Intracerebral Hemorrhage (ICH) is a common cerebrovascular disease with high disability rate and high mortality rate.A large number of clinical and experimental studies have shown that the abnormal metabolism of iron in the brain tissue around the hematoma after ICH is an important cause of secondary brain damage such as brain edema and neuronal apoptosis.It is an important factor affecting the outcome of patients.This article reviews the abnormal metabolism of iron and its significance after ICH.

[Objective]To evaluate the therapeutic effects of the operation of latero-anterior internal fixation by plate screw and vertebroplasty by calcium sulfate cement for treatment of thoracolumbar more vertebral compression fractures with osteoporosis.[Method]Twenty-two patients with osteoporosis and more vertebal compression fractures received latero-anterior internal fixation by plate screw and vertebroplasty by calcium sulfate cement.Functions of spinal cord nerve were damaged in different degrees.Preoperative auxiliary examination of X-ray,CT and MRI was used.The spinal stabilization,spinal cord function and the state of chronic lumbodynia were observed by postoperative photographs.[Result]All the patients were followed up,and the implants showed bone union.Sensation and motor function were improved in various degrees.The pain of chest and back or other complaints were obviously relieved.No recurrence occurred.Vertebral bodies by vertebroplasty had no leakage and the short-term effects were satisfactory.[Conclusion]The operation of latero-anterior internal fixation by plate screw combining vertebroplasty is profitable to simultaneously improve nerve compression of thoracolumbar kyphosis,spine instability,and other chronic pain caused by osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

BACKGROUND:There are stil about 10%-30%of patients presenting no obvious improvement of symptoms after lumbar disc herniation surgery, which are col ectively known as the lumbar spine post-surgery failure syndrome, and lumbar instability is one of the important reasons. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of surgery including posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation on lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability via MAST Quadrant retractor. METHODS:From December 2011 to October 2012, 62 cases of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability were treated with posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation via MAST Quadrant retractor. There were 38 female and 24 male ranging in age from 37 to 69 years (average 53.7 years). After operation, al patients were fol owed-up to evaluate the effect of the treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operative time was 90-210 minutes, average 145 minutes, and the amount of blood loss was 50-300 mL, average 120 mL. The hospitalization time was 5-9 days, average 6 days. Al incisions healed by first intention. Al patients were fol owed up 7.2 months on average (from 3 to 10 months). The preoperative JOA score was (10.25±2.34) points. The postoperative JOA score decreased to (18.31±3.12) points at the fol ow-up after 1 month and (25.35±2.61) points at the last fol ow-up, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative score (P<0.01). The preoperative VAS score was (8.24±1.15) points. The postoperative VAS score decreased to (2.97±1.12) points after 1 month and (1.13±0.39) points at the last fol ow-up, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative score (P<0.01). According to reforming Macnab standard, the results were excel ent in 53 cases and good in 9 cases at the last fol ow-up. The surgery including posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation via MAST Quadrant retractor is a safe, effective and minimal y invasive surgical technique in treating lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability.

BACKGROUND:Treatment prescription for intervertebral space infection is controversial. Conventionally,lying in bed,physical therapy,symptomatic therapy,and a large dosage of antibiotics were used frequently;however,the application of antibiotics was still controversial. OBJECTIVE:To explore the implantation of calcium sulfate powder combined with antibiotics for the treatment of suppurative spondyfitis of the thoracic vertebra. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A retrospective case analysis was performed at Department of Orthopaedics,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College from October 2000 to August 2008. PARTICIPANTS:A total of 24 patients with suppurative spondyfitis of the thoracic vertebra,including 9 males and 15 females and aging 42-71 years,were provided by Department of Orthopaedics,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College. Suppurative spondyfitis of thoracic vertebra occurred on T6/7(n=9) ,T7/8(n=6) ,T8/9(n=3) ,T10/11(n=4) ,and T6/8(n=2) . Among all patients,8 cases had severe pain,myospasm of dorsal muscles,passive position,difficulty of turning over,and lateral or bilateral melosalgia;11 had anorexia and athrepsy;2 had paresis of both lower extremities and difficulty of automatic micturition;3 had diabetes mellitus. METHODS:After the 24 patients with suppurative spondyfitis of the thoracic vertebra received the cleaning operation on focus infection through latero-anterior thoracic cavity,the defect area of bone was inserted with titanium case filled with the calcium sulfate cement combined with antibiotics,and then the internal fixation and a plenty of antibiotics were applied after the operation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Recovery rate was evaluated using JOA assay,and blood sedimentation and bone healing were observed. RESULTS:All the 24 patients received the follow-up with the mean duration of 5.8 years. One case did not recovered,but other 23 patients recovered obviously. The recovery rate was 30%-100%. Blood sedimentation decreased from(86.74?10.56) mm/h before operation to(26.40?5.42) mm/h at 5 months after operation. Bone fusion occurred on all 24 patients,and the time lasted for 3-8 months. Relative death,complications,and infection-induced relapse were not found during the following up. CONCLUSION:To insert the titanium case filled with the calcium sulfate cement combined with antibiotics into the defect area of bone created by the cleaning operation on focus infection and combine with the application of the internal fixation by one stick and two screw and the brace for back and lumbar is an effective therapy for treatment of suppurative spondyfitis of the thoracic vertebra.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of arecoline (Ar) on human sperm motility in vitro. METHODS: 50 cases of normal human male sperm which had been screened were incubated in different concentration of Ar solution (10 ?g?mL-1,50 ?g?mL-1,100 ?g?mL-1),taking the optimized sperm as control group. After the incubation lasting 0.5,1,2 h, computer assisting sperm analysis system (CASA) was used to analyze the Mot, (a+b) PM,VCL and VSL of sperm. RESULTS: The Mot of sperm incubated in 10 ?g?mL-1 Ar solution for 1 h was significantly different from that of control group(P

In order to increase the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), RT-PCR was used to synchronously detect HCV RNA in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 583 CHC patients with a continuously elevated level of ALT for more than one year. The results showed that the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the plasma of the CHC patients was 19.2 %, while 24.5 % in PBMC. It was demonstrated that the positive detection rate for HCV RNA in PBMC was obviously higher than that detected in plasma. To synchronously detect HCV RNA in PBMC by using RT-PCR can increase the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the CHC patients.

In order to increase the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), RT-PCR was used to synchronously detect HCV RNA in the plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 583 CHC patients with a continuously elevated level of ALT for more than one year. The results showed that the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the plasma of the CHC patients was 19.2 %, while 24.5 % in PBMC. It was demonstrated that the positive detection rate for HCV RNA in PBMC was obviously higher than that detected in plasma. To synchronously detect HCV RNA in PBMC by using RT-PCR can increase the positive detection rate of HCV RNA in the CHC patients.

Objective To assess the value of voiding urosonography (VUS) with SonoVue in evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux. Methods Thirty-six pediatric patients (72 pyeloureter units [PUUs]) suspected of vesicoureteral reflux underwent both VUS and fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). The sensitivity of VUS and VCUG and their consistency in detecting vesicoureteral reflux as well as in grading vesicoureteral reflux were compared. Results Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 26 of the 72 PUUs (36.1%) by VUS while in 21 PUUs (29.2%) by VCUG (P=0.347). The two modalities yielded the same results for 65 PUUs (κ=0.843), showing a very good consistency between them. VUS also detected post-urethral valve in 2 patients via transperineal scans. Conclusion VUS with Sonovue has at least comparable, if not better, sensitivity in detecting vesicoureteral reflux with VCUG, and therefore should serve as the primary screening and follow-up modality for vesicoureteral reflux. In addition, transperineal VUS can be helpful in evaluation of post-urethral lesions.

Objective To assess the value of voiding urosonography (VUS) with SonoVue in evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux. Methods Thirty-six pediatric patients (72 pyeloureter units [PUUs]) suspected of vesicoureteral reflux underwent both VUS and fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). The sensitivity of VUS and VCUG and their consistency in detecting vesicoureteral reflux as well as in grading vesicoureteral reflux were compared. Results Vesicoureteral reflux was detected in 26 of the 72 PUUs (36.1%) by VUS while in 21 PUUs (29.2%) by VCUG (P=0.347). The two modalities yielded the same results for 65 PUUs (κ=0.843), showing a very good consistency between them. VUS also detected post-urethral valve in 2 patients via transperineal scans. Conclusion VUS with Sonovue has at least comparable, if not better, sensitivity in detecting vesicoureteral reflux with VCUG, and therefore should serve as the primary screening and follow-up modality for vesicoureteral reflux. In addition, transperineal VUS can be helpful in evaluation of post-urethral lesions.

Objective To compare the clinical significance of peripheral blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in predicting prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods The clinical data of 661 patients with HCC were retrospectively analyzed.Routine peripheral blood test results were used to calculate the NLR and PLR,and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn.Using the thresholds of NLR and PLR,the patients were divided into the low NLR group and the high NLR group,and the low PLR group and the high PLR group.Overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were evaluated by the Kaplan-Meier method.Independent prognostic predictors were determined by the Cox proportional hazard model.Results The NLR and PLR thresholds were 2.790 and 99,respectively.Analysis of the ROC curves showed higher NLR and PLR were significantly associated with poorer OS and DFS (all P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that NLR was an independent risk factor of OS and DFS (both P ＜ 0.05).The results remained unchanged when the NLR was further analyzed by applying different cut-off values of 2.810 and 3.In subgroup analysis,NLR remained an independent factor of Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer staging system (BCLC) 0/A/B (P ＜ 0.05 for all measurements).Conclusion An elevated preoperative NLR could be a better prognostic predictor for HCC patients in comparison with PLR,especially for BCLC 0/A/B patients.