Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility and value of transumbilical single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intra-operative ultrasonic knife for directly handling the cystic artery.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 23 1 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative ultrasonic knife for directly handling the cystic artery in our depart-ment from March 201 1 to December 2012.According to the required surgical approaches,the patients were divided into transumbilical single-port laparoscopic group (n=125,group A)and three-port laparoscopic group (n=106,group B).The two groups were compared in terms of operative time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative analgesia,postoperative food intake,length of postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications,as well as the performance of the ultrasonic knife in directly handling the cystic artery.Comparison of con-tinuous data between groups was made by t test,while comparison of categorical data was made by chi-square test.Results Group A had a significantly longer mean operative time than group B (20.21 ±1.86 min vs 18.43 ±1.37 min,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in mean intraoperative blood loss between groups A and B (23.23 ±6.25 ml vs 22.34 ±5.49 ml,P>0.05).Group A had sig-nificantly fewer patients who needed postoperative analgesia than group B (5 vs 21,P<0.05).The time to postoperative food intake showed no significant difference between groups A and B (6.56 ±1.23 h vs 6.67 ±1.45 h,P>0.05).The mean length of postoperative hospital stay was (2.98 ±0.23)d in group A,versus (3.02 ±0.18)d in group B (P>0.05).No indwelling drainage tube was used after opera-tion in either group.There were no postoperative bleeding,bile duct injury,bile leakage,incisional wound infection,and other complica-tions in the two groups.The ultrasonic knife had reliable hemostatic effect when directly sealing the cystic artery,without causing postopera-tive secondary bleeding.All patients were followed up for 2-12 months (mean,6.5 months);they recovered well without incisional herni-a,and the umbilical scar was not obvious,with relatively good cosmetic results.Conclusion Transumbilical single -port laparoscopic cholecystectomy has a comparable clinical effect to three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy,causing little trauma,postoperative pain,and scar,and it is suitable for patients with a high demand for incision appearance.Directly sealing the cystic artery with the ultrasonic knife can reduce bleeding due to careful separation of the cystic artery and shorten the operative time.Therefore,it is a safe,feasible surgical ap-proach and worthy of clinical application.

Objective:To explore the efficacy of single-plane bi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.Methods:The clinical data of 343 patients who underwent transperineal template prostate magnetic resonance-transrectal ultrasound (MRI-TRUS) cognitive fusion biopsy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed, with median age of [65.0(59.0, 72.0)] years, median body mass index (BMI) of [24.1(22.2, 25.6)]kg/m 2, median prostate volume (PV) of [41.7(29.1, 53.3)]ml, median PSA[6.9 (5.5, 8.4) ng/ml], median PSAD of[0.17(0.12, 0.22) ng/ml 2], and abnormal rate of digital rectal examination (DRE) [6.4%(22/343)]. All patients underwent initial biopsy and bi-parameter magnetic resonance imaging (bpMRI) examination before biopsy, and the images were interpreted using prostate image reporting and data system version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1). The detection rates of prostate cancer and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were compared between single-plane bpMRI and bpMRI. When PI-RADS≥3 score, MRI results were positive; when PI-RADS ≤2 score, MRI results were negative. Results:In the single-plane bpMRI group, 121 MRI results were negative and 222 were positive. Positive patients included 95 with PI-RADS 3 score, 94 with PI-RADS 4 score, and 33 with PI-RADS 5 score. In bpMRI group, 141 MRI results were negative and 202 were positive. Among the positive patients, 67 patients with PI-RADS 3 score, 102 patients with PI-RADS 4 score, and 33 patients with PI-RADS 5 score. The detection rates of single-plane bpMRI and bpMRI for prostate cancer were 22.3% (27/121) and 15.6% (22/141) in MRI negative cases[22.3% (27/121) and 15.6% (22/141), P=0.17], and PI-RADS scores with 3 points [35.8% (34/95) vs. 44.8% (30/67), P=0.25], 4 points [89.4% (84/94)vs. 90.2% (92/102), P=0.85] and 5 points [90.9% (30/33) vs. 93.9% (31/33), P=1.00] showed no significant difference in stratification. The detection rate of csPCa in the single-plane bpMRI group and bpMRI group was significantly different in the MRI negative cases [7.4% (9/121) and 2.1% (3/141), P=0.04]. PI-RADS scores with 3 points [22.1% (21/95) vs. 29.9% (20/67), P=0.27], 4 points [80.9% (76/94) vs. 79.4% (81/102), P=0.80] and 5 points [84.9% (28/33) vs. 90.9% (30/33), P=0.71] showed no significant difference in stratification. Conclusions:For those suspected of prostate cancer patients with PSA 4-10 ng/ml and PI-RADS score ≥3, single-plane bpMRI or bpMRI examination has the same efficacy in term of the detection rate of prostate cancer and csPCa.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of clinically significant prostate cancer (CsPCa) in patients with PI-RADS score 3.Methods:The data of 133 consecutive patients with the PI-RADS score 3 from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 4-needle transperineal targeted biopsy and 12-needle systematic prostate biopsy (SB). The overall age was 66 (60-72) years, and the overall PSA value was 8.22 (5.95-11.41) ng/ml. All patients underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and PI-RADS v2.0 score was 3. Patients were divided into two mutually exclusive groups: non CsPCa group and CsPCa group. The differences of lesion location, laterality, focality and sequence parameters of mpMRI between the two groups were compared, and multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of PI-RADS score 3 in patients with CsPCa.Results:Biopsy results showed 57 cases of prostate cancer, including 41 cases of CsPCa, and 76 cases of non-prostate cancer. The detection rate of prostate cancer was 46.62 %(57/133), and the detection rate of CsPCa was 30.83 %(41/133). There were 41 cases in CsPCa group and 92 cases in non CsPCa group. There was no significant difference between CsPCa group and non CsPCa group in age [66 (58-70) years vs. 66 (60-72) years], body mass index [24.22 (21.82-25.71) kg/m 2 vs. 23.71 (21.99-26.12) kg/m 2], PSA [9.39 (6.35-12.55) ng/ml vs. 7.67 (5.83-10.51) ng/ml], abnormal rate of rectal digital examination [21.95% (9/41) vs. 9.78% (9/92)] (all P > 0.05). There was significant difference in PSAD [0.40 (0.16-0.65) ng/ml 2 vs. 0.17 (0.12-0.24) ng/ml 2] ( P<0.05). In MRI, PI-RADS=3 lesions were mainly located in the transitional zone [46.62 %(62/133)]. In CsPCa group, MRI lesions were located in peripheral zone in 16 cases, transitional zone in 19 cases, and both areas in 6 cases. There were 16 cases on the right, 15 cases on the left and 10 cases on both sides. The lesions were diffused in 19 cases and localized in 22 cases. In the non CsPCa group, 41 lesions were located in the peripheral zone, 43 in the transitional zone, and 8 in both areas. There were 26 cases on the right, 35 cases on the left and 31 cases on both sides. The lesions were diffuse in 56 cases and localized in 36 cases. There was no significant difference in lesion location, side and diffusion degree between the two groups ( P> 0.05). Compared with the non CsPCa group, the positive rate of all MRI sequences in CsPCa group was higher (82.93% vs. 40.22%, P < 0.001), the positive rate of T2 weighted imaging (T2WI) was higher (92.68% vs. 75.00%, P = 0.018), the positive rate of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) was higher (90.24% vs. 56.52%, P < 0.001), the maximum diameter was larger[(0.67(0.30-1.19)mm vs. 0.48(0.20-0.62)mm, P < 0.001], and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was lower[0.70(0.61-0.87) vs. 1.10(0.86-1.50), P < 0.001]. Concurrently, PSAD and lesion ADC were important predictors of CsPCa in logistic regression model [mean 10 fold cross validation AUC: 0.78(95% CI 0.65-0.88)]. Conclusions:Most of the MRI lesions in patients with PI-RADS 3 were located in the transitional zone, and the MRI lesions in CsPCa were more obvious and diffusion limited. PSAD and ADC values are independent predictors for the diagnosis of CsPCa in patients with PI-RADS score 3, and the log 2PSAD-ADC prediction model is helpful to find CsPCa from patients with PI-RADS score 3 and protect patients from unnecessary biopsy.

Objective:To analyze the clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging of non-malignant patients assigned to Prostate Imaging Reporting And Data System (PI-RADS) 5 score.Methods:We performed a retrospective review of 289 patients who underwent magnetic resonance ultrasound targeted combined system biopsy with PI-RADS 5 lesions in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between May 2019 and July 2021. The median age 72 (66, 77)years, median body mass index 24.4(22.3, 27.1)kg/m 2, median prostate volume (PV) 37.39(29.39, 48.86) ml, median PSA 22.24(10.91, 62.69) ng/ml, and median PSAD 0.53(0.30, 1.52)ng/ml 2 were recorded. According to the biopsy pathological results, all patients were divided into benign lesion group and prostate cancer group. PSA, PSAD, PV, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared, and magnetic resonance imaging and clinical characteristics of patients with biopsy benign lesions were analyzed. Results:There were 11 cases (3.8%) with benign lesion and 278 cases (96.2%) with prostate cancer. The characters of 11 negative biopsy cases were displayed as follows: median age 69(66, 79)years, median body mass index 22.0(21.0, 25.5)kg/m 2, median PV 62.90(38.48, 71.96)ml, median PSA 5.55(2.99, 20.52)ng/ml, median PSAD 0.16(0.07, 0.24) ng/ml 2, median ADC 714.47(701.91, 801.26)×10 -6 mm 2/s, abnormal digital rectal and amination in 5 cases, smoking in 7 cases, and alcohol consumption in 4 cases. The median PV [62.90(38.48, 71.96) vs. 37.21(29.22, 47.82)ml, P<0.01], the PSA value [5.55(2.99, 20.52) vs. 23.53(11.14, 65.98)ng/ml, P<0.01], and the PSAD value [0.16(0.07, 0.24) vs. 0.58(0.31, 1.57)ng/ml 2, P<0.01] were significantly different between benign condition group and prostate carcinoma group. Benign condition group included 5 chronic prostatitis, 2 acute prostatitis (1 with focal adenocarcinoma), 2 granulomatous inflammation, and 2 tuberculous granulomatous inflammation. In 7 benign cases, PSA was less than 10 ng/ml, combined with frequent urination, urgency of urination and incontinence were founded. In 8 benign cases, the area of lesion was more than 50% of the total prostate area in the axial position and the imaging of magnetic resonance were diffused, with regular shape and uniform signal. The imaging of symmetrical distribution was in 6 cases. Conclusions:The benign condition with PI-RADS 5 lesions included chronic prostatitis, acute prostatitis, granulomatous inflammation and tuberculous granulomatous inflammation, among which prostatitis was the most common cause. The PSA value were less than 10 ng/ml in most benign cases, with symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency of urination and incontinence. The imaging of magnetic resonance were diffused, symmetrically distributed, with regular shape and uniform signal.

Objective:To study the regulatory effect of Wumen-Yiji powder on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) signal transduction system in intestine and hypothalamus of diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) model rats. Methods:Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group (10 rats) and diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome group (50 rats). The diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome group formed the diarrhea irritable bowel syndrome model after 2 weeks of senna leaf gavage and restraint stress. They were randomly divided into model group, deshute group (1.5 mg/kg), low, medium and high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San (6, 12, 24 g/kg), with 10 rats in each group. After continuous administration for 2 weeks, the contents of 5-HT in serum, colon and hypothalamus were detected by ELISA; HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of colon in each group. The protein and mRNA levels of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH-1), serotonin receptor 3 (5-HT3R), serotonin receptor 4 (5-HT4R), serotonin transporter (SERT) in colon and hypothalamus were detected by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. Results:Compared with the model group, the pathological morphology of colon in each treatment group was improved. Compared with the model group, the level of 5-HT in serum and colon significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the level of 5-HT in hypothalamus of rats in the low, medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly increased ( P<0.05). The expression of TPH-1, 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R protein significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and the expression of SERT protein in the medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly increased ( P<0.05). The expression of TPH-1, 5-HT3R and 5-HT4R protein in hypothalamus increased ( P<0.05), and the expression of SERT protein in the high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The mRNA levels of TPH-1 (4.778 ± 0.604, 3.278 ± 0.668, 1.670 ± 0.361 vs. 6.877 ± 0.148), 5-HT3R (3.807 ± 0.463, 2.697 ± 0.455, 1.132 ± 0.136 vs. 6.322 ± 0.778), 5-HT4R (4.521 ± 0.234, 2.801 ± 0.351, 1.331 ± 0.142 vs. 6.741 ± 0.293) in colon tissue of low, medium and high dose groups of Wumen-Yiji San decreased ( P<0.05). The level of 5-HT4R mRNA (0.616 ± 0.208, 0.726 ± 0.226 vs. 0.521 ± 0.062) increased ( P<0.05), and the level of SERT mRNA (1.563 ± 1.023 vs. 2.612 ± 1.035) in medium, high dose group of Wumen-Yiji San decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The result showed that Wumen-Yiji San could regulate the expression of 5-HT signaling system relating proteins and mRNA in the colon and hypothalamus of IBS-D rats within a certain dose range, so as to improve the symptoms of IBS-D.

Objective:To assess the changes of selenium nutrition of school-age children in Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) areas of Linzhou County, Lhasa City and Xietongmen County, Shigatse City in Tibet Autonomous Region (referred to as Tibet), and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the effectiveness of prevention and control measures.Methods:According to the historical condition of KBD, a total of 344 children's hair samples were collected to determine the content of selenium in Kazi (KBD area) and Jiangxia townships (non-KBD area) of Linzhou County in 2013 and 2021, Renqinze (KBD area) and Tongmen townships (non-KBD area) of Xietongmen County in 2015 and 2021.Results:Compared to 2013/2015, in 2021, the hair selenium level of children in the four townships increased ( P < 0.001). The selenium nutritional level of more than 90% of the children reached medium or above (hair selenium > 0.25 μg/g) in 2021. The hair selenium levels of girls in the two KBD areas (Kazi and Renqinze townships) were lower than those of boys ( Z = - 2.83, - 2.83, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The selenium nutrition level of school-age children in KBD areas in Linzhou and Xietongmen counties has increased rapidly in recent years. However, the selenium nutrition level of girls is significantly lower than that of boys. It is necessary to strengthen prevention, controlling and monitoring, and to further improve the dietary structure of school-age children through the joint efforts of families and schools, to increase the proportion of exogenous high selenium food intake.

By combing the application and funding situation of general， young scholar and regional scholar programs from National Natural Science Foundation of China（NSFC） in field of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in 2023， this paper summarizes the distribution of supporting units， application and funding hotspots， and the problems of application and funding projects in this discipline， in order to provide a reference for applicants and supporting organizations to understand the hotspot dynamics and reporting requirements of the discipline. In 2023， the discipline of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine received a total of 2 793 applications， and there were 1 254 applications for general programs， 1 278 applications for young scholar programs， and 261 applications for regional scholar programs. The amounts of project funding obtained by the three were 145， 164 and 35， respectively， and the funding rates were 11.56%， 12.83% and 13.41% in that order. From the situation of obtaining funding， the age distribution of the project leaders who obtained funding for the general， young scholar and regional scholar programs were mainly distributed in the age of 40-46， 30-34， 38-44 years， respectively. Within the supported programs， the Chinese medicine affiliations accounted for 55.52%. With respect to research subjects， the proportion of one single Chinese herbs， or monomers， or extracts accounted for 29.4%， but the proportion of Chinese herb pairs or prescriptions accounted for 47.1%. Research hotspots included ferroptosis， bile acid metabolism， macrophages， mitochondria， microglia， exosomes， intestinal flora， microecology and so on. The current research mainly focused on the common key problems of the advantageous diseases of Chinese and western integrative medicine， but still need to be improved in the basic theories of Chinese and western medicine and multidisciplinary cross-disciplinary research.

【Objective】 To analyze the composition of urinary calculi in Longnan, Gansu province, and the relationship between the composition and clinical characteristics of patients, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease. 【Methods】 The composition of 500 cases of urinary calculi hospitalized in our department during Apr. 2021 and Feb.2023 were analyzed using the infrared spectrum stone composition analyzer. The clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated and analyzed. 【Results】 The male-to-female ration of patients was 2.70∶1. Most patients aged 21 to 60 years (437, 87.4%). Most cases were ureteral calculi (72.8%), followed by renal calculi (22.2%), and bladder calculi (5.0%). There were 166 cases of calcium oxalate calculi, 293 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite calculi, 24 cases of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite + hydroxyl apatite calculi, 4 cases of calcium oxalate + calcium bicarbonate calculi, 7 cases of urate calculi, 6 cases of carbonated apatite + struvite calculi. Oxalate calculi were the most common in all age groups, and urate calculi were the most common in the 21 to 40 age group. Calcium oxalate calculi were most common in the ureter (127, 76.5%), significantly higher than in other sites (χ²=3.222, P=0.020). Calcium oxalate + calcium hydrogen phosphate calculi was the least common in the bladder, significantly different from the other parts (χ²=2.092, P=0.037). Magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate and/or calcium carbonate or calcium oxalate calculi were the most common in the kidney (50.0%), significantly different from the other parts (χ²=9.448, P=0.007). 【Conclusion】 In Longnan area, the incidence of urinary calculi is significantly higher in male than in female. Ureteral calculi are mainly composed of calcium oxalate + carbonated apatite and calcium oxalate. According to different risk factors, individual prevention programs should be developed.