.8% in urine analysis. The result was about 20.0% lower as compared with fluoridated water. Conclusion　Fluoride bioavailability in fluoridated milk is still high and sufficient.

Objective To summarize the experience on clinical diagnosis and treatment for cervical neurilemmoma. Methods The clinical data of 77 cases of cervical neurilemmoma from 1976 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The diagnosis was dependent on the anamnesis, clinical presentations, ultrasonography, CT and cytology of fine needle aspiration. Correct preoperative diagnosis was abtained in 51 cases (66. 2% ) , and the misdiagnosis rate was 33. 8% (26/77). All patients underwent surgical resection. The postoperative diagnosis was benign neurilemmoma by pathological examinations. The postoperative complications included recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries (6 cases) , Horner syndrome (4 cases) , tongue deviation (3 cases), neck pain or numbness (2 cases) and reffered pain in limb (1 case). Sixteen patients were followed up, and these symptomes disappeared after 3-11 months. Nerve dysfunction remained in 2 out of 3 patients in whom the vagus was wrongly amputated during the operation. Intraoperative inadvertent sympathetic nerve amputation caused permanent nerve dysfunction. Conclusion B-mode ultrasonography, CT and fine needle aspiration cytology are useful for the diagnosis of cervical neurilemmoma. Surgical resection is most effective among all available therapies.

Background and purpose:Papillary renal cell carcinomas (PRCC) is relatively infrequent, and there are few related researches in China. This study aimed to summarize the clinical and pathological features of PRCC, and evaluate prognostic factors for patients treated with surgery.Methods:A total of 64 patients who under-went surgery for PRCC were retrospectively assessed. PRCC tissue slides from each patient were reviewed for type (ⅠorⅡ), grade, TNM stage, coagulative tumor necrosis and microvascular invasion. We estimated overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariate analysis was done according to the Cox proportional hazards model of factors statistically signiifcant on univariate analysis. Results:The incidence rate of ENE was 6.04%in RCC, the median age was 55 (range 22 to 78) years. The comparison of the 22 (534.4%) typeⅠPRCCs and 42 (65.6%) typeⅡPRCCs revealed that typeⅡtumors were associated with a greater stage and grade more often. The median follow-up was 46 months (range 19 to 133). Of the 64 patients, 14 died, (4.5%) with typeⅠand 13 (31.0%) with typeⅡtumors (P=0.018). The overall survival rate was 85.7%in typeⅠtumors and 55.8%in typeⅡtumors, respectively. Univariate analysis identiifed symptoms at presentation, tumor type, TNM stage and grade as prognostic factors. On multivariate analysis only metastatic RCC remained associated with decreased overall survival (HR:14.78, P=0.004). Conclusion:The per-centage of PRCC is lower and typeⅡPRCC is relatively common compared with foreign data. Metastasis at diagnosis is an independent predictive parameter of overall survival in Chinese patients with PRCC.

Objective To investigate the activation, distribution, origin, and expression of hepatic stem cells(HSC)in different histological types of primary liver carcinomas. Methods The histological and immunohistochemical features of 94 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 12 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and 10 cases of mixed hepatocarcinoma were examined by HE staining and immunohistochemistry SP method, with 5 cases of sclerotic liver and 4 cases of normal liver tissues as control. Results HSC expression was observed and the transfor mation from HSC to carcinoma cell was also noted in the liver. CK7, CK19, c-kit, Thy-1, and AFP were found expressed in different types of hepatic carcinomas and the greatest intensive expression was found in the mixed hepatocarcinoma (P

BACKGROUND: Recently, some people believed that the mechanisms of primary hepatic carcinoma might be caused by poor differentiation or disdifferentiation of hepatic stem cells. Studies on hepatic stem cells are in the early stage at present, and the theory of "stem cell origins" of human primary hepatic carcinoma deserves further verification. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the activation, distribution, origin and immunological expression characteristics of hepatic stem cells in different histopathologic types of primary hepatic carcinoma. DESIGN: Observational comparative study. SETTING: Tumor Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. PARTICIPANTS: Experiments were performed at the Laboratory of Tumor Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from September 2003 to July 2004. We took 94 cases of hepatic cellular cancer, 12 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma and 10 cases of mixed hepatocarcinoma paraffin-embedded tissue blocks as research objects, with 5 cases of liver cirrhosis and 4 cases of normal liver as experimental control. These materials were collected from the archive of the Department of Pathology of Daping Hospital. Primary hepatic carcinoma tissues and corresponding adjacent liver tissues were obtained from patients who had undergone surgery for the removal of their tumors. All the patients were not treated by chemotherapy or radiotherapy before the operation. They had signed the informed consent. Main Antibodies were bought from Santa Cruz Company.METHODS: The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics were examined by haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry (SP method), including mouse antihuman cytokeratin 19 monoclonal antibody, mouse antihuman cytokeratin 7 monoclonal antibody, mouse antihuman cytokeratin 8&&18 monoclonal antibody, mouse antihuman c-kit monoclonal antibody, mouse antihuman Thy-1 monoclonal antibody, mouse antihuman alpha fetoprotein monoclonal antibody. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expression of immunological markers of hepatic stem cells in different histopathologic types. RESULTS: Immunological markers of hepatic stem cells expressed variously in different histopathologic types of primary hepatic carcinoma. Hepatic stem cells differentiated into hepatoma carcinoma cells in all the types. The highest expression rate of hepatic stem cell immunophenotype was found in the mixed hepatocarcinoma (P < 0.05). Immunophenotypes of hepatic stem cells were negative in normal group and cirrhosis group. CONCLUSION: Hepatic stem cells of varied differentiations and origins existed in different histopathologic types of primary hepatic carcinoma.

Objective:To explore the clinical feasibility of extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy based on the concept of 3D membrane anatomy.Methods:The clinical data of 10 male patients with bladder cancer who underwent 3D extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy + ileal-orthotopic-neobladder surgery from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The median age was 67 years. The ASA score was 1-2 in 8 cases and 3 in 2 cases. There were 4 cases of hypertension, 2 cases of diabetes, 1 case of heart disease, no case of abdominal surgery history. During the operation, the concept of 3D membrane anatomy was used to identify the important fascia in the pelvic cavity and to find the key layers and structures in the pelvic cavity.It was separated from the prevesical fascia to the laterovesical space, and confluenced with Retzius space and Bogros space. It was dissected in the layer surrounded by the prevesical fascia, the vesicohypogastric fascia, and the urogenital fascia to complete the process of cystectomy.Results:The operations of 10 patients were completed successfully and there was no conversion to open operation. The median operation time was 276(237-325) minutes, and the median blood loss was 160(50-280)ml. The postoperative bowel recovery median time was 1.8(1-3)days, and the patients were out of bed about 1.3(1-2) days. The median postoperative hospital stay was 9(5-12) days. The number of median lymph node dissection in all patients was 10(6-20). Positive lymph nodes was found in 3 cases. Positive margin was found in no case. Postoperative tumor pathological stages were T 2 stage in 7 cases, T 3 stage in 3 cases. During the follow-up, all patients had no obvious complications. Conclusions:It is feasible to apply the concept of 3D membrane anatomy to identify and locate the key fascia structures and levels in extra-peritoneal laparoscopic radical cystectomy. The operative complications were less and the postoperative recovery was faster. The anatomy is clear during the operation, which has good safety and reduces the difficulty of the operation.

Objective:To explore the risk factors of postoperative depression in patients with esophageal cancer, and to develop a risk prediction model which providing a theoretical basis for the early detection of depression in high-risk groups by clinical staff.Methods:From September 2022 to March 2023, at the South Campus of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 269 hospitalized patients with esophageal cancer (191 in depression group, 78 in non-depression group) were selected as the model construction set. From March to May 2023, at the South Campus of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, 78 hospitalized patients with esophageal cancer were selected as the external validation set. The patients with Beck depression inventory-Ⅱ score ≥5 and depression diagnosed by two experts (chief psychiatrists of the Department of Psychiatry of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University) were considered as depression and included in the depression group, and the other patients were enrolled in the non-depression group. The general data, blood routine examination, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), blood electrolytes, blood lipids, clinical symptoms (gastroesophageal reflux, sleep disturbance, appetite, etc.) and depression score were compared between the depression group and the non-depression group. Independent sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. Multiple logistic regression model was performed to analyze the independent risk factors of postoperative depression in patients with esophageal cancer, and a risk warning model was constructed. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the fitting degree and predictive efficiency of the model, and the cross-validation method was used to verify the effectiveness of the model. Results:The incidence of postoperative depression in patients with esophageal cancer was 71.0% (191/269). The total white blood cell count, hs-CRP, blood phosphorus β 2 microglobulin and the proportion of sleep disorders of the depression group were higher than those of the non-depression group (1.3 (1.1, 5.4) ×10 9/L vs. 0.9 (0.3, 1.1) ×10 9/L, 75.8 (54.8, 102.1) mg/L vs. 60.8 (3.6, 61.5) mg/L, (1.33±0.32) mmol/L vs. (1.02±0.19) mmol/L, (2.17±0.72) mg/L vs.(2.12±0.49) mg/L, 84.3% (161/191) vs. 33.3% (26/78), and the differences were statistically significant ( Z=9.24, 7.88, t=9.24, χ2=67.87 t=1.98; all P<0.001); hemoglobin, total platelet count, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and the proportion of poor appetite were lower than those of the non-depression group ((119.91±24.51) g/L vs. (122.09±22.97) g/L, (203.43±58.45)×10 9/L vs. (311.55±83.54)×10 9/L, (1.04±0.30) mmol/L vs. (1.43±0.23) mmol/L, 73.3% (140/191) vs. 84.6% (66/78)), and the differences were statistically significant ( t=-2.00, -8.42 and -8.48, χ2=3.96; P=0.047, <0.001, <0.001, =0.047). The results of multifactorial logistic regression model analysis showed that sleep disorder ( OR=3.976, 95% confidence interval (95% CI 1.601 to 9.872)), loss of appetite ( OR=0.271, 95% CI 0.092 to 0.791), white blood cell count ( OR=31.808, 95% CI 2.879 to 351.401), hs-CRP ( OR=1.031, 95% CI 1.017 to 1.044), platelet count ( OR=0.990, 95% CI 0.982 to 0.997), and HDL ( OR=0.017, 95% CI 0.001 to 0.242) were independent influencing factors of postoperative depression in patients with esophageal cancer. The formula of risk warning model was probability of depression=1-1/{1+ exp[1.544+ 1.380×sleep disturbance (yes=1, no=0)-1.307×loss of appetite (yes=1, no=0)-0.010×platelet count (×10 9/L)-4.063×HDL (mmol/L)+ 0.030×hs-CRP (mg/L)+ 3.460×white blood cell count (×10 9/L)]}. The results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that the model has a good fit ( χ2=2.01, P=0.981), with an area under the ROC of 0.949, a sensitivity of 0.874, and a specificity of 0.872. The cross-validation of the external validation set showed that the accuracy of the risk warning model was 67.9%. Conclusion:This study is a preliminary study on the risk warning model of postoperative depression in patients with esophageal cancer, which provides a novel approach for screening depression in patients with esophageal cancer after surgery.