BACKGROUND:There is no effective therapy for obliterative bronchiolitis after tracheal transplantation. A therapeutic strategy at microRNA (miRNA) molecular level plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of complications after organ transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the miRNA differential expression profile in response to obliterative bronchiolitis after orthotopic tracheal transplantation in rats.
METHODS:The obliterative bronchiolitis model after lung transplantation was established through orthotopic tracheal transplantation in inbred strains of rats, and then was identified using histoIogical examination. Total miRNAs were detected by miRNA array and significantly differential expressed miRNAs were filtrated in the transplanted trachea tissues. The miRNA-146a, miRNA-155 and miRNA-451 with significantly differential expressions were used for relative quantitative study. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was applied to verify the reliability of miRNA array results.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The pathological examination showed that, obliterative bronchiolitis model in rats was successful y established at 4 weeks after orthotopic tracheal transplantation. A total of obliterative bronchiolitis-related 29 miRNAs were found in miRNA expression profiles, including 14 miRNAs with significantly down-regulated expression and 15 miRNAs with significantly up-regulated expression. Among them, the significantly up-regulated miRNAs (miRNA-146a and miRNA-155) and the significantly down-regulated miRNA-451 were involved in immuno-inflammatory reaction. The miRNAs play an important role in regulating pathophysiological changes of obliterative bronchiolitis after lung transplantation.

Objective. To understand drug susceptibilities to common antibacterials, resistance mechanism to β-lactams and quinolones and the clonal spread of resistant stains of Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) and Haernophilus parainfluenzae (H. parainfluenzae) isolated from some hospitals in Shanghai. Methods The in vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities to 13 antibacterials, such as ampicillin, of 156 Haemophilus strains collected from 5 hospitals of Shanghai in 2006 were tested by agar dilution method. The β-lactamase production was determined by chromogenic cephalosporin test. TEM and ROB type of β-lactamase genes and quinolone resistance determining regions (QRDR) of ciprofloxacin-resistant strains were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. The homology of H. influenzae strains were analyzed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR. Results The susceptible rate of 109 strains H. influenzae to ampicillin was 74.3%, while those to ampicillin-sulbactam, cephatosporins and fluoroquinolones were all 100.0%. The β-lactamases-producing rates of 109 strains H. influenzae and 47 strains H. parainfluenzae were 25.7% and 19.1% (χ2=0.776,P=0.378), respectively. TEM gene was detected in all β-lactamases-producing strains. Of 109 H. influenzae isolates, only one was resistant to ciprofloxacin, and Ser84Leu mutation was detected in gyrA gene and Gly206Arg mutation in parC gene. The results of ERIC-PCR showed that 106 H. influenzae strains were clustered into 73 groups with similarity level of 85%. Conclusions Clinical isolates of H. influenzae from hospitals in Shanghai remain highly susceptible to common antimicrobial agents except ampicillin. TEM type of β-lactamase production is the main ampicillin-resistant mechanism of the tested stains. The clonal spread of H. influenzae, including ampicillin-resistant strains, is not prevalent.

OBJECTIVE To study the radiose-nsitization by Topotecan on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma in nude mice. METHODS ①To study the maximum tolerance dose of TPT and detect the effective rate of TPT and RT on nude mice. ② Plan of radiosensitization practice:53 nude mice xenografts were distributed to 5 groups:RT 20 Gy group,RT 40 Gy group,TPT 12.5 mg/kg group,TPT 12.5 mg/kg+RT 20 Gy group and the controlgroup. After treatment,the volume of tumors were measured every 3 days in order to value the effective rate [complete remission(CR) + partial remission(PR) ]and regrowth delay time(TGD) and to fit the growth curve. RESULTS This study showed that the effective rates had significant difference among RT20 Gy+TPT 12.5 mg/kg group,RT20 Gy group and TPT12.5 mg/kg group,while that of RT20 Gy +TPT 12.5 mg/kg group and RT40 Gy group had no statistical difference. SER reached to 1.34. CONCLUSION Topotecan has been shown a radiosensitizing effect on human nasopharyngeal carcinoma in vivo.

4-Amino dimethyl phthalate as the hapten was coupled to carrier protein and then used to immunize New Zealand rabbits. Polyclonal antibody which showed specific binding to dimethyl phthalate ( DMP) was thus obtained, and on the basis of this, an indirect competitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunoassay ( icCLEIA ) was developed. The experimental parameters of icCLEIA were optimized as follows: the concentration of coating antigen was 50 μg/L, the primary antibody concentration was 92. 5 μg/L, the secondary antibody concentration was 1μg/mL, distilled water (pH 6. 0) was used as diluent solution and the competitive reaction time was 40 min. Under the optimal conditions, the icCLEIA exhibited a linear working range from 0. 74μg/L to 30. 32μg/L with the limit of detection of 0. 29μg/L. The cross-reactivity of thirteen structural analogues was lower than 5%. The recovery of DMP from spiked liquor and soy sauce samples ranged from 80 . 2% to 116 . 0% and the average RSD was less than 3 . 6%. The detection results of the spiked liquor and soy sauce samples were consistent with those by standard gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. The developed icCLEIA method exhibited a practical potential for detecting DMP residue in food samples.

Objective To evaluate the long-term results and prognostic factors in 582 nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC ) patients treated by intensity modulated radiotherapy ( IMRT ) . Methods 582 newly diagnosed NPC patients treated by IMRT in Sichuan cancer hospital from Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2004were reviewed. According to 2002UICC staging system, there were 36 stage Ⅰ , 144 stage Ⅱ , 224 stage Ⅲ, 178 stage Ⅳa. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate.Acute and late toxicities were graded according to the radiation therapy oncology group (RTOG) radiation morbidity scoring criteria. Results The follow up rate was 93.5％. The 5-year local control, regional control, distant metastasis-free survival, disease free survival, disease specific survival and overall survival rate was 89. 8％,95. 2％, 74. 1％, 69.6％, 83.2％ and 77. 1％. There were 29, 13 and 117 patients who had developed local, regional and distant recurrence respectively. The incidence of grade 3 acute ( salivary gland、 oral mucosa and skin) and late toxicity was 44. 5％ and 4. 2％. No grade 4 acute and late toxicity reaction was found. Multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage, N stage, radiotherapy interruption, age, HGB and weight loss were the independent prognostic factors for the overall survival. ConclusionsNPC treated with IMRT could get good long-term survival with high quality of life. The clinical stage and N stage were the main prognostic factors for the overall survival. The acute and late toxicities were mainly grade 1 and 2.Distant metastasis is the main cause of treatment failure.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of elderly unintentional fall-related injuries (EUFI) in Jiangsu from 2006 to 2021 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of falls in the elderly and the formulation of related policies.Methods:Data on EUFI was collected from the first diagnosed cases in the injury surveillance hospitals in Jiangsu from 2006 to 2021, and epidemiological characteristics of injuries were analyzed. logistic regression was performed to identify the risk factors for EUFI.Results:The number of EUFI increased from 2006 to 2021, ranked as the first cause of elderly unintentional injuries during these years. The proportion of EUFI among elderly unintentional injuries increased in the same period. The male-to-female ratio is 1∶1.4. Falls mainly occurred during 8:00-10:00 am (32.7%). The most common place where falls occurred was at home (63.6%). From 2006 to 2014, leisure activities (62.1%), housework/study (23.1%), and work (5.2%) were the top three activities when injuries occurred. During 2015-2021, leisure activities (41.7%), housework/study (22.6%) and walking (20.5%) were the top three activities when injuries occurred. The major fall-related injuries were fractures (39.9%), with the injured parts at low limbs (32.5%), of which most were mild injuries (60.3%), and the primary outcome was hospitalization after treatment (74.1%). logistic regression showed that the risk factors of EUFI were female, old age, immigrants, winter, public residence, housework/study, and leisure activities. Higher education, occupation of household and production and transportation equipment operators were protective factors (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Fall is the leading cause of unintentional injuries in the elderly in Jiangsu, especially the elderly female population. Corresponding measures should be taken to prevent and intervene in falls in the elderly in the community according to the distribution characteristics.

Objective To evaluate the risk of 10?year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu province. Methods From December 2013 to January 2014, a total of 15 624 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above, who received national basic public health service in Changshu county of Suzhou city, Huai′an and Qinghe districts of Huai′an city, Jiangsu province, were recruited by cluster sampling method. Face?to?face questionnaire survey, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were conducted to collect exposures to ICVD risk factors. Improved Ten Year Risk Assessment Table of ICVD in Chinese was used to assess the risk score and the absolute risk of developing ICVD. Results The participants were (62.2±9.7) years old, of which 6 137 were men (39.3%). Among the participants, the highest rate of exposure to ICVD risk factors was high systolic blood pressure (74.8%, n=11 685), followed by high total cholesterol (70.7%, n=11 051).The score of 10?year risk for ICVD was (10.4±3.3) and the median (P25-P75) value of absolute risk was 15.6% (6.8%-32.7%). 16.7% (n=2 602) participants were under extremely high risk of 10?year risk for ICVD, 23.8% (n=3 714) under high?risk and 24.0% (n=3 746) under middle?risk. Among the total risk score of ICVD, age (49.1%), hypertension (17.7%) and diabetes (15.5%) accounted for relatively high proportion, however, smoking (11.0%) was the most important risk factor except for age (47.4%) and systolic blood pressure (20.5%) in male participants. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu Province have a high risk of developing ICVD for 10 years, especially in elderly, female, hypertension patients and male smokers.

Objective:To investigate the associations of onset age, diabetes duration, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels with ischemic stroke risk in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods:The participants were from Comprehensive Research on the Prevention and Control of the Diabetes in Jiangsu Province. The study used data from baseline survey from December 2013 to January 2014 and follow-up until December 31, 2021. After excluding the participants who had been diagnosed with stroke at baseline survey and those with incomplete information on onset age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c level, a total of 17 576 type 2 diabetes patients were included. Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the hazard ratio ( HR) and 95% CI of onset age, diabetes duration, and HbA1c level for ischemic stroke. Results:During the median follow-up time of 8.02 years, 2 622 ischemic stroke cases were registered. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model showed that a 5-year increase in type 2 diabetes onset age was significantly associated with a 5% decreased risk for ischemic stroke ( HR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99). A 5-year increase in diabetes duration was associated with a 5% increased risk for ischemic stroke ( HR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.10). Higher HbA1c (per 1 standard deviation increase: HR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.13-1.21) was associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke. Conclusion:The earlier onset age of diabetes, longer diabetes duration, and high levels of HbA1c are associated with an increased risk for ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes patients.

To investigate the associations of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its subtypes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Jiangsu Province.Methods:The participants were enrolled in the Comprehensive Research project regarding 'Prevention and Control of Diabetes' in Jiangsu Province. The baseline survey was conducted from 2013 to 2014, and follow-up until December 31, 2021. After excluding the participants who self-reported with chronic liver disease/stroke/coronary heart disease at baseline survey and those with incomplete information on GGT, a total of 16 147 T2DM patients were included in the final analysis. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate the hazard ratio ( HR) and their 95% CI of GGT for CVD, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Restricted cubic spline models were applied to analyze the dose-response relationship between GGT and the risk of CVD and its subtypes. Results:During the median follow-up time of 8.02 years, 2 860 CVD cases were registered, including 196 cases of myocardial infarction and 2 730 cases of stroke. Multivariate Cox proportional risk regression model indicated that compared to the lowest serum GGT level group, the highest GGT level group had a 24% increased risk of CVD ( HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.09-1.41) and a 23% increased risk of stroke ( HR=1.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.40). The restricted cubic spline model showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship between GGT and the risk of CVD, myocardial infarction, and stroke in T2DM patients. Conclusions:High levels of GGT may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in T2DM patients, which needs further exploration and validation in future clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the risk of 10?year risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) in patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu province. Methods From December 2013 to January 2014, a total of 15 624 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above, who received national basic public health service in Changshu county of Suzhou city, Huai′an and Qinghe districts of Huai′an city, Jiangsu province, were recruited by cluster sampling method. Face?to?face questionnaire survey, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were conducted to collect exposures to ICVD risk factors. Improved Ten Year Risk Assessment Table of ICVD in Chinese was used to assess the risk score and the absolute risk of developing ICVD. Results The participants were (62.2±9.7) years old, of which 6 137 were men (39.3%). Among the participants, the highest rate of exposure to ICVD risk factors was high systolic blood pressure (74.8%, n=11 685), followed by high total cholesterol (70.7%, n=11 051).The score of 10?year risk for ICVD was (10.4±3.3) and the median (P25-P75) value of absolute risk was 15.6% (6.8%-32.7%). 16.7% (n=2 602) participants were under extremely high risk of 10?year risk for ICVD, 23.8% (n=3 714) under high?risk and 24.0% (n=3 746) under middle?risk. Among the total risk score of ICVD, age (49.1%), hypertension (17.7%) and diabetes (15.5%) accounted for relatively high proportion, however, smoking (11.0%) was the most important risk factor except for age (47.4%) and systolic blood pressure (20.5%) in male participants. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes aged 35 years old and above in two cities of Jiangsu Province have a high risk of developing ICVD for 10 years, especially in elderly, female, hypertension patients and male smokers.