Objective To detect patients with cancer of the stomach cancer tissue and serum Periostin protein expression of the situation,the preliminary explore its clinical significance.Methods Selected 60 cases of our hospital diagnosed as gastric carcinoma patients with carcinoma tissue samples,tissue adjacent to carcinoma specimens and serum,and choose 60 cases of healthy check-up serum specimens at the same time.Classified all patients according to clinical classification factors,inclu-ding age,sex,TNM stage,degree of infiltration,lymph node metastasis and pathological grading,immunohistochemical meth-od determination of Periostin in gastric cancer and adjacent tissue protein expression,enzyme-linked immunoassay detection in patients with gastric cancer patients and normal serum Periostin protein content.Results The method of ELISA to detect gastric cancer patients serum Periostin protein level was 46.76.4 ng/ml,and healthy crowd Periostin protein levels was 23.1 ±4.5 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t= 7.34,P<0.05).Immunohistochemical methods showed that Periostin in patients with cancer of the stomach cancer tissue protein positive rate was (73.2±5.4)%,positive rate of (33.4±6.5)%in the tissue adjacent to carcinoma,statistically significant difference (t=8.52,P<0.05).Ⅲ~Ⅳ period patients serum Periostin protein level was 64.9±6.3 ng/ml,Ⅰ~Ⅱ period patients serum Periostin protein level was 41.6±4.1 ng/ml, statistically significant difference (t=9.17,P< 0.05).Periostin protein inⅢ~Ⅳ positive rate was 67.8% in patients with carcinoma tissue,Ⅰ~ phase Ⅱ positive rate was 52.9%,statistically significant difference (t=9.64,P<0.05).According to infiltrate the classification:T3,T4 patients serum Periostin protein level was 61.9±6.6 ng/ml,T1 and T2 patients serum Periostin protein level was 44.6±3.7 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t=8.24,P<0.05).Periostin protein in T3 and T4 positive rate was 6 6.2% in patients with carcinoma tissue,T1 and T2 positive rate was 5 1.4%,statistically signifi-cant difference (t=7.58,P<0.05).Lymph node metastasis patients serum Periostin protein level was 65.2±4.3 ng/ml, without metastasis in patients with serum Periostin protein level was 42.6±3.2 ng/ml,statistically significant difference (t=7.63,P<0.05).Periostin protein in the tissue of carcinoma patients with lymph node metastasis group positive rate was 60.8%,no transfer of positive rate was 37.5%,statistically significant difference (t=8.56,P<0.05).Conclusion Periostin protein expression in patients with gastric cancer tissue and serum was significantly higher than that of healthy people,and to a certain extent is proportional to the illness,Periostin protein is a predictable stomach occurrence,lesion degree of poten-tial biological indicators.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)are important ways of anti-tumor therapy in recent years,which have demonstrated significant clinical benefits.However,the immune-related adverse events caused by ICIs should not be ignored,especially ICIs-related myocarditis,which is rare but fatal.Glucocorticoids are the first choice and the core treatment for ICIs-associated myocarditis.In the process of hormone therapy,if the condition worsens,one of the drugs such as mycophenolate mofetil(MMF),tacrolimus,and infliximab can be combined.Alemtuzumab and abatacept may be effective for patients with severe myocarditis who do not respond to glucocorticoid therapy,but abatacept may promote tumor growth.This paper analyzed and discussed a case of immuno-related myocarditis in a colon cancer patient who was treated with toripalimab combined with cetuximab and irinotecan,oral tofacitinib was added after failure of treatment with glucocorticoid combined with intravenous immunoglobulin,then the biomarkers of myocardial injury decreased significantly.This paper provides a new idea for clinical treatment of steroid-refractory immune related myocarditis.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of individualized neoadjuvant chemotherapy for renal carcinoma to reduce side effects under the guidance of gene detection.Methods From January 2011 to March 2014,two hundred and twelve patients with renal carcinoma treated in Cangzhou Central Hospital were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into the gene detection group (102 cases) and non-gene detection group (110 cases).The gene detection group was detected by the real time fluorescence quantitative (RT-PCR) method and the drug sensitivity test was carried out,and the patients were given neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on the results of drug sensitivity test.The patients in the non-gene detection group were treated with the national comprehensive cancer network (NCCN) experience regimen.The incidence of chemotherapy side effects was compared between the two groups.Results The 1 year survival rate of the gene test group was higher than that in the non-gene detection group (87.25％ (89/102) vs.77.27％ (85/ 110),x2 =4.67,P＜0.05),and the 3 year survival rate increased (70.58％ (72/102) vs.64.54％ (71/110),x2 =4.510,P＜ 0.05) as well,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The incidence of liver injury in the gene detection group was 17.64％ (18/102),which was lower than that in the control group 30％ (33/110),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.42,P ＜ 0.05).In the gene detection group,the incidence of leukocyte 3～4 level inhibition was 27.5％ (28/102),which was higher than that in the non-gene detection group 21.8％ (24/110).The difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.940,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Genetic polymorphisms detection is a guide to the application of tumor sensitive drugs in the individualized neoadjuvant chemotherapy of renal carcinoma.It can improve the therapeutic effect,and also reduce the occurrence of liver injury caused by side effects of chemotherapy and has high clinical application value.

Objective Exploring the current research status,research context,evolution,and future research directions of laboratory animal welfare and ethics in China.Methods Literature related to laboratory animal welfare and ethics was collected from journals in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)database from 2001 to 2023.A combination of a qualitative description based on a literature review and CiteSpace visual bibliometric analysis was used to summarize the achievements,hot topics,and directions of laboratory animal welfare and ethics research.Results The literature shows that the overall popularity of research into laboratory animal welfare and ethics is on the rise in China.The hot research topics in this field include basic theories of laboratory animal welfare and ethics,the legislation of laboratory animal welfare and ethics,technologies for improving laboratory animal welfare and ethics,reviews of laboratory animal welfare and ethics,and laboratory animal welfare and ethics education.In response to the ethical issues arising from emerging interdisciplinary fields,continuous innovation is being made via research into this topic.Conclusions Suggestions are put forward regarding changes to the legal system,review mechanisms,education and training,and innovative research using laboratory animals welfare and ethics to provide a reference and guidance on the welfare and ethics of laboratory animals.

Endemic arsenicosis is a kind of endemic diseases, which is caused by chronic arsenic exposure and is seriously harmful to human health. Skin is the important target organ of endemic arsenicosis. Clinical diagnosis for this endemic disease mainly depends on the cutaneous triad (hyperkeratosis on the palms and soles, cutaneous hyper-pigmentation and hypo-pigmentation).But the pathogenesis of this disease is still unclear.In-depth understanding of the skin lesions and the pathogenesis is greatly significant for the scientific explanation of endemic arsenicosis. Although there are some studies on the skin lesions caused by endemic arsenicosis, a systematic review is still lacking. In this paper, the epidemiology, pathological changes and pathogenesis of skin lesions caused by endemic arsenicosis are summarized. Here we expect this summarization will deepen the understanding on skin lesions caused by endemic arsenicosis and provide some new ideas and clues for other researchers.

Keratinocytes are the main constituent cells of the skin epidermis and the main target cells of arsenic act on the skin as well.Although it has been epidemiologically clarified that arsenic can cause palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and skin cancer,yet the mechanism is unclear and there's no ideal animal models so far.Currently,the studies of skin lesions induced by arsenic mainly focus on keratinocytes in vitro.In this paper,we summarize the related literatures and review the effects of arsenic on proliferation,differentiation,oxidative stress,DNA damage,apoptosis,epigenetic changes,and cancer stem cell activation of keratinocytes.We hope to deepen the understanding of skin lesions induced by arsenic and provide more basis and ideas for understanding the mechanism of endemic aRSenicosis.

Background and objective Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS gene are important driver genes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).The studies are mainly focused on detection ofEGFR gene for advanced NSCLC,and the mutation feature of EGFR and KRAS gene in early NSCLC tissue is unknown.This study aims to investigate the mutations of EGFR and KRAS gene in NSCLC,and the relationship between the genotype and clinicopathologic features.Methods The hotspot mutations in EGFR and KRAS gene in 754 tissue samples of stage Ⅰ-Ⅲa NSCLC from Department of Pathology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital were detected by modified amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) real-time PCR kit,and analyzed their correlation with clinical variables.Results The hotspot mutation rates in EGFR and KRAS were 34.5％ and 13.1％ respectively,and there were EGFR-KRAS double mutations in 3 samples.The mutation rate of EGFR was higher in females than that in males (39.5％ vs 29.4％,P=0.076),significantly increased in adenocarcinomas (38.7％) compared to that in the other forms of NSCLC (P＜0.01),but still lower than that reported in some Asian studies of advanced adenocarcinoma (-50％).Meanwhile,the mutation rate of KRAS was remarkably higher in males than that in females (16.6％ vs 9％,P=0.048),increased in adenocarcinomas compared to that in the other forms of NSCLC,but the difference was not significant (P=0.268).Samples harbored EGFR mutation were younger than those harbored KRAS mutation (P=0.031,5),and had significant difference in gender between the two groups (P＜0.01).Conclusion The mutation rate of EGFR in stag Ⅰ-Ⅲa NSCLC patients was lower than that in advanced NSCLC patients.And the percentage of the NSCLC patients with EGFRKRAS double mutations is 0.9％.

Objective:To explore whether autophagy is involved in dysfunction of vascular endothelial induced by sodium arsenite (NaAsO 2). Methods:Human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells were isolated and cultured. The cells were treated with different levels of NaAsO 2 [0 (control)), 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50 μmol/L] for 24 h, and cell viability was determined using CCK8. According to the results of CCK8, the levels of arsenite used in subsequent experiments were determined, intracellular nitric oxide (NO) content (incubated by NaAsO 2 for 4 h) was detected by flow cytometry, LC3 levels (incubated by NaAsO 2 for 0, 6, 12 and 24 h) was detected using Western blotting, and autophagosome (incubated by NaAsO 2 for 12 h) was observed by electron microscope. At the same time, human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells were pretreated with 0.1 mmol/L 3-MA (autophagy inhibitor) for 2 h, and induced by 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2, and the above detection indicators were compared with those of the 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2 group. Results:Human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells were successfully isolated and cultured. Compared with the control group [cell viability: (99.97 ± 5.33)%, NO content: 42 048.34 ± 789.61], the cell viability [(73.00 ± 0.86)%] and NO content (23 353.97 ± 971.85) of 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2 group were remarkably lower, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.01). Incubated with 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2 at different time points 6, 12, 24 h, LC3Ⅱ levels (5.782 ± 2.789, 9.692 ± 2.222, 5.573 ± 2.941) were significantly elevated than those of control group (1.000 ± 0.383, P < 0.05), and the LC3 Ⅱ level was the highest at 12 h. After treatment with 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2 for 12 h, the number of autophagosome in cells observed under electron microscope was significantly higher than that of the control group. Compared with 30 μmol/L NaAsO 2 group [cell viability: (68.78 ± 1.55)%, LC3 Ⅱ level: 5.680 ± 0.545, NO content: 13 025.78 ± 962.61], cell viability [ (79.54 ± 4.99) %] in 3-MA+ NaAsO 2 group was increased, the LC3Ⅱ level (3.956 ± 0.398) was decreased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05); intracellular NO content (13 988.51 ± 1 671.07) increased, whereas the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:Autophagy is involved in the vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by arsenic.

Objective:To establish a method for preparing urine arsenic quality control samples and verify its uniformity and stability.Methods:Urine samples of healthy adults were collected, concentrated and then freeze-dried using a freeze dryer. The freeze-dried samples were subjected to atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry to determine the arsenic content. The method was verified from the uniformity, stability, determination of different detection methods, and the fixed value of urine arsenic content.Results:The linear correlation coefficient of the standard curve of the method was 0.999 7. The variation coefficients of arsenic content after freeze-dried of urine samples were all < 5%. The uniformity test results showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the arsenic content between bottles of low and high concentration samples ( t = 1.09, 1.53, P > 0.05), and the sample uniformity was good. The stability test results show that the decline rate of the freeze-dried samples of high and low concentrations stored ≤360 days was less than 10%, and the stability was good at room temperature. Atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) were used for the arsenic content determination of high and low concentration samples, and there was no significant difference between the two methods ( P > 0.05). The results of determination of arsenic content in urine of 14 provinces and 86 cities and counties showed that the low concentration was (0.028 ± 0.002) mg/L and the high concentration was (0.113 ± 0.008) mg/L. Conclusion:The uniformity and stability of the freeze-dried urine arsenic quality control samples can meet the external quality control requirements of the laboratory in endemic disease prevention and monitoring.