Objective: To improve the accuracy of speech segmentation through the improved short-time fractal dimension. Methods: An equation was established for window size selection of speech analysis. Dynamic Window Step (DWS), a novel method to determine the sliding window steps adaptively in agreement with the local properties of signals, was proposed. Results: The influence of the window step on the short-time fractal dimension was discussed. Compared with fixed window steps, more accurate and efficient fractal dimension trajectories were obtained with dynamic window steps. Conclusion: The proposed method was applied to a number of speech signals. It shows promise in speech segmentation, speech recognition and other transient signal analysis.

Objective To determine if the cardiac index (CI) measured by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) through the mitral valve (MV) agrees with that measured by transesophageal echocardiography through the ascending aorta (AA).Methods Sixteen ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients (NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ),aged 18-70 kg,weighing 46-72 kg,undergoing mitral valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB),were studied.Total intravenous anesthesia was used for induction and maintenance of anesthesia.After tracheal intubation,the TEE probe was placed in the esophagus.CI was measured by transesophageal echocardiography through the MV (CIMV)and AA (CIAA) at 15,30 and 60 min after termination of CPB and recorded.All the data were compared by Bland-Altman analysis.Results CIMV values were significantly lower at each time point than CIAA values (P ＜0.01).The results of Bland-Altman comparison:CIMV 1.29-5.52 L· min-1 · m-2,mean was (2.6 ± 0.9)L·min-1·m-2,and CIAA 2.7-8.8 L·min-1·m-2,mean was (4.9± 1.7) L·min-1 ·m-2,bias was-2.3 L·min-1 ·m-2,and limit of agreement was-5.62-1.03 L· min-1 · m-2 resulting in r =-0.577,P ＜ 0.01.Conclusion CI values obtained through the MV agrees well with that measured through the AA using TEE in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement,but CIAA values are significantly higher than CIMV values,there is a large difference between them for clinical use,and both methods for CI measurement cannot replace each other.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for the assay of psoralen and isopsoralen in different effective extracts of Fructus Psoraleae. Methods HPLC was carried out on the column of Kromasil RP-C18. The mobile phase was methanol -water(65 ∶35). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the UV detection wavelength was 245 nm. Results Good linearity of psoralen was showed within the range of 10.5 ng～525 ng(r= 0.999 3)and isopsoralen within the range of 9 ng～450 ng (r= 0. 999 9). The content of psoralen and isopsoralen differed in different extractions of Fructus Psoraleae. Among them,the extract C (extracted by ethyl acetate ) contained the highest contents of psoralen and isopsoralen,while the contents of psoralen and isopsoralen were very low in the extract D (extracted by n-butyl alcohol) and E (supernatant of water extract). Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reproducible. The anti-asthma effect and the dose-effect relationship of the different effective extracts of Fructus Psoralea need further pharmacodynamics study.

Objective:To evaluate the combined effect of an trajectory log field based(LBF)and two commercial dose reconstruction systems on volume-modulated arc therapy(VMAT)dose verification of lung cancer.Methods:An in-house program was developed to introduce errors in trajectory log of TrueBeam to the origin plan and recalculate the dose of the error plan in treatment planning system(TPS). A total of 18 lung cancer cases treated by two-arc VMAT were selected to perform on LINAC and measured by ArcCheck simultaneously. Then, the reconstructed doses were obtained by 3DVH. The mode of reconstruction was calculated by LFB and Compass. Five of the 18 cases were performed on LINAC two times in four hours and measured by ArcCheck to evaluate the stability of the TrueBeam performance. The 18 plans were recalculated and performed on LINAC with a solid water phantom with 5 cm build-up, 4 cm back scattering thickness and a FC65-G detector in the center. The measured dose by detector was compared with the reconstructed dose by three systems.Results:TheTruebeam performance was stable. For all of the 18 cases, the point dose measured by FC65-G and reconstructed by three systems had a deviation of less than 2% to the TPS calculated. For all of the organs reconstructed by LBF and most organs reconstructed by 3DVH and Compass, the γ pass rate between them and TPS all exceeded 90% under all criteria, as well as the ArcCheck measured results. For all the organ dose difference between reconstructed and TPS, LBF system had the smallest difference, followed by the Compass system except the lung, and the 3DVH had the highest difference.Conclusions:LBF, 3DVH and Compass can reflect the VMAT dose verification results of lung cancer from different perspectives. The combined application of three systems can demonstrate the verification results in an intuitive manner, which is beneficial for subsequent analysis.

Objective To validate genetic suppression of metastastic capability of highly metastastic melanoma cells by endostatin transfection.Method pcDNA3.1-Endo eukaryotic expression vector contained insulin signal peptide sequence was transfected into highly metastatic mice melanoma cell strain B 16.The expression of endostain was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot experiment,melanoma cells were determined with adhere experiment,in vitro invasion and migration experiment and pulmonary metastasis experiment on C57BL/6 mice.Result Endostatin can obviously inhibit the capability of adherence,in vitro invasion and migration and pulmonary metastasis of melanoma cells.Among them,adhere inhibition ratio was 67.3%,in vitro invasion inhibition ratio was 48.4%,cell migration inhibition ratiowas 52.1%and pulmonary metastasis inhibition ratio was 67.3%.Conclusion Endostatin transfection can obviously inhibit the highly metastatie capability of melanoma cells.

ObjectiveTo study the characteristics of the distribution and drug resistance ofAcinetobacter baumannii, and the epidemiology of the main strains among wards and hospitals, and to investigate the role of outer membrane protein in producing resistance against carbapenems.Methods 145Acinetobacter baumannii strains were collected from July 2013 to July 2014 from Huangdao Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University and 401st Army Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out with K-B disk diffusion method. Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) was used for DNA typing and test of homology. The carO gene of outer membrane protein was amplified by PCR, and the outer membrane proteins were extracted by ultrasonication and ultracentrifuge method from 30 randomly selected carbapenem-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii and 17 carbapenem-sensitive strains. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to analyze the expressions of outer membrane proteins.Results 145Acinetobacter baumannii strains were generally resistant to 16 common antimicrobial agents, with the highest susceptibility rate of 79.3% for minocycline, followed by susceptibility rate of 40.7% for amikacin. There were 128 carbapenem-resistant strains (resistance rate of 88.3%), 137 multidrug-resistant strains and 126 extensively drug-resistant strains. The detection rates of carO gene were 97.7%(125/128)and 17.6%(3/17) in carbapenem-resistant and sensitive strains respectively. Around position of relative molecular mass 47 000, 16 of 17 sensitive isolates were expressed this protein, while 20 of 30 resistant ones were detected nothing or fade; 13 of 17 sensitive isolates were expressed around position of relative molecular mass 37 000 and 29 000 while 25 were detected nothing or fade around position of relative molecular mass 37 000 and 23 were detected nothing or fade around position of relative molecular mass 29 000 in 30 resistant ones. 145Acinetobacter baumannii were classified into 8 types based on ERIC-PCR electrophoresis patterns, and the major prevalence types were type A (71 strains) and type E (37 strains).Conclusions Drug resistance of clinically isolatedAcinetobacter baumannii is a serious problem in two hospitals; drug-resistant strains are spread and epidemic among wards and hospitals. The carO gene of outer membrane protein is widespread in carbapenem-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii. The loss or fading of outer membrane protein may play an important role inAcinetobacter baumannii resistance to carbapenems drugs.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the ability to persistently generate hepatocytes and biliary cells, and thus in the repair process of liver injury, replenish the reduced number of hepatocytes due to damage and participate in damaged liver structure.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on acute liver failure and the expression of CD163 and interleukin-10 in rat serum and liver tissue.
METHODS:D-galactose and lipopolysaccharidewere used to make acute liver failure models in 60 Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, the rats were divided into control group and transplantation group. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at passage 3 were injected through tail vein in the transplantation group, and normal saline was injected in the control group. After transplantation 24, 120, 168 hours, serum samples and liver tissues were col ected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After transplantation 120 and 168 hours, the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase activities of the transplantation were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). In the transplantation group the apoptotic index was stil lower compared with the control group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). The levels of CD163 and interleukin-10 in the serum and liver tissue in the transplantation group were decreased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05). The results suggested that there were highly significant correlations between CD163 and interleukin-10 (P<0.01). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation has a therapeutic effect on acute liver failure rats. CDl63 and interleukin-10 play a very important role in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure, which can be used as sensitive serum marker proteins for diagnosis and prognosis of acute liver failure.

Objective:To study the changing characteristics and impact factors of helical tomotherapy (HT)for longitudinal dose fall-off outside the target, in order to guide the plan junction or pretreatment target and implementation efficiency in clinical.Methods:Eight patients with head and neck tumors admitted to the Department of Oncology Radiotherapy of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in December 2019 were retrospectively selected as the research objects. The planning target area and dose drop structure were outlined in the head and neck images with a thickness of 1 mm obtained by Siemens SOMATOM Definition AS positioning computerized tomography (CT). Different field widths (FW, 5.0 cm/2.5 cm/1.0 cm) and pitches (0.430/0.287/0.215) were assembled for planning with the same modulation factor (1.8), finest does calculation grid (0.195 cm ×0.195 cm) and other planning parameters were consistent. The plans were designed by different parameters, and the result was analyzed by univariate analysis.Results:The that different pitch curves coincided under the same field width by comparative analyzing, so pitchs had no effect on dose drop. The different field width curves were independent of each other, indicating that the field width had an effect on dose drop in the head and foot direction. The relationship between the longitudinal dose drop speed outside the target and the change of the field width was inversely correlated: the larger field widths meant the slower dose fall-off and the larger penumbra, while the smaller field widths meant the faster fall-off and the smaller penumbra. When the dose fall-off to 50% of the prescribed dose, the distance from the target was approximately equal to half the field widths, and the pitchs had not affect the rate of dose-drop, while the dose at different distances from the target boundary could be calculated by the fitting formulas. The field widths and pitchs had little effect on the CI and HI index of the target, relatively, the target area was best when the field width was 2.5 cm. The total beam-on time gradually decreased with the increase of the field widths and pitches.Conclusions:When segment target therapy needs to consider planning junction, execution efficiency, and controlling longitudinal dose fall-off and considered the execution, the optimal planned parameters such as field widths and pitches could be selected or the target at the junction regions could be adducted according to the longitudinal dose drop formula, so as to achieve the ideal dose distribution.

Objective: To achieve quantitative analysis of image quality parameters and establish warning and action thresholds for the on-board imaging (OBI) system of linear accelerator. Methods: The Catphan604 phantom was repeatedly scanned in the Full-Fan and Half-Fan CBCT scanning modes on a Varian EDGE linear accelerator, and the software based on Python language development in-house was utilized to analyze image quality parameters, such as CT number linearity, geometric consistency, slice thickness, spatial resolution, uniformity and low-contrast resolution. The quantitative analysis results of each image quality parameter obtained from 16 times of scanning within 16 months were normalized to the mean and the standard deviations were recorded. A run chart analysis was created to determine the warnings and action thresholds. Results: The software built in-house can quantitatively analyze the image parameters of the two scanning modes of OBI system. The low-contrast resolution of Half-Fan was better than that of Full-Fan, whereas the spatial resolution of Full-Fan was superior to that of Half-Fan. One standard deviation (1σ) was set as the warning threshold and 2 standard deviations (2σ) as the action threshold, respectively. The tolerance level of Half-Fan was smaller than that of Full-Fan. Conclusion Self-developed software enables quantitative analysis of accelerator image quality parameters, establishes warning and action tolerance of quality assurance and provides guidance for image quality assurance under image-guided radiotherapy specification.

Objective:To explore the difference in the complexity of different treatment planning systems, multi-leaf collimator (MLC) types and treatment sites of volume-modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and propose a complexity score for plan quality control.Methods:Statistical analysis of 12 complexity metrics including Monaco and Eclipse, Agility, Millennium and High-definition MLC, nasopharyngeal, lung and cervical cancer was performed. Spearman correlation coefficient between complexity metrics was calculated. Principal component analysis was conducted to reduce the dimensionality of the original data set to the first two principal components and explain its physical meaning. Complexity score based on the principal components was calculated to establish warning and action thresholds for plan quality control. The correlation between complexity metrics and γ pass rate was analyzed.Results:Except cervical cancer aperture sub-regions metric, other metrics had significant differences between Monaco and Eclipse. Monaco MLC had a more regular field but higher MU, smaller leaf gap, and longer leaf travel distance. High-definition MLC with smaller leaf width significantly added MLC aperture-related metrics. The first two principal components explained over 80% of the total variance of the original dataset, complexity score was weighted average of first two principal components. The distribution of complexity score for different equipment and sites was different. The warning threshold was expressed as the average plus standard deviation, and the action threshold was expressed as the average plus 2 standard deviations. Complexity metrics and complexity scores had small correlation with γ pass rate, showing weak or irrelevant but statistically significant. Conclusions:Different planning systems, MLC types, and treatment site complexity metrics are significantly different. The complexity score is a useful tool for plan quality control.