termined by serum cotinine determination.Effects of tobacco exposure on arterial elasticity in residents of poor areas in north China were more than those in urban residents.

Objective: To establish a method for determining the content of dracorhodin as an indicator in the quality control with methodological studies to provide basis for the preparation process study of Qilisan gel. Methods: An HPLC method was used with a DiamonsilR C18 (250 mm ×4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column, the detection wavelength was set at 440 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Acetonitrile-0. 05 mol·L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (45 ∶ 55) was used as the mobile phase, and the flow rate was l. 0 ml·min-1 . Results: The content of dracorhodin was in a good linear relationship (r =0. 999 6) within the range of 1. 632-64. 250 μg·ml-1 , and the average recovery was 99. 02%(RSD =0. 77%, n =6). The number of theoretical plates was calculated as 7 100 according to the dracorhodin perchlorate peak without any interference from the negative sample. Conclusion: The method is objective, accurate and sensitive with high reliability, easy operation and fast process. The measurement results can be used as the quality control basis for the preparation process study of Qilisan gel.

Objective To explore the role of ERK1/2 protein in development of myocardial hypertrophy.Methods Myocardial cells were isolated from ventricles of 1～3-day-old neonate rats and purifed by a culture method.Neonate rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses were assayed by measuring protein content,protein synthesis rate and cell surface area.Expression of protein ERK1/2 were detected by Western blot.Results Cell protein content,~3H-leucine(~3 H-Leu)incorporation and cell surface area increased by treating of cardiomyocytes with T(10~(-10)～10~(-6) mol/L)for 24 h.The maxium effect was observed at the concentration of 10~(-8) mol/L.The increase of cell protein content induced by T was inhibited by pretreating with flutamide(10~(-5) mol/L)for 2 h,while there was no effect on cardiomyocytes pretreating with flutamide alone.The increase of ~3H-Leu incorporation induced by T was blocked by PD98059(50 μmol/L).Expression of ERK1/2 was upregulated significantly by treating with testoster one for 24 h at the level of 10~(-8) mol/L.The increased expression of ERK1/2 induced by T was reversed by pretreating with flutamide(10~(-5) mol/L)for 2 h.Conclusion T with physio-concentration may induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and this effect was possibly mediated through the activation of ERK1/2 signalling.During this procession,T upregulated the protein expression of ERK1/2 mediated by androgen receptor.

Objective To explore the role of proton MR spectroscopic imaging(1H-MRSI)and diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)in the diagnosis of adrenoleukodystrophy and to demonstrate the involvement of fibers by using the technique of DTT.Methods 1H-MRSI,DTI and routine imaging examinations were performed in 6 patients with ALD.The values of NAA,Cho,Cr,ADC,and FA were evaluated in different regions of lesion.The involved fibers were demonstrated by using the technique of DTT.Results The ratios of NAA/Cr(0.55±0.19)and NAA/Cho(0.22±0.11)were lower(F=7.693,7.751),and Cho/Cr(2.54±0.37)was higher(F=6.348)in the initial lesions,where higher ADC values(1.49±0.36,F=5.226)and the lowest FA values(0.21±0.08,F=5.139)were also observed(P＜0.05).The decreases of NAA/Cr(1.16±0.03)and NAA/Cho(0.45±0.17)in adjacent regions were more distinct than those of remote regions(t=1.769,1.842,P＜0.05).In the developing regions,the ADC values(0.89±0.03)were lower and the FA values(0.45±0.07)were the highest.There was negative correlation between NAA/Cho and ADC values(r=-0.71,P＜0.05),and there was positive correlation between NAA/Cho and FA values(r=0.31,P＜0.05).Discontinuations and fragments of fibres were observed in corpus callosum and pyramidal tract.Conclusions Combination of 1H-MRSI and DTI can offer a sensitive method for the early diagnosis and monitor the progress of white matter.DTT can be used to directly observe the involvement of fibers.

Objective:To analyze the potential therapeutic targets of Huangqin Tang in treatment of colorectal cancer(CRC)by network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques,and to clarify the related molecular mechanism.Methods:The active component and target dataset for Huangqin Tang were constructed based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP);the CRC-disease related target dataset was built by Databases such as GeneCards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM),and pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base(PharmGKB).Drug-disease target intersect,Huangqin Tang herbal formula network,and protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks were built by R software,Cytoscape software,and STRING Database;Gene Ontology(GO)functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)signaling pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by R software and Metascape platform;molecular docking validation was performed with AutoDock and PyMOL software to assess the ligand-receptor binding.Results:A total of 136 effective active components of Huangqin Tang were screened,and 242 potential targets were identified for treatment of CRC,including 18 core targets.Five core key targets closely related to CRC,identified through signaling pathway analysis,were protein kinase B1(AKT1),mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3),proto-oncogene FOS,tumor protein p53(TP53),and proto-oncogene MYC.The GO functional enrichment analysis results mainly involved various biological processes related to cellular stress responses.The KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis results showed that potential targets were highly enriched in the cancer pathway;further analysis on CRC core targets via KEGG signaling pathway revealed involvement primarily in pathways related to endocrine resistance,apoptosis,and epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(EGFR-TKI)resistance.The molecular docking results showed that the active components of Huangqin Tang,including quercetin,kaempferol,baicalein,7-methoxy-2-methyl isoflavone,and naringenin,were stably docked with AKT1,MAPK3,FOS,TP53,and MYC,and quercetin exhibited the best binding with AKT1.Conclusion:The active components of Huangqin Tang can treat CRC through multi-target and multi-pathway.The core ligand quercetin and AKT1 may exert the therapeutic effect in CRC by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)signaling pathways to influence the cell proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis processes.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of Taoren-Honghua herb pair (THP) on syndrome of bloodstasis based on the network pharmacology. Methods: We collected THP's compounds from traditional Chinese Medicinedatabases and input them into Pharm Mapper to get their potential targets, and collected the known targets of compoundsby Scifinder. Then we did KEGG-pathway analysis by DAVID database. Finally draw and analyze the network byCytoscape by information above. Results: Seventeen compounds of THP acquired 74 known targets, which was associatedwith four modules: improving the hemodynamics, anticoagulation, anti-inflammation, regulating apoptosis andproliferation. We also got 317 potential targets through PharmMapper and got 128 signaling pathway through pathwayenrichment including 39 disease-related pathways, 25 endocrine-related pathways, 11 immune-related pathways and soon. Conclusion: The four modules of the known target are exactly related to the four characteristics of the syndrome ofblood stasis. The potential targets and the 128 signal pathways involve a variety of pathophysiological processes of thesyndrome of blood stasis. These reflect the molecular mechanism of THP intervention in the syndrome of blood stasis

Objective To understand the cognition of patients with anxiety disorder and their inner experience and disease,and provide reference and basis for making more perfect health education. Methods A group of 38 patients with hospitalized anxiety were interviewed by collective focus interview. The interview was conducted by using the team skill training model to create a pleasant atmosphere. Results Five subjects of periods were identified, including the denial period of disease, the period of inner pain,the period of worrying about side effects of drugs,and the expectation period of disease cure. Conclusions The lack of awareness of disease and the desire for disease-related knowledge are very urgent. Through this study, we understand the psychological characteristics and needs of some patients with anxiety, and explore a set of patients who are suitable for anxiety of the mission model to provide some reference.