BACKGROUND:Healing time and plaster used in fixed position and fixed time are different between distal radius fractures and scaphoid fracture. When both fractures occur simultaneously, you cannot choose a fixed position and determine a fixed time. One-stage internal fixation for the distal radial fractures and scaphoid fractures simultaneously can obtain a good function. OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the effects of titanium locking compression plate and Herbert screw fixation for fresh unstable distal radial fractures with scaphoid fracture. METHODS:A total of 12 patients with fresh unstable distal radial fractures combined with scaphoid fracture were treated in the Shanxi Dayi Hospital from November 2011 to June 2014. Al cases received open reduction and locking compression plate fixation of the distal radius, open reduction of scaphoid fracture or percutaneous Herbert screw fixation. Fracture healing was observed during folow-up. At 6 months after treatment, wrist joint function was evaluated with modified McBride score. Range of motion of palmar flexion, dorsiflexion, ulnar deviation, radial deviation, pronation and supination and grip strength were measured. The distal radial shortening (difference in height of styloid process of radius and ulna), and angles of ulnar deviation and palmar tilt were measured with X-ray films. The data of healthy side and affected side were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) 12 cases were folowed up for 6-24 months. (2) The distal radius and scaphoid fractures healed. The healing time of distal radius was 6-12 weeks, with an average of seven weeks. Healing time of scaphoid fracture was 3-6 months, with an average of 4.2 months. (3) Wrist score was evaluated using modified McBride scoring criteria at 6 months after treatment. There were excelent in 5 cases, good in 6 cases, and average in 1 case, with the excelent and good rate of 92%. (4) No significant difference in range of motion of palmar flexion, dorsiflexion, ulnar deviation, radial deviation, pronation and supination and grip strength, angles of ulnar deviation and palmar tilt, difference in height of styloid process of radius and ulna and modified McBride score was detected between healthy side and affected side (P > 0.05). (5) The median nerve injury in two patients was recovered within 6 months after postoperative exploration decompression. No complications appeared, such as infection, dorsal muscle tendon irritation symptoms, carpal tunnel syndrome, and internal fixation failure. (6) These findings confirm that fresh unstable distal radial fractures with scaphoid fractures can be treated with open reduction of the distal radius and locking plate fixation, open reduction of scaphoid bone or percutaneous Herbert screw fixation, with reliable fixation, high fracture healing rate, and good wrist function recovery rate; the repair effect is satisfactory.

Currently all military hospitals attach great importance to the management of state-owned assets.However,there still exist some problems,such as weak management consciousness,irregular assets disposing and loose connections between management and accounting.The author ventures some measures to strengthen management consciousness,organization establishment,accounting procedures and monitoring mechanism.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the development of perioperative cardiovascular events in elderly patients.Methods Forty-eight patients of both sexes,aged 65-85 yr,with body mass index of 19.5-25.3 kg/m2,of American Society Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for elective abdomninal or lower limb surgery under general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups (n =24 each) using a random number table:general anesthesia group (group G) and dexmedetomidine plus general anesthesia group (group D).In group D,dexmedetomidine was intravenously infused in a loading dose of 0.25 μg/kg over 10 min and then continuously infused at 0.2 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of surgery.The equal volume of normal saline was intravenously infused instead in group G.At 1 day before surgery and 1 and 2 days after surgery,dynamic electrocardiogram was used to monitor heart rate variability including standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals,standard deviation of the average 5-min normal-to-normal intervals,and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals.The development of intraoperative cardiovascular events and requirement for vasoactive drugs were recorded,and the development of cardiovascular events within 2 days after surgery was also recorded.Results Compared with group G,standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals and standard deviation of the average 5-min normal-to-normal intervals at 1 and 2 days after surgery and root of the mean of the sum of the squares of differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals at 2 days after surgery were significantly increased,the total incidence of intraoperative cardiovascular events and requirement for vasoactive drugs were decreased,and the total incidence of cardiovascular events within 2 days after surgery was decreased in group D (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can reduce the development of perioperative cardiovascular events in elderly patients.

Objective To explore the relationship of stromal derived factor 1α (SDF-1α) and CD44variant isoforms (CD44v6) with progress of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(MNCs) and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from 24 cases of MM patients (14 cases of untreated and relapsed and 10 cases of stable MM patients) and 15 cases of subjects were investigated as potential SDF-1αand CD44v6 product. The level of SDF-1α and CD44v6 of the conditioned media from MM patients and subjects were analyzed by ELISA. Results The level of SDF-1α and CD44v6 from MNCs in untreated and relapsed MM patients [(7232.41 ± 2644.97) pg/ml and (34.34 ± 13.20) ng/ml] were significantly higher than stable MM patients [(2315.49 ± 748.29) pg/ml and (15.69 ± 5.28) ng/ml] (t =6.25, t= 7.82, P ＜0.05) and 15 subjects [(1149.52 ± 636.06) pg/ml and (4.85 ± 3.62) ng/ml] (t= 4.60, t = 7.61, P＜ 0.05). The level of SDF-1α in stable MM patients was different from healthy subjects (P ＜0.05), but the level of CD44v6 in stable MM patients was not different from controls. The level of SDF-1α and CD44v6 in stable MM patients were significantly higher than health subjects (t = 2.99, t= 4.87, P ＜0.05). The level of SDF-1α was also detected from BMSCs of MM patients. When human MM cell lines U266 were adhered to BMSCs of 9 untreated and relapsed MM patients,and added rhIL-6 to it, there was significant increase of SDF-1α, compared with BMSCs in subjects and MM patients. The expression level of SDF-lα was correlated with the level of CD44v6 (r =0.51, P =0.03). Conclusion The increase of SDF-1α (may be produced by myeloma cells and BMSCs) and CD44v6 (may be produced by myeloma cells) activity is associated with the progress or pathogenesis of MM, and may be involved with tumor invasion. The completion of these processes in vivo may need participation of myeloma cells, BMSCs, IL-6,SDF-lα and CD44v6.

Objective:To develop lipiodol-containing calcium alginate microspheres (LAMs) for embolization,and study the characterization for emoblization and the radiopacity. Methods:LAMs were prepared by dripping method. The preparation of LAMs was optimized by orthogonal experiment which involved effects of three factors (the volume ratio of lipiodol to the external aqueous solution,airflow rate,and the weight pushing the injector) at three levels on the responses to the size,polydisperse index and entrapment efficiency of LAMs. The morphology of LAMs was observed under microscope. The elasticity of LAMs was investigated by texture analyzer. The capability injected through catheter of LAMs was monitored by video spinning-drop tensionmeter. The radiopacity of LAMs was measured by X-ray imaging system after LAMs were injected into vas of a rat. Results:The optimal condition for preparation of LAMs was:the volume ratio of lipiodol to the external aqueous solution was 3∶ 10,airflow rate was 40 g/mL and the weight pushing the injector was 100 g. According to the optimized condition,LAMs were prepared and characterized. The mean diameter of LAMs was (493.9?42.6) ?m,the polydisperse index was 1.02 and the entrapment efficiency was (88.97?1.09)%. The LAMs were with round shape and smooth surface in view of photograph of microscope. The maximum average load was (1.09?0.18) N when LAMs were compressed to 60%. The LAMs were injected through catheter without much difficulty. The radiopacity of LAMs in rats was demonstrated to be visible under X-ray photography system. Conclusion:The radiopaque LAMs developed are suitable for the arterial embolization,with round shape,proper size,good elasticity,easy handling character and visible property under X-ray imaging. The radiopaque embolic agent is supposed to be useful for emoblization therapy.

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of single-port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) for chronic appendicitis.Methods Data of patients who had undergone either conventional threeport surgery (n =58) or SPLS (n =63) for chronic appendicitis between January 2010 and November 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.The short-term outcomes of these 2 operative modalities were compared.Results The overall satisfaction score of SPLS group was significantly higher than that of the three-port group (4.5 ±0.7) vs.(3.0 ±0.6),t =13.50,P =0.00,there was less frequent use of parenteral narcotics in SPLS patients (1.2 ± 0.5) vs.(2.1 ± 0.7) times,t =-8.25,P =0.00,length of operation time was the same in SPLS group (40 ± 10) vs.(37 ±9) minutes,t =1.94,P =0.055.There was not different in postoperative recovery (1.4 ± 0.6) vs.(1.6 ± 0.7) d,t =-1.82,P =0.072,nor different in perioperative complications and intraoperative blood loss between groups (12 ± 6) vs.(13 ± 6) ml,t =-1.50,P =0.137.Conclusions SPLS is both safe and feasible in the treatment of chronic appendicitis.

Objective To evaluate the bonding condition of hydroxyapatite (HA)/zirconia ( ZrO2 ) composite and bone interface and the ability of HA/ZrO2 in repair of bone defects.Methods Bone defect models were established in the lumbar vertebral body of 24 Beagle dogs and were implanted with HA/ZrO2 gradient composite (Group A ),HA/ZrO2 unilayer composite (Group B ),pure ZrO2 (Group C) and pure HA (Group D) successively.Dogs were sacrificed and lumbar vertebral specimens were harvested 6,12,16 weeks postoperatively and before the sacrifice at postoperative 6 and 12 weeks,the dogs were intramuscularly administered of quadracycline for fluorescence labeling.The interface bonding and repair of bone defects were observed through X-ray films,histomorphology and biomechanical test.Results The X-ray films displayed that the Group A achieved more formation of osteotylus and better repair of bone defects with the extension of the implantation period,followed by the Groups B and D and that the Group C had relatively worse results.Histomorphology study showed that the fluorescence labeling was enhanced gradually from 6 to 12 weeks in the Group A,with its growth from the edge of the implanted material to the inner part and its tight adhesion to the material,indicating active osteogenesis and massive bone formation.While the fluorescence labeling of the Groups B,C and D centered in the edge of implanted materials without presence in the material inner part.The mineralization rate of the four materials at 6 and 12 weeks had significant differences ( P ＜ 0.05).Synostosis rates at 6,12 and 16 weeks were the highest in the Group A,with the rate of up to (90.26 ±3.82) ％ at 16 weeks (P ＜0.05 ).Biomechanical test showed the maximum shear strengths at 6,12,16 weeks in the Group A were (2.64±0.16) MPa,(2.95 ±0.19) MPa and (3.45 ±0.23) MPa respectively (P＜0.05).Conclusion HA/ZrO2gradient biocomposite bonds well with the bone and possesses good repair ability for bone defects and hence is an ideal novel material for bone defect reconstruction.

Objective There are a few reports on rats with spontaneous congenital cataract in China .The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological changes of lens in rats with spontaneous congenital cataract . Methods 24 d, 1-year rats with cataract and microphthalmos cataract and normal rats (n=5) were selected as research objects .Their lens were observed by a slit lamp microscope and taken photos in front of them , followed by examination through light micrograph and transmission electron micros-copy. Results Rats with microphthalmos cataract showed narrowed palpebral fissure and broaden nucleus while rats with cataract showed normal palpebral fissure and narrowed nucleus .As for 24 d,1-year rats with microphthalmos cataract , the fibers of their lens showed derangement and vacuole-like degeneration by light microscope , in addition, the abnormal connection between fiber cells were observed by electron microscopy .As for 1-year normal rats , the fibers were in consistent structure and regular arrangement without cell ingredient . Conclusion The appearance and morphological changes of the lens in rats with spontaneous congenital cataracts are in consistence with the pathological changes of cataracts , which is appli-cable in further research on the pathogenesis of cataract .

Objective To explore the efficacy of simultaneous reconstruction of composite tissue defects in two adjacent metacarpophalangeal joints of hand by split the 2nd toes.Methods From December 2006 to December 2011,the second toe composite flap pedicled with the dorsalis pedis artery-first,second metatarsal dorsal artery-dorsal artery were designed,and split it into the second metatarsophalangeal joint composite flap pedicled with the dorsalis pedis artery-first dorsal metatarsal artery-tibial artery and the proximal interphalangeal joint composite flap pedicled with dorsalis pedis artery-second dorsal metatarsal arteryfibular dorsal artery.Then they were used to repair composite tissue defects in two adjacent metacarpophalangeal joints of hand at the same time after reconstruction.Results This group includes 14 metacarpophalangeal joints of 7 cases,twelve joints was successful,two joints of 1 case to give up because the first dorsal metatarsal artery variation.At 6-24 months follow-up study in 12 out of 14 cases showed that there was no joint degeneration in X-ray manifestation and the recovering of joint function was satisfying.According to the function evaluation standard of reconstraction of thrumb and finger issued by Hand Surgery Society Chinese Medical Association,the excellent and good rate was 83.3％.Conclusion It is feasible to reconstruct of composite tissue defects in two adjacent metacarpophalangeal joints of hand at the same time by split the 2nd toes,and can effectively improve the functions of injury metacarpophalangeal joint.

Objective To investigate the effect of carbachol on local gut inflammation during entetal resuscitation of rats with bum shock. Method Thirty-eight Wistar rats were subjected to 35%TBSA full thickness scald injury, and enteral fluid was infused into animal intestines via duodenal stomas 30 minutes post bum. The animals were randomly divided into four groups: no resuscitation (Control, n = 8), enteral resuscitation using either a glucose electrolyte solution (GES, n = 10) or GES plus carbachol (60 μg·kg-1,GES/CAR, n = 10), or carbachol alone (CAR, n = 10) .The volumeof GES infusion was based on the Parkland formula (4 ml· 1% TB-SA-1·Kg-1) - All animals were sacrificed 4 hours post bum, and specimens of jejunal tissue were collected to determine the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nitric oxide (NO), nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Serum assays for plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) activities were also performed. Results There were no statistical differences in the intestinal levels of NOS, NO, TNF-α and MPO, and plasma OAO activities, between the GES group and the control group. Compared to the GES group, the GES/CAR group showed significantly lowered levels of intestinal NOS (1.276 ±0.391 vs. 1.818 ±0.436, P＜0.05), NO (0.925 ±0.402 vs. 1.561 ±0.190, P ＜ 0.05, TNF-α (0.87±0.13 vs. 1.94±0.47, P ＜0.01) and MPO (0.465 ±0.092 vs. 0.832±0.214, P＜0.05),and reduction in plasma DAO activites (0.732±0.192 vs. 1.381 ±0.564, P ＜0.05). The CAR group also showed significantly lowered levels of intestinal NOS, NO, TNF-α and MPO and reduced plasma DAO activites, compared to the GES group. Conclusions Theses results suggest that carbachol significantly inhibits the release of proinflammatory mediator and attenuates local inflammation in gut during enteral fluid resuscitation of rats in rats with bum shock. We postulate that carbachol may exert its and-inflammatory effects via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.