ObjectiveTo explore alterations of serum levels and clinical significance of corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). MethodsA total of 55 subjects participated in this study: 29 healthy volunteers and 26 patients with FM recruited from Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2009 to October 2010.The depression rate was assessed by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17. ELISA was used for the detection of the serum levels of CRH, TRH and GnRH.Normal distribution quantitative data were described by the (-x) ± s and tested by independent sample t-test. Non-normal quantitative data were described by interquartile range and tested by independent Mann-Whitney.The diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of 3 kinds of hormones test were analyzed by receiver operator characteristic ( ROC ) curve, and the Spearman correlation was used for analysis of hormone levels and age, gender, tenderness, pain degree and depression severity.Results Compared with the control (70. 0(48.7,78.0) ng/L), the fibromyalgia patients had obviously increased CRH (271.9 (210.9,326.5) rg/L, x2 =6.408, P＜0. 01) , and significantly higher TRH ((82.7 ±6. 9 ) ng/L vs ( 87. 2 ± 6. 8 ) ng/L, t = 2. 560, P ＜ 0. 05, respectively) and GnRH ( ( 18. 2 ± 0. 9 ) ng/L vs ( 19. 9 ± 1.6)ng/L,t =5. 324, P ＜0. 01, respectively). The serum concentrations of the CRH, TRH and GnRH were positively correlated with pain intensity and numbers of tenderness respectively, and those of the CRH and GnRH were positively correlated with depressive degree either. The areas under the ROC curve in the CRH, TRH and GnRH, evaluating the sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of fibromyalgia, were respectively 1. 000, 0. 684 and 0. 854. ConclusionsThe FM patients had an increased secretion of CRH,TRH and GnRH. CRH might serve as the adjunctive criteria for the diagnosis of FM.

This paper summarizes the progress on anti -tumor effect and its mechanism of Noni over the past decade.Plenty of tests indicated that noni juice , juice extracts, leaf and root extracts have anti -tumor effects.It can inhibit tumor growth through inducing tumor cell apoptosis ,activating host immune system ,inhibi-tion of angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase ,anti -oxidation and blocking carcinogen -DNA adduct formation.This paper provides a reference for the adjuvant therapy of anticancer drugs and food form Noni .

Objective: To prepare dexketoprofen trometamol hydrogel patches, optimize the formula and evaluate in vitro transdermal properties.Methods: Dexketoprofen trometamol hydrogel patches were prepared with NP-800 as the hydrogel patch carrier, aluminum hydrochloride as the crosslinking agent, EDTA as the crosslinking modifier and glycerol as the moisturizing agent.The formula was screened by orthogonal design with the initial viscosity, holding force, peel strength and 12 h cumulative transdermal quantity as the evaluation indices to screen out the best formula.The transdermal absorption test was carried out with an improved Franz diffusion cells to compare the enhancement of Aznoe, oleic acid and menthanol on dexketoprofen trometamol hydrogel patches.Results: The best formula was as follows: the mass percentage of NP-800, glycerol, glycerol and EDTA was 5%, 0.3% , 25% and 0.15% , respectively.The transdermal enhancers had transdermal enhancement on dexketoprofen trometamol, and among them, 3% Azone had the most significant enhancement with the enhancing rate of 3.26.Conclusion: The preparation and formula of dextroxyprofen trometamol hydrogel patches are stable, reasonable and feasible.

Objective To improve the diagnostic rate of mammary ductal disease by galactography and mammoscopy.Methods 100 cases of the galactographic and mommoscopy materials were retrospectively analyzed.Results Tumorous diseases including intraductal papilloma,intraductal papillary carcinoma and ductal carcinoma,they accounted for 14%,intraductal papilloma and intraductal papillary carcinoma were the most in this group(12%).Non-tumorous diseases including mammary ductal ectasia with chronicmastitis,plasma cell mastitis,mammary cyst,lobular hyperplasia and cystic hyperplasia,they accounted for 71%,mammary ductal ectasia was the most in this group(42%).Conclusion The galactography and mammoscopy are very valuable in the diagnosis and differentiating diagnosis of mammary ductal diseases.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle stem and honeysuck-le from different sources in different harvest periods. Methods:A Waters C18 column(250 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm)was used. The mo-bile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 4% H3 PO4(10:90)with the flow rate of 1. 0 ml·min-1 . The detection wavelength was 327 nm and the column temperature was 30℃. An external standard method was established for the determination of chlorogenic acid in honey-suckle stem and honeysuckle in six different harvest periods from three sources. Results:There was a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 065-1. 300 μg for chlorogenic acid(r=0. 999 8). The content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle was the highest in Sep-tember and October. The content of chlorogenic acid in Lonicera acuminata was the highest among the honeysuckle stem from three dif-ferent sources. Conclusion:The content of chlorogenic acid in honeysuckle has a certain relationship with the harvest time,which can provide theoretical basis for the choice of harvest time for honeysuckle stem.

Objective To explore the influences of plumbagin on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in rats with carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis.Methods Forty male SD rats were assigned to control group,model group,2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group,with 10 rats in each group.Rats of the control group were injected with 0.9％ NaCl solution (2 mL/kg) intraperitoneally,while rats of the other three groups were injected with 60％ carbon tetrachloride/peanut oil (2 mL/kg,3 times a week for 6 weeks) intraperitoneally.Since the third week after modeling,rats of plumbagin treated groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of plumbagin at a dose of 2 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg (twice a week for 4 weeks),respectively.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),albumin (Alb) were monitored routinely.Hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin (LN) were measured by radioimmunoassay after 6 weeks; protein expression of liver PI3K,Akt and phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) were evaluated by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Comparison of means among groups was performed by univariate analysis of variance.Results The hepatic fibrosis model was successfully established after 6 weeks.Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA and LN of model group were significantly higher than those of control group (all P＜0.05).Serum levels of ALT,AST,HA and LN of 2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group were significantly lower than those of model group,and the differences were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The protein expressions of PI3K and Akt in each group were comparable (all P＞0.05).The p-Akt protein was mainly expressed in nucleus of hepatocytes.The levels of p-Akt protein in control group,model group,2 mg/kg plumbagin treated group and 3 mg/kg plumbagin treated group were 0.0821±0.0003,0.7374±0.0037,0.3679 ±0.0332 and 0.1327±0.0561,respectively,and that in model group was significantly higher than control group (t =851.302,P＜0.05),but those in plumbagin treated groups were both lower than model group (t=71.858 and 28.363,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Plumbagin presents anti-fibrotic effects in the liver,by down-regulating the expression of p-Akt during the development of fibrosis,which might be one of the antifibrotic mechanisms.

Objective To explore lipoxinA4 (LXA4) expression in maternal serum of pregnant women and the protective effect and mechanism of LXA4 on trophoblastic cells from oxidative injury. Methods Trophoblastic cells were randomized into six groups: Control group; Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) group, cells were stimulated by 10 μg/ml LPS for 24 h; Intervention group, cells stimulated by LPS were treated with 100 nmol/L LXA4 for 24 h; LXA4 group, cells were treated with 100 nmol/L LXA4 for 24 h; Antagonistic group, cells stimulated by LPS were treated with 100 nmol/L LXA4 plus 100 μmol/L N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-2-pyrrolidine (BOC-2) for 24 h; BOC-2 group, trophoblastic cells stimulated by LPS were treated with 100 μmol/L BOC-2 for 24 h. The serum concentration of LXA4 in normal group and preeclampsia group was detected by ELISA. The intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) as a fluorescent probe. SOD mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR. SOD and Nrf2 protein expressions were analyzed by Western blot. The levels of SOD in trophoblastic cells were detected by using detection kit. Results (1) The serum concentration of LXA4 was significantly lower in preeclampsia group (165.53±18.89) pg/L than in the control [(545.67±30.91) pg/L, P<0.01]. (2) Compared with control group, the levels of ROS in LPS group were significantly higher, DCF density of trophoblastic cells increased from 53.00±3.08 to 77.00±5.83 (P<0.01). The expression of nuclear Nrf2 protein, SOD mRNA and protein in LPS group were obviously decreased (P<0.01). The levels of SOD in LPS group were also significantly lower (P<0.01). (3) Compared with LPS group, the levels of ROS in intervention group were significantly lower, DCF density of trophoblastic cells decreased from 77.00±5.83 to 62.00±3.39 (P<0.01). The expression of nuclear Nrf2 protein, SOD mRNA in intervention group were obviously increased (P<0.01), so did the SOD protein expression (P<0.05). The levels of SOD were significantly increased from (4.77±0.34) U/ml to (8.93±0.53) U/ml (P<0.01). (4) The levels of SOD in antagonistic group were lower than in intervention group, but still higher than LPS group. [(6.23±0.41) U/ml vs (8.93±0.53) U/ml (P<0.01) or (4.77±0.34) U/ml (P<0.01)]. No significant difference was found in the levels of SOD between BOC-2 and LPS group (P>0.05). Conclusions LXA4 can significantly reduce the oxidative stress of placental trophoblastic cells stimulated by LPS. LXA4 can bind to lipoxin receptors and activate Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway playing a protective effect. So LXA4 in pregnant women can affect the oxidative stress of placenta.

Objective Linkage analysis were performed in 2 pure Chinese paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia families to localize the locus of them. Method Microsatellites markers corresponding to pericentrometric region of chromosome 16 were used in parametric and nonparametrie linkage analysis for 27 members in the 2 pedigrees, haplotypes were constructed subsequently. Result The maximum LOD score and NPL score in the 2 families were all negative, P values were significantly larger than 0.05.No haplotype segregated with PKD phenotype was found. It showed no evidence of association with known PKD loci in both pedigrees, providing evidence for a novel PKD locus. Conclusion PKD is heterogeneous, a novel PKD locus may be in pure Chinese pedigrees.

ObjectiveTo dynamically observe the effects ofJieduan Niwan Formula on mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) rats; To further reveal the possible mechanism ofJieduan Niwan Formula.MethodsSPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group andJieduan Niwan group. 13-week porcine serum injection followed withD-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide joint acute attack was used to established ACLF model in all rats except for normal group. Rats inJieduan Niwangroup were orally givenJieduan NiwanFormula for 3 days before acute attack. Rats were sacrificed respectively at 4, 8 and 12 h after models were established. The expressions of Bid, Cytochrome C (Cyt C) and hepatocyte ultrastructure were detected by Western blot method, immunohistochemical analysis and transmission electron microscope, respectively.Results Compared with normal group, the levels of Cyt C and Bid in model group increased at 4 h and peaked at 8 h but decreased at 12 h (P<0.05); however, the levels of Cyt C and Bid inJieduan Niwan group were lower than those in model group at 4 and 8 h but higher at 12 h (P<0.05). The ultrastructures were significantly damaged in model rats, which severity was escalated through time; inJieduan Niwan group, the degree of injury decreased at each timing.ConclusionJieduan NiwanFormula can efficiently alleviate the hepatocyte damage in ACLF rats, and the mechanism might be involved in the inhibition of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

BACKGROUND:Tougu Xiaotong Capsule (TGXTC) is a clinical prescription for the treatment of osteoarthritis;however, its mechanism has not been ful y elucidated. Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) system participating in the degradation of the extracel ular matrix of articular cartilage and hyperplasia of joint synovium plays an important role in the pathological process of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of TGXTC medicated serum on the expression of uPA, uPA receptor (uPAR), plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAIs), matrix metal oproteinase-3 (MMP-3), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in osteoarthritis synovial cel s of rats and to discuss the mechanism by TGXTC medicated serum prevents and cures osteoarthritis. METHODS:Rat models with knee osteoarthritis were established by injecting 4%papain into the knee joint cavity. Primary synoviocytes and osteoarthritis synoviocytes were cultured with col agenase digestion method. The cultured synoviocytes were divided into normal group, model group and TGXTC group. The western blot method was adopted to detect uPA, uPAR, PAI, MMP-3, IL-1βand TNF-αprotein expression of synoviocytes after acting by TGXTC medicated serum for 72 hours. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-3, IL-1βand TNF-αwere decreased, while PAI was increased in the TGXTC group, and there were significant differences when compared with model group. In a word, TGXTC can significantly inhibit the expression of uPA, uPAR, MMP-3, IL-1β, TNF-α, and improve PAI expression in synoviocytes, which may partly explain the mechanism of the treatment of Tougu Xiaotong Capsule on osteoarthritis.