Objective To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of Chlamydia,Mycoplsma,Neisseria gonorrhoeae,Trichomonas,Candida and Herpes simplex virus in patients with urogenital infections and study the relevant influential factors.Methods Genital secretions of the patients who were suspicious of non gonococcal urethritis(NGU)were collected as samples to detect and cultivated Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct),Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu),Mhominis(Mh),Neisseria gonorrhoeae(Ng),Candida(Cd),Trichomonies and the type 2 Herpes virus.At the same time,surveys with structured questionnaire were conducted.Results In the 977 detected patients,the rate of positive expression of Ct was 33.67%(329/977),Uu-16.1%(156/977),Mh-7.36%(72/977),N-2.56%(25/977),Cd-4.7%(46/977),Tv-2.87%(28/977),and HBS-2-0.72%(7/977).The rate of co-infections of two or more pathogens(mainly between Ct,Uu,Ng ang Cd)was 10.03(98/977).About 25.85% of the patients in the positive Ct and Uu group were infected without symptom.90% of NGU patients were sex active,aged 18～49 years and most of infections occurred in age group of 30～39 years.Positive rate of Ct,Uu and Cd was higher in females than in males.The infection rate due to ex-marital sexual contact was 65.30% among all the NGU patients.Conclusions(1)The Ct,Uu,Ng and Cd have a higher positive detection rate in the NGU patients in the STD clinic.(2)Co-infection with two or more pathogens are common in the NGU patients.(3)We should pay more attention to the patients with no symptoms.(4)Epidemics and transmission of NGU is largely related with a number of risk factors.

Objective To investigate the role of neuropeptide trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) in cocaine reward responses and the underlying mechanism.Methods Fifty SD rats were divided into 6 groups including Control group,Cocaine group,Cocaine + TFF3 (0.01 mg/kg) group,cocaine + TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg) group,cocaine + TFF3 (0.5 mg/kg) group and TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg) group,ip,n=7 ～ 9),and were treated with TFF3 / saline (ip),30 min later,rats were injected with cocaine (10 mg/kg ip) followed by 1 h hypedocomotion test.Immediately after behavioral test,rats (n=4～6) were decapitated and tissues of nucleus accumbens (NAc) were isolated and prepared for neurotransmitters analysis by HPLC; Another twenty one rats were divided into control and TFF3-treatment group,and the rats were trained with a modified 2-day cocaine CPP conditioning procedure.During cocaine CPP conditioning process,saline or TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg ip) was injected 30 min prior to cocaine injection (5 mg/kg ip).Results Systemic administration of TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg,ip) significantly increased the cocaine-induced locomotor activity (Total distance in 1 hour were (180±41) cm,(359±53) cm,(590±75) cm,(153±27) cm for Control,Vehicle + Cocaine,TFF3+Cocaine and TFF3+Vehicle groups respectively) and augmented cocaine rewarding effects in CPP(Post-training CPP score were (98± 18) s,(187±24) s for Vehicle + Cocaine,TFF3+Cocaine groups respectively).TFF3 (0.1 mg/kg ip) administration increased the dopamine concentration in the NAc induced by cocaine injection ((0.65±0.1) ng/ml,(1.24±0.14) ng/ml,(1.75±0.23) ng/ml,(0.74±0.21) ng/ml for Control,Cocaine,TFF3 + Cocaine and TFF3 + Vehicle groups respectively).Conclusion TFF3 is involved in regulation of behavioral response to cocaine,which is associated with the increasing of dopamine in the NAc.

Objective To study the function of cyclooxygenase 2(COX 2) and its specific inhibitor NS 398 on the cell growth and invasion ability of urothelial carcinoma cell line EJ. Methods The cox 2 cDNA was transfected into the urothelial carcinoma cell line EJ and a cell line EJ COX 2 which highly expressed cox 2 gene permanently was gained. The cell growth rate before and after transfection was observed. Then at various concentrations of NS 398, the invasion ability was detected by Boyden Chamber and expression levels of uPA by RT PCR and Western blot. Results The EJ COX 2 cell line grew more rapidly and had a stronger invasion ability than EJ and its uPA expression increased significantly. NS 398 could dose dependently inhibit the expressions of COX 2 and uPA and the invasiveness of EJ COX 2 cell. Conclusion COX 2 can stimulate the growth of urothelial cell line EJ and promote its invasion ability by stimulating the expression of uPA.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the condition of ESBLs produced by E.coli isolated from urinary tract and the drug resistance of ESBLs-producing E.coli.METHODS:The identification of bacteria was performed using ATB-Expression analysator(France);the susceptibility test was performed using K-B method,and ESBLs were detected using disc diffusion confirmatory test.RESULTS:The detection rate of ESBLs-producing E.coli was 31.8%.All(100%)of the 107 strains of ESBLs-producing E.coli were sensitive to imipenem,however,in which different degree of resistance to other antibiotics was noted.The resistance rate was significantly higher in ESBLs-producing strains than in non-ESBLs-producing strains.CON-CLUSION:In view of the high antibiotic resistance of ESBLs-producing E.coli,great importance should be attached to the detection of the ESBLs.Antibiotics should be used rationally based on the results of susceptibility test.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical performance of CAD/CAM zirconia all-ceramic restorations.Methods:287 all-ce-ramic Zirconia restorations in 206 patients were included in a 3-year prospectively survey with California Dental Association Standard (CDA)as a reference.The effects and the related factors such as restoration type,tooth region,fiber reinforced composite application on survival rate were analyzed.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Log-Rank test were used for data analysis.Results:Chipping frac-tures in 5 restorations,intense gingivitis at 4 restorations and periapical inflammation for 3 restorations were observed during the obser-vation period.The 3-year cumulative survival rate (CSR)of CAD/CAMzirconia restorations was 95.7%,The differences among the CSR of single crowns(96.3%),linked crowns (93.6%)and fixed partial dentures(95.7%)were not statistically significant(P >0.05).The difference was not statistically significant(P >0.05)between the CSR of the anterior region group(94.5%)and posterior region group(96.3%)as well as difference(P >0.05)between the CSR of fiber reinforced composite group (95.0%)and without fiber reinforced composite group(96.1%).Conclusion:The cumulative survival rate of CAD/CAM zirconia all-ceramic restorations is high.Chipping fracture is the main reason of failure.Restoration type,tooth region and fiber reinforced composite have no significant effect on the survival of zirconia restorations.

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on isoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.Methods Seventy-five male SD rats,aged 18-20 months,weighing 350-400 g,were randomly assigned into 5 groups(n =15 each):control group(group C),1.5％ isoflurane group(group Ⅰ),melatonin 5 mg/kg group(group M1),melatonin 10 mg/kg group(group M2)and melatonin 20 mg/kg group(group M3).Group G inhaled a gas mixture of oxygen and air for4 h and group 1 inhsled 1.5％ isoflurane for4 h.Melatonin 5,10 and 20 mg/kg(in normal saline containing 1％ DMSO)were injected intrsperitoneally at 15 min before anesthesia and 3 h after the beginning of anesthesia in groups M1,M2 and M3 respectively,and then the animals inhaled 1.5％ isoflurane for 4 h.At the end of anesthesia,5 rats in each group were chosen and blood samples were taken to perform arterial blood gas analysis and to detect the blood glucose level and expression of phosphorylated Tau(p-Tau)protein in hippocampus.Ten rats in each group were chosen at 14 d after the end of anesthesia and Morris water maze was performed 3 times a day for 5 consecutive days to assess the cognitive function.Then the animals were sacrificed and hippocampi were removed for detection of p-Tau expression by Western blot.Results There were no significant differences in the parameters of arterial blood gas analysis and blood glucose level among the 5 groups(P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group C,the escape latency at 3-5 d was significantly prolonged,the probe time was significantly shortened,and the expression of p-Tau protein was up-regulated in groups I and M1(P ＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the indexes mentioned above in groups M2 and M3 (P ＞0.05).Compared with groups 1 and M1,the escape latency at 2-5 d was significantly shortened,the probe lime was significantly prolonged,and the expression of p-Tau protein was down-regulated in groups M2 and M3 (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the indexes mentioned above between groups I and M1,and between groups M2 and M3(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Melatonin(10 and 20 mg/kg)can improve isoflurane anesthesia-induced cognitive dysfunclion in aged rats,which nay be related to inhibition of hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in hippocampus.

Objective To compare the influence of washing processed of banked suspended red blood cells (RBCs) by cell saver and the influence by zero-balanced ultrafiltration(Z-BUF) on the inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) in infants.Methods Sixty infants with ventricular septal defect (VSD) were randomly divided into a control group (group A,20 cases), group B(20 cases)and group C (20 cases).Banked suspended RBCs were washed by cell saver before priming in group B,in group C the banked suspended RBCs were treated with Z-BUF and in group C the banked suspended RBCs were primed directly without any pre-treatment.Samples of the arterial blood were obtained respectively before the start of the CPB (T1), when the CPB stopped(T2) ,2 h after CPB (T3), 12 h after CPB (T4) and 24 h after CPB (T5).The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 were detected and analyzed comparatively among 3 groups.Results The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 ,IL-10 in 3 groups at T2,T3 ,T4 showed a rising trend markedly,and the above four indicators of A,B and C at T4respectivelywere:(110.3±14.0) ×10-9g/L,(90.6±10.3) ×10-gg/L,(103.3±9.7) ×10-9g/L;(54.1 ± 6.5) ×10-9 g/L,(39.3±4.2) ×10-9 g/L, (46.2±5.7) ×10-9 g/L;(96.8 ±9.2) ×10-9 g/L, (82.5 ±6.5) × 10-9 g/L,(88.4±5.1) ×10-9 g/L;(228.4 ±42.9) ×10 9 g/L,(171.5 ±26.4) ×10-9 g/L,(202.9 ±42.8) × 10-9 g/L.The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 in group B and group C were significantly lower than those in group A at T2, T3 ,T4 and T5(all P ＜0.05) ,but there was no significant differences in the levels of IL-6 and IL-10 among 3 groups at T5;the levels ofTNF-α,IL-6,IL-8 ,IL-10 in group B were significantly lower than those in group C at T2,T3 and T4(all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Processing of banked suspended pre-RBCs with cell saver and Z-BUF can relieve systemic inflammatory response, and the effect of washing with cell saver is better compared with that of Z-BUF.

Objective To investigate the expression of gene Fmr1 in rats cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus areas after the rapid eyes movement ( REM ) sleep deprivation .Methods Using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM), 126 rats were randomly and averagely divided into three groups , the normal control group ( CC), the environmental control group (TC) and the sleep deprivation group (SD).Each group was detected on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 5, day 7, and day 9, and the sample tissues were extracted from 7 rats at each time point.Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were operated to analysis the expression of gene Fmr 1.Results The expressions of gene Fmr1 were increased gradually in the cortex and thalamus of the SD group after 3 days ( P <0.05 ) , and the expressions in the CC and TC groups had no significant difference (P >0.05).The expressions of gene Fmr1 were decreased gradually in hippocampus for SD after 3 days ( P <0.05 ) , and that in the CC and TC groups had no significant difference ( P >0.05 ) . Conclusion The expressions of gene Fmr 1 were increased gradually in the cortex and thalamus but decreased in the hippocampus in the SD group after 3 days.

Objective To evaluate the effects of combination of dexmedetomidine and mild hypothermia on global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in neonatal rats.Methods Ninety-six neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-7 days,weighing 18-22 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=24 each) using a random number table:I/R group,mild hypothermia group (group H),dexmedetomidine group (group D) and combination of dexmedetomidine and mild hypothermia group (group DH).Global cerebral ischemia was induced in rats anaesthetized with chloral hydrate by bilateral common carotid artery clamping (for 15 min) combined with hypotension followed by reperfusion.Dexmedetomidine 75 pg/kg was given intraperitoneally at 30 min before ischemia in D and DH groups,while the equal volume of normal saline was given in I/R and H groups.The temperature in the temporal muscle was maintained at 36.7-37.2℃ in I/R and D groups,and at 34.8-35.3℃ in H and DH groups.At 12,24 and 72 h of reperfusion,8 rats were randomly chosen in each group,and neurological deficit score (NDS) was determined.The animals were then sacrificed,and their brains were removed for determination of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (by spectrophotometry) and contents of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in brain tissues (using ELISA).Results Compared with I/R group,the NDS,MPO activity and contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly decreased in the other three groups.The NDS,MPO activity and contents of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly lower in DH group than in H or D group.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can optimize cerebral protection providedby mild hypothermia against global cerebral I/R injury through inhibiting inflammatory responses in brain tissues of neonatal rats.

The HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to profile the dynamics of abscisic acid (ABA) and ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) after cloning glycosyltransferase enzyme family gene AtUGT71C5 into Arabidopsis thaliana. By constructing over-expression lines (OE) and down-expression lines (DN), we acquired mutant strains to analyze the function of AtUGT71C5. The multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for quantitative determination in negative mode. The transition was m/z 263.1-153.0 for ABA ([M-H]t), m/z 425.1-263.0 for ABA-GE ([M-H]t), and m/z 321.0-152.0 for chloramphe-nicol. The linear range was 0.8684-217.1 ng/mL for ABA and 0.3920-196.0 ng/mL for ABA-GE. The accuracy was 88.0-109.0% for ABA and 86.6-113.0% for ABA-GE; the inter-day and intra-day precisions were less than 5.4%for ABA and 8.9%for ABA-GE, respectively. This method is simple and sensitive enough for determination of ABA and ABA-GE in A. thaliana leaves. All the evidence confirmed the speculation that AtUGT71C5 can mediate abscisic acid homeostasis.