Objectives: To clarify the antiarrhythmia mechanism of matrine by observing its effects on intracellular calcium concentration in cultured myocardial cells of SD rats. Methods: Myocardial cells of newborn(sucking) rats were fed with culture medium supplemented with verapamil、 potassium chloride and different dose of matrine, respectively. By means of the image analysis system, intensity changes of intracellular calcium were determined with the fluorescent probe to estimate indirectly inward calcium influx under the influence of matrine. Results: It was found that high potassium caused an increase in fluorescent intensity of intracellular calcium which could be inhibited by matrine. Conclusion: It is suggested that matrine may be a kind of calcium antagonium producing its antiarrhythmic action.

In the progress of the new healthcare reform, China has carried out a series of reform exploration in the drug distribution system.But fluctuating markups of drugs are still the main cause of high drug price.In order to simplify the distribution procedure, the National Health and Family Planning Commission proposed to encourage the implementation of two-receipt system nationwide.As the important part of the price system of drug circulation, drug distribution system made a great impact on the implementation of two-receipt system policy.Focusing on two provinces namely Fujian and Shaanxi provinces, this paper will discuss the typical drug distribution system in china.This paper has evaluated the main body and operation pattern in the implementation of two-receipt system, and by analyzing the benefits and drawbacks, in the same provinces.It has put forward the optimized distribution mode and provided policy suggestions for strengthening the two-receipt distribution system.

To summarize current pathogenesis theories of diabetic nephropathy,focusing on kidney theory,spleen theory,collateral disease theory,toxicity injuring kidney meridian collaterals theory and micro-zhengjia theory.As for the study development,new research idea has been put forwards which highlights basic TCM syndrome study,clinical trial and experimental study,as it will improve the research works in this field.

DY-1 suspending rescue seat on helicopter is a helicopter-equipped apparatus which is used to rescue flight personnel forced to parachute or landing,or other individual disasters. The thesis briefly introduces the seal s working principle,performances and some experimenting results. It errphasizes on recounting the structure and the condition at operation of the active arm's locking mechanism of the rescue seat's peron fixed ring.

It expounded the important position of physique in etiology and process of disease,investigated essence and application of physique in disease control,revealed the classifi cation of physique in three yin three yang.Also it expounded the signif icance of diagnosis of disease in TCM theory and clinical therapy,then revealed basic pathogenesis of diabetes:damaged yin and qi due to inner heat.Then it discussed the syndrome differentiation in the TCM treatment and suggested that it should combine with physique differentiation and diagnosis of disease.At last it expounded the trinity of physique differentiation,diagnosis of disease and syndrome differentiation in treating diabetes and its complication.

In 2015 , policy reforms on centralized drug purchasing system have been released one by one , and the quality of medicines has been highly valued .Centralized drug purchasing system distinguishes different qualities of drugs mainly through bidding grouping , in order to achieve “uality priority”.However , there are yet some existing problems in group bidding policy at present , such as lack of a unified hierarchy , no scientific indicators and so on , which inevitably weaken the leading role of centralized purchasing policy over the quality of medicines .This paper , focuses on the study of group bidding , and the existing main problems are found through the statistical analysis of rel-evant policies introduced in different provinces .Finally, it explores some optimization strategies for “Group Bidding”which is of paramount importance .

Being introduced in Korean peninsula, Chinese medicine, which is called Korean medicine in Korea, has caused great influence in Korean ethnomedicine, culture and living.Korean medicine takes an important part in Korean medical education and medical treatment. This paper introduces the origin of Korean medicine, the current mode and feature of Korean medicine education, as well as the overview and characteristic of Korean Hospital Affiliated Qing Xi University and Korean Hospital Affiliated Daejeon University. The mode of Korean medical education and hospital can offer reference for Chinese medicine education.

Objective To investigate the effect of Intedeukin-18 (IL-18) on Th1/Th2 balance and its antitumor mechanism in C57BL/6 mice Lewis lung cancer model. Methods 24 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three equal groups: group A(IL-18 injec-tion group, n = 8), group B (Lewis lung cancer model, n = 8) and group C (normal control group, n = 8). The Lewis lung cancer cells were cultured and implanted subcutaneously into the group A and group B. IL-18 and NS were given to group A and B respectively by intrap-eritoneal injection on the 7th day (once every day, 7 times altogether), but group C was not given any treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosor-bent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the Th1/Th2 cytokines. Health status in all the animals was evaluated; the volume and weight ofsubcutaneous tumors were measured. Results The concentration of IFN-γ in group A and C were significantly higher than those in group B (P <0.05), and the concentration of IL-4 in group A and C were significantly lower than those in group B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between group A and C (P>0.05). The tumor growth inhibitory rate was 75%. Conclusion IL-18 can effectively induced IFN-γ and inhibit IL-4 production, regulate Th1/Th2 balance in the C57BL/6 mice Lewis lung cancer model, and elicit the antitu-mor immunity of the host, which could obviously inhibit the growth of tumor cells and decelerate the proliferation of tumor cells.

Objective To evaluate the effects of OPRM1All8G and CYP3A4*18B genetic polymorphism and the interaction on postoperative analgesia with fentanyl in the patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer.Methods One hundred and thirty-nine patients (native of Henan province),aged 40-64 yr,weighing 40-70 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia,were enrolled in this study.The polymorphic sites of the OPRM1All8G and CYP3A4*18B allele were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction technique and ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer.The patients were divided into wild homozygote group (group AA,group *1/*1),heterozygote group (group AG,group * 1/*18B) and mutation homozygote group (group GG,group *18B/*1SB) according to their genotypes.The patients were divided into 7 groups according to the interaction between the two genes:AA plus *1/*1 group (group Ⅰ),AA plus *1/*18B group (group Ⅱ),AG plus *1/*1 group (group Ⅲ),AG plus *1/*18B group (group Ⅳ),GG plus * 1/*1 group (group Ⅴ),GG plus *1/*18B group (group Ⅵ) and *18B/*18B group (group Ⅶ).Patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia with fentanyl was started at the end of surgery to maintain the visual analogue scale ≤ 3 points.The amount of fentanyl used within 24 and 48 h after surgery was recorded,and the occurrence of adverse reactions within 48 h after surgery was observed.Results The amount of fentanyl used within 24 and 48 h after surgery was significantly higher in group GG than in group AA (P＜0.05).The amount of fentanyl used within 48 h after surgery was significantly lower in group *18B/*18B than in group *1/*1 (P＜0.05).The amount of fentanyl used within 48 h after surgery was significantly higher in Ⅱ and Ⅳ groups than in group Ⅰ,in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ,in group Ⅴ than in Ⅰ-Ⅳ groups,and in group Ⅵ than in Ⅱ and Ⅳ groups,and was significantly lower in group Ⅶ than in Ⅰ-Ⅵ groups (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions within 48 h after surgery between groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion OPRM1A1l8G and CYP3A4*18B genetic polymorphism and the interaction are the genetic factors contributing to individual variation in fentanyl pharmacodynamics in the patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effect of OPRM1A118G genetic polymorphism on postoperative analgesia with fentanyl in the patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer.Methods One hundred and seventy-four patients(native of He′nan province), aged 40-64 yr, weighing 40-70 kg, with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰor Ⅱ, undergoing elective radical resection of lung cancer under general anesthesia, were enrolled in this study.OPRM1A118G genetic polymorphic sites were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction technique and ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer.The patients were divided into wild homozygote group,heterozygote group and mutation homozygote group according to their genotypes.The analgesia pump was connected at the end of operation.Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia solution contained fentanyl 30 μg/kg and ondansetron 8 mg in 200 ml of normal saline.The analgesia pump was programmed to deliver a 2 ml bolus dose with a 15-min lockout interval and background infusion at a rate of 2 ml/h, maintaining the visual analogue scale score ≤3 points.The amount of fentanyl consumed within 24 and 48 h after operation was recorded, and the occurrence of adverse reactions was recorded within 48 h after operation.Results Compared with wild homozygote group, the amount of fentanyl consumed within 24 and 48 h after operation was significantly increased in mutation homozygote group(P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the amount of fentanyl consumed within 24 and 48 h after operation in heterozygote group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions between the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion OPRM1A118G genetic polymorphism is one of the genetic factors contributing to individual variation in fentanyl pharmacodynamics in the patients undergoing radical resection of lung cancer.