Objective To evaluate the possible association among serum folate,polymorphisms related reduced folate carrier gene (RFC-1) AS0G,methionine synthase reductase gene (MTRR) A66G,and cervical cancer,and to provide clues for the etiology of cervical cancer.Methods Based on a hospital-based case-control study,107 cases diagnosed as cervical cancer pathematologically and 107 controls with hysteromyoma,were selected by frequency,matched with age and habitation.Serum folate concentration was detected by RIA and polymorphism RFC-1 A80G and MTRR A66G was examed by RFLP-PCR.Results Serum folate concentration in patient group [(1.86±0.60) ng/rml] was significantly lower than that in control group [(2.30 ± 1.14) ng/ml],and risk of cervical cancer increased with the decreased serum folate levels (x2trend =12.57,P =0.001).Risks to catch cervical cancer for women with RFC-1 80 GG were 2.42 times (95 ％ CI 1.01-5.81) as much as for those with RFC-1 80 AA,and 1.65 times (95 ％ CI 0.77-3.53) for those with RFC-1 80 AA and RFC-1 80 AG,risks to catch cervical cancer for women with MTRR 66 GG were 1.35 times (95 ％ CI 0.40-4.56) as much as for those with MTRR 66 AA and 1.26 times (95 ％ CI 0.38-4.16) for those with RFC-1 80 AA and RFC-1 80 AG.Conclusion Serum folate deficiency to a certain degree can increase the risk of cervical cancer.RFC-1 A80G mutation may be a risk factor for cervical cancer and homozygous (GG) gene may increase the susceptibility of cervical cancer.MTRR A66G gene mutation may have nothing to do with cervical cancer.

Objective To investigate the influences of imatinib on Survivin gene expression in bcr-abl-transformed leukemia cells.Methods Firstly,PCR and Western blot were carried out to detected Survivin expression with imatinib treatment in 32Dcl3 and 32D-bcr-abl cell lines.Then the luciferase reporter plasmids containing human Survivin promoter as well as its deletion and site-directed mutation were constructed to identify the essential responsive elements for suppressing Survivin promoter activity by imatinib.Chromatin immunoprecipitation was performed to confirm the binding of c-myc to Survivin promoter.10058-F4,a small molecule c-myc inhibitor,was used to disrupt c-myc activity and evaluate its anti-leukemic effect combined with imatinib.Results Both of mRNA and protein level of Survivin in bcr-abl-transformed cells were downregulated upon imatinib treatment.The decrease of Survivin expression was controlled at the transcriptional level through a mechanism in which imatinib repressed survivin promoter activity by disturbing the interaction between c-myc and E-box elements.Interruption of c-myc activity by 10058-F4 exerted an anti-leukemia effect with enhancing the sensibility of K562/G01 cells to imatinib.Conclusion Imatinib down-regulates Survivin expression through c-myc-mediated transcription and interference with c-myc might be a potential utility for treatment of imatinib resistant leukemia.

Objective To investigate the effect of midazolam on human sperm motility in vitro.Methods Sperm samples were obtained from normal adults and prepared with discontinuous percoll gradient centrifugation technique.The samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =10 each):control group and 2 midazolam groups.The samples were incubated with normal saline in control group and with midazolam with the final concentrations of 5 or 1 μg/ml in 2 midazolam groups.The samples were incubated for 60 min in an airtight container at 37 ℃.Then human sperm motility was examined in vitro at 37 ℃ and analyzed by the computer-assisted sperm analysis at 10,30 and 60 min exposure to midazolam,including sperm motility (a + b)％,curvilinear velocity,straight line velocity,average path velocity,amplitude of lateral head displacement,beat-cross frequency,linearity,wobble,straightness,and mean angular displacement.Results There was no significant difference in the parameters of human sperm motility within each group and between groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Midazolam has no significant effect on human sperm motility in vitro.

Objective To investigate the effect of melatonin on ketamine-induced apoptosis in hippocampal neurons of fetal rats.Methods Sixteen to eighteen day pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized.The fetal rats were obtained under sterile condition and decapitated.The hippocampal neurons were isolated and primary cultured for 5 days.The primary cultured neurons were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =6 each):control group (group C),ketamine group (group K),and 1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin groups (groups M1-3 respectively).Ketamine with the final concentration of 1 000 μmol/L was added to the culture medium and the neurons were incubated for 3 h in group K.In groups M1-3,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mmol/L melatonin were added to the culture medium,respectively,at 60 min before the addition of ketamine,and the neurons were incubated for 3 h.While the equal volume of normal saline was added instead in group C.The neuronal viability during the developmental phase was assessed by MTT assay.The mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψm) was measured by flow cytometry.The expression of cAMP response element binding protein phosphorylation (p-CREB (Ser133)),Bcl-2,Bax,and cytochrome C was detected by Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the neuronal viability and Ψm were significantly decreased,and the expression of p-CREB and Bcl-2 was down-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was up-regulated in group K (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group K,Ψm was significantly increased in groups M2 and M3,and the neuronal viability was significantly increased,the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated,while the expression of Bax and cytochrome C was down-regulated in groups M1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Melatonin can protect the hippocampal neurons of fetal rats from apoptosis triggered by ketamine via regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax,stabilizing Ψm,inhibiting the release of cytochrome C from mitoehondria,and preventing apoptosome formation.

Objective To investigate the change of plasma vitamin D, A and E levels in infant with infantile hepatitis syndrome (IHS) and to provide reliable basis for clinical treatment. Methods Seventy-three infant with IHS (IHS group) from January 2015 to May 2016 and 82 cases of physical examination infant (control group) were enrolled in this study.The levels of plasma vitamin D, A and E were tested and compared between two groups. Results The levels of vitamin D, A and E in IHS group were significantly lower than those in control group:(37.871 ± 20.111) nmol/L vs. (97.708 ± 28.827) nmol/L, (1.082 ± 0.657)μmol/L vs. (1.810 ± 0.517)μmol/L, (21.252 ± 7.596)μmol/L vs. (26.647 ± 6.495)μmol/L, P<0.01 or <0.05. The nutritional status of vitamin D, A and E in two groups had significant differences (P<0.01). Conclusions There have obvious deficiency in fat-soluble vitamin D, A and E in infant with HIS , and vitamin D deficiency is the most obvious. The levels of vitamin D, A and E are the dynamic monitoring indicators of treatment, nutritional status evaluation and long-term complications development.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and trend of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in children with gastrointestinal symptoms in Kunming area, and to provide basis for prevention and cure. Methods All of 12 932 cases with gastrointestinal symptoms were adopted by retrospective analysis method from January 2013 to December 2016, and HP infection was detected by 13C-urea breath test (13C-UBT). The epidemioloqical characteristics of children with HP infection in including prevalence trend and gender and age HP were statistically analyzed. Results The rates of HP from January 2013 to December 2016 were respectively 17.85%, 18.26%, 20.41% and 32.93%.The rate of HP positive was 24.08%(3 114/12 932), which was 24.82%(1 706/6 874) in boys and 23.24%(1 408/6 058) in girls. The rate of HP infection was significantly higher in boys than that in girls, and there was statistical differences (P＜0.05). The rate of HP infection showed a gradual upward trend with age. There was statistical differences in gender between age 11 and 14[(29.03% (349/1 202) vs. 22.62% (190/840)] (P＜0.05). Conclusions HP infection rate is high in the children with gastrointestinal symptoms in Kunming, and the rate of HP infection in children is related with gender .The rate of HP infection is significantly higher in boys than that in girls, and the positive rate is directly proportional.

Objective To investigate the relationship between folate in serum,red blood cell (RBC),cervix cancerization,as well as the interaction between folate deficiency and HPV16 infection in cervix cancerization.Methods 254 samples were selected from the patients who were newly pathologically diagnosed of having cervix inflammation (CI),low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN Ⅰ),high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ) and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).PCR and microbiological assay were adopted to detect HPV infection and folate concentration.Results Rates of HPV16 infection increased with the severity of cervix cancerization (tend:x2=34.96,P＜0.001),while decreased with concentrations of serum and RBC folate (tend:x2=42.17,P＜0.001; tend:x2=31.39,P＜0.001).There was a positive correlation between serum and RBC folate (r=0.405,P＜0.001).Data from grouping analysis showed that OR and aOR of serum and RBC folate appeared a rising trend,with statistical significance in CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲand SCC,but did not show the same trend in CIN Ⅰ.Results from interaction analysis showed that serum folate deficiency had an additive interaction with HPV16 infection in CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and SCC,while RBC folate having an additive interaction with HPV16 infection in the whole process of cervix cancerization.Conclusion Both serum and RBC folate deficiency could increase the risk of cervix cancerization,and folate deficiency might have a synergic action with HPV 16 in this procession.

Objective:To confirm the reuse of mismatched regenerated motor axons of brachial plexus and explore the effect of target organs on their regeneration in a rat model.Methods:This study was carried out between January 2021 and December 2021 at the research laboratory of the Department of Microsurgery, Orthopaedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Animals were randomly assigned into 2 groups, as a regeneration group (RGen) with 5 subgroups and a reuse group (RUs) with 3 subgroups. There were 6 rats per subgroup with 42 rats in total. It was observed that in the groups of RGen1-4, after the transection and suture of the musculocutaneous nerve, the motor axons of the proximal end could accurately grow into the distal corresponding endoneural tube. It was also observed that in the mismatched regenerated group, motor axons were the axons that grew into the endoneurial tube of the lateral forearm cutaneous nerve (LFCN), and other non-target organ contacts were made to the regenerated nerves after mismatch. It was specifically further divided into RGen1, the group without an organ for nerve to make contact with; RGen2, the group with skin as the target organ with nerves contact by neurorrhaphy; RGen3, the group with skin as the target organ with originally reserved natural nerve contact; RGen4, the group with muscle as the target organ with nerves contact by neurorrhaphy and RGen5, a control group. After 8 weeks, the positive area (PA), mean density (MD) and integral optical density (IOD) were measured, with AChE and ChAT fluorescence staining of the medial branch of LFCN, to evaluate the regenerated nerves after mismatch. Of the RUs group, firstly, the innervating branches of the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) were dissected and exposed, then further assigned according to initially innervated FCR (RUs1), contacted with regenerated nerves after mismatch (RUs2) and denervated (RUs3), respectively. After 8 weeks, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and wet weight ratio of FCR were taken. Masson staining of FCR was also performed to evaluate muscle reinnervation by the regenerated nerves after mismatch. Data analysis with One-Way ANOVA and Bonferroni 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.Results:In the RGen groups, after AChE staining, the PA, MD and IOD of RGen3 and RGen4 were higher than that of RGen1 and RGen5, and PA of RGen4 were higher than that of RGen2, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). After ChAT staining, the values of PA and IOD of RGen3 and RGen4 were higher than that of RGen1 and RGen5, and PA of RGen4 were higher than that of RGen2, with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). In the RUs, electrophysiological assessment showed that no CMAP was observed in RUs3, there was no significant difference in Latency of RUs1 and RUs2. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Wet weight rate of muscle of RUs1 (98.91%±3.86%) was higher than that of RUs3 (86.67%±4.68%) with a statistically significant difference ( P<0.01), but no significant difference when compared with RU2 (92.74%±3.88%). Masson staining showed that the CVF value of RUs2 (8.61%±1.16%) was significantly higher than that of RUs1 (3.17%±0.76%), and statistic significantly lower than that of RUs3 (16.44%±2.26%)( P<0.01). Conclusion:Target organ contact can promote the regenerated nerves after mismatched regeneration, and the muscle target organs exhibit greater facilitation than the cutaneous target organs. Besides, regenerated nerves after mismatch can establish effective innervation with muscle target organs, comfirming their effective reuse.

Objective:To investigate the surgical technique and clinical effect of the island flap of dorsal branch of proper palmar digital artery in repair of the soft tissue defect of digits.Methods:From March 2013 to March 2021, 22 cases of digit soft tissue defects were repaired with dorsal branch of proper palmar digital artery island flap. The digit defects involved: 9 thumbs, 5 index fingers, 3 middle fingers, 3 ring fingers and 2 little fingers. The repair of defects covered 8 digit-tips, 7 pulps and 7 dorsal and nail beds. The defected area of soft tissue was 0.8 cm×0.5 cm-1.5 cm×8.0 cm, and the size of flap was 1.0 cm×0.7 cm-1.8 cm×1.0 cm. The donor site in 6 cases was closed directly. The other 16 cases were covered with medium thickness skin graft and pressurised bandaging. The follow-up reviews were carried out via the outpatient clinic visit, telephone or WeChat interview. Results:After operation, 1 flap had cyanosis due to a tight suture and it was relieved after the removal of intermittent suture; Tension blisters appeared in 2 cases and disappeared after 1 week; One case had necrosis at distal flap and healed after dressing change. Other flaps survived successfully and the incision and donor site healed in the first stage. All patients were entered to 6 to 18(mean 10) months of follow-up. At the final follow-up, the appearance and texture of the flaps were good and the protective sensation was restored. The flexion and extension function of the affected digit was normal with the TPD at 7-11 mm. The original shape and function of the digit body were basically reconstructed, except the failure in reconstruction of the special structure of digit body, such as nail, finger pulp thread and fine sensation. According to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Function of Chinese Hand Surgery Society, 11 cases were in excellent, 9 in good and 2 in fair. The excellent and good rate was 91%. The function at donor sites was not affected.Conclusion:Repair of digit soft tissue defect with dorsal branch of proper palmar digital artery island flap is easy to operate, and with a low risk, high success rate and satisfactory curative effect.

Objective:To summarise the clinical efficacy and surgical indications for free hallux toe nail flap and adjacent island flap of the middle and ring fingers in repair of distal thumb degloving injuries.Methods:From May 2009 to May 2021, a total of 24 patients (24 digits) with degloving injury of distal thumbs were treated in the Department of Hand and Microsurgery of Baoji Third Hospital. The flap was selected according to the patient's wishes and occupation. Of the 24 patients, 13 were repaired by free hallux toe nail flap transfer (group of hallux toe nail flap), and 11 were repaired by combining the proper palmar digital artery island flap of middle (ulnar side) and ring (radial side) fingers with the same volar common digital artery vascular pedicle (group of tile combined flap). Follow-up was performed at the 1st, 3rd, 6th,12th and 18th months after surgery respectively through outpatient clinic and telephone or WeChat interviews. The follow-ups focused on the appearance, colour, texture and two-point discrimination (TPD) of the flap, as well as thumb flexion, extension, opposition and grasping functions. Functional recovery evaluated according to the Evaluation Standard of Upper Limb Partial Functional of Hand Surgery of Chinese Medical Association.Results:All the 24 flaps survived and all were included in the follow-up. The follow-up lasted 12-60 and 6-18 months, with an average of (18.5±0.5) months and (6.8±0.3) months in group of hallux toe nail flap and group of tile combined flap, respectively. Appearance of thumb body and function at the last follow-up showed: in the group of hallux toe nail flap, the nails, thumbtips and fine sensations were restored, with the TPD at 5-8 mm. The thumb flexion, extension, opposition and grasping functions were good. Apart from without nails and fingerprint, the flaps in the group of tile combined flap had good appearance and texture, and the protective feeling was restored with the TPD at 6-11 mm. The affected thumbs also recovered the basic functions of flexion, extension, opposition and grasping. According to the Trial Standard of Upper Limb Function Evaluation of the Chinese Medical Association Hand Surgery Society, 7 cases were excellent, 5 cases were good, and 1 case was poor in the group of hallux toe nail flap. In the group of tile combined flap, 3 cases were in excellent, 5 in good, and 3 in poor. Appearance of flaps (such as nails and thumbtip fingerprint), fine sensory recovery, and the accuracy and stability of the grasping function, the group of hallux toe nail flap was significantly better than that of the group of tile combined flap. There was no functional impact on the donor site.Conclusion:Both types of flap are classic surgical procedures for repair of distal thumb degloving injury. In order to meet the individual requirement and to improve the efficacy of the treatment, such as for those who have high expectation for digit restoration, especially those who are young with aesthetical or professional requirement, free hallux toe nail flap repair is used to restore the perfect shape and function. And for those who are reluctant to sacrifice their toes or for the middle-aged and elderly people who do not have high expectation for the shape of thumb, a tile combined flap repair is used to restore thumb function.