1.Epidemiological characterization of sapovirus gastroenteritis aggregation in a kindergarten in Jinshan District, Shanghai
Lin ZHU ; Zhao-peng DONG ; Jian-ru DU ; Ping-hua MO ; Tang WANG ; Can-lei SONG
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine 2021;33(6):521-524
Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of an aggregational gastroenteritis and determine the genotypes of sapovirus, and to provide scientific basis for formulating effective control strategies. Methods:Unified case definition, active case search and descriptive epidemiology were used to analyze the epidemic. Feces or anal swabs of untreated students, teachers, canteen staff as well as canteen environment samples were collected. Norovirus and sapovirus nucleic acid tests were conducted by real-time fluorescent RT-PCR, and sapovirus nucleic acid was amplified by conventional RT-PCR. The gene region of capsid protein was analyzed by MEGA7.0 software and phylogenetic tree was constructed. Results:A total of 12 cases were reported in the epidemic, and the incidence rate was 44.44%. All reported cases, with vomiting symptoms, were found in the same class. The epidemic showed a point-based outbreak. The first case became the source of infection in class, and the epidemic lasted for 8 days. Real-time fluorescent RT-PCR assay confirmed that five children's feces were positive for sapovirus nucleic acid, and the first-episode children's feces were positive for sapovirus and GII norovirus nucleic acid. Sequence alignment result showed that the sapovirus strains belonged to GI.1 type with homologous genes. Conclusion:Based on the clinical manifestations, field epidemiological investigation and laboratory test results, we confirm that the first case of the epidemic in class is caused by GI.1 sapovirus infection. The epidemic is effectively controlled by comprehensive measures such as case isolation and disinfection.
2.Effects of hsa-miR-642b-3p on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation
Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases 2022;39(12):1070-1073
Objective To evaluate the effects of hsa-miR-642b-3p on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells under hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R).Methods The H/R model of brain microvascular endothelial cells was established to analyze the expression alteration of hsa-miR-642b-3p,and the intervention was carried out accordingly.Cell death was detected by trypan blue staining,cell proliferation was detected by CCK8,cell permeability was detected by FITC-albumin,and potential GO and KEGG function enrichment of hsa-miR-642b-3p was analyzed by bioinformatics.Results The expression of hsa-miR-642b-3p was elevated in H/R condition.After administration of hsa-miR-642b-3p inhibitor,we found the cell death was reduced,cell proliferation was increased and cell permeability was decreased under H/R condition.In addition,GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis showed that hsa-miR-642b-3p may be involved in multiple biological functions and signal pathways such as RNA regulation,cell adhesion,TGF-β pathway and others.Conclusion Abnormal expression of hsa-miR-642b-3p in cerebral microvascular endothelial cells under H/R may have certain value for ischemic stroke.
3.Role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway in isoflurane preconditioning against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Fangxiang ZHANG ; Jingchao ZHANG ; Qian ZHAO ; Weijing ZHANG ; Jinshan SHI ; Bing QIU
Chinese Journal of Trauma 2013;(6):561-565
Objective To evaluate the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway in isoflurane (ISO) preconditioning against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and investigate the relationship between JNK signaling pathway and apoptosis.Methods Global cerebral I/R models were made by 4-artery occlusion technique.Forty male SD rats of clean grade were divided into sham operation group (S group),I/R injury group (I/R group),SP600125 (an inhibitor of JNK signaling pathway) + I/R group (SP + I/R group),ISO preconditioning group (ISO group),and ISO preconditioning + SP600125 group (ISO + SP group) according to the random number table.Preconditioning protocol was successive inhalation of 15 g/L ISO for 5 days,1 h/d.I/R was induced at 24 hours after the end of preconditioning.Brain tissues were harvested at 72 hours later to take histomorphological examination by HE staining as well as detect apoptosis of hippocampal nerve cells by TUNEL method,expression of caspase-3 in hippocampal nerve cells by immuno-histochemistry,and expression of protein p-JNK in hippocampal tissues by Western blot.Results Compared with S group,brain injury score,apoptosis ratio of nerve cells,and expression of caspase-3 were significantly increased in the other groups (P < 0.05).Moreover,p-JNK protein had a higher expression in IR group than in S group (P < 0.05),but no significant difference was observed in SP + I/R group,ISO group,and ISO + SP group as compared with S group (P > 0.05).Compared with I/R group,brain injury score,apoptosis ratio of nerve cells,expression of caspase-3,and expression of p-JNK protein were all declined in SP + I/R group,ISO group,and ISO + SP group (P < 0.05).Moreover,brain injury score,apoptosis ratio of nerve cells,and expression of caspase-3 had further decline in ISO + SP group as compared with SP + I/R group and ISO group (P < 0.05),but the difference in expression of p-JNK protein was insignificant among the three groups.Compared with SP + I/R group,no significant changes of each index were found in ISO group.Conclusion ISO preconditioning alleviates cerebral I/R injury through down-regulating expression of caspase-3 and inhibiting JNK signaling pathway.
4.The clinical application of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy in the diagnosis of bone lesions
Jiakai LI ; Yueyong XIAO ; Jinshan ZHANG ; Li YANG ; Hong ZHAO ; Miao YU
Journal of Interventional Radiology 2006;0(10):-
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy for bone lesions.Methods Forty-Eight patients with different sited bone lesions had received the procedure of CT-guided percutaneous biopsy from July 2003 to January 2005,including 34 cases only with complete clinical records.The procedure was carried out with patient lied on CT table and followed by localization scanning to demonstrate the best sites for puncture and biopsy route.11-14 G bone puncture needle or 18 G trigger type biopsy needle was undertaken to penetrate into the lesion for obtaining specimens under local anesthesia and CT monitoring and in turn for fixation with 10% formalin to have pathologic examination.Results The whole procedure finished within 20-40 minutes with adequate samples obtained for pathologic examination of all cases.Confirmed diagnosis was made in 30 cases with an accuracy of 91.2% and no correlative complications were found.Conclusions The CT-guided percutaneous biopsy is safe and efficient for diagnosis of bone lesions,deserving to be extensively used.(J Intervent Radiol,2006,15: 603-606)
5.Analysis of 6 cases with hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome and literature review.
Mei Xi ZHAO ; Jian She WANG ; Jing Yu GONG
Chinese Journal of Pediatrics 2022;60(5):457-461
Objective: To explore the clinical features of hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS). Methods: The clinical data of 6 hepatocerebral MDS patients diagnosed in the Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Related literature published before January 2020 were searched with the key words of "DGUOK""MPV17""POLG""C10orf2" in PubMed, China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang database. Results: All the 6 hepatocerebral MDS cases were male. The age of onset ranged from 3 days to 8 months. The most common initial symptoms were cholestasis and developmental retrogression. The main clinical manifestations included hepatomegaly (4 cases), hypotonia (3 cases), growth retardation (4 cases), cholestasis (5 cases), coagulopathy (5 cases), hypoalbuminemia (3 cases), hypoglycemia (4 cases), hyperlactacidemia (5 cases), and abnormal blood metabolism screening (6 cases). The isotope hepatobiliary imaging revealed no gallbladder and intestinal tract development within 24 hours in 2 patients. Regarding the cranial imaging examination, the head CT found widening of the extracranial space in 1 case, the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) found ventricular enlargement in 2 cases, and the brain ultrasound found peripheral white matter injury in 1 case. Two cases were lost to follow-up, one died of liver failure, and three died of multiple organ failure due to aggravated infection. Among the 6 cases, there were 3 with MPV17 variation (c.182T>C and c.279G>C were novel), 1 with POLG variation (c.2993G>A was novel), 1 with DGUOK variation (c.679G>A homozygous mutation, parthenogenetic diploid of chromosome 2) and 1 with C10orf2 variation (c.1186C>T and c.1504C>T were novel). The literature review found that 129, 100, 51 and 12 cases of hepatocerebral MDS were caused by DGUOK, MPV17, POLG and C10orf2 gene variations, respectively. And the most common clinical manifestations were liver dysfunction presented with cholestasis and elevated transaminase, metabolic disorders including hypoglycemia and hyperlactacidemia, and diverse neurologic symptoms including developmental retardation, hypotonia, epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy. Besides, 1/3 of the patients with C10orf2 variation developed renal tubular injury. Conclusions: Hepatocerebral MDS mainly present with liver dysfunction, metabolic disorder and neuromuscular impairment. Different genotypes show specific clinical manifestations.
Cholestasis
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DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics*
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Female
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Humans
;
Hypoglycemia/genetics*
;
Infant
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Liver Diseases/genetics*
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Male
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Mitochondrial Diseases
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Muscle Hypotonia
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Retrospective Studies
6.Multi-slice CT angiography in the diagnosis of lesions of mesenteric artery and mesenteric vein.
Jiangping XIE ; Weiqiang YAN ; Jinkang LIU ; Zhengming ZHOU ; Jinshan ZHAO ; Bin CHEN
Journal of Central South University(Medical Sciences) 2014;39(6):612-617
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the value of multi-slice CT angiography (MSCTA) in the diagnosis of super mesenteric artery (SMA) and super mesenteric vein (SMV), and discuss the 3D reconstruction method for detecting mesenteric vessel lesions.
METHODS:
Thirty-three patients suffering from mesenteric vessel diseases were analyzed. There were 14 SMA lesions, including 9 thromboses, 3 dissecting aneurysms, 1 pseudoaneurysm, and 1 malrotation. There were 19 SMV thromboses. The 3D reconstruction included volume rendering (VR), maximum intensity projection (MIP), and multi-planner reformation (MPR).
RESULTS:
The lesions appeared clear by MSCTA in the 33 patients. The SMA thrombosis was shown clear in the MIP in all 9 patients, and only 4 of them were detected in the VR. There was significant difference between MIP andVR in detecting SMA thrombosis (P=0.0294). Three dissecting aneurysms were best shown in the MPR; 1 pseudoaneurysm and 1 malrotation were clearly manifested in the VR. The thrombosis of SMV was clearly shown by both MIP and MPR in all 19 patients. Collateral vessels were clearly shown in the MIP in 12 patients; the collateral vessels were detected by VR only in 5, and the other 7 failed to show the collateral vessels. There was significant difference between the MIP and the VR in showing lateral collateral vessels (P=0.0046).
CONCLUSION
Both lesions of SMA and SMV can be detected by MSCTA. MIP is an ideal reconstruction method for SMA thrombosis and collateral vessels around the SMV.
Aneurysm, Dissecting
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diagnosis
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Angiography
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Humans
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Mesenteric Arteries
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pathology
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Mesenteric Veins
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pathology
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Thrombosis
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diagnosis
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Tomography, X-Ray Computed
7.Bioremediation of Hexavalent Chromium Pollution by Sporosarcina saromensis M52 Isolated from Offshore Sediments in Xiamen, China.
Ran ZHAO ; Bi WANG ; Qing Tao CAI ; Xiao Xia LI ; Min LIU ; Dong HU ; Dong Bei GUO ; Juan WANG ; Chun FAN ;
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016;29(2):127-136
OBJECTIVECr(VI) removal from industrial effluents and sediments has attracted the attention of environmental researchers. In the present study, we aimed to isolate bacteria for Cr(VI) bioremediation from sediment samples and to optimize parameters of biodegradation.
METHODSStrains with the ability to tolerate Cr(VI) were obtained by serial dilution and spread plate methods and characterized by morphology, 16S rDNA identification, and phylogenetic analysis. Cr(VI) was determined using the 1,5-diphenylcarbazide method, and the optimum pH and temperature for degradation were studied using a multiple-factor mixed experimental design. Statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the results.
RESULTSFifty-five strains were obtained, and one strain (Sporosarcina saromensis M52; patent application number: 201410819443.3) having the ability to tolerate 500 mg Cr(VI)/L was selected to optimize the degradation conditions. M52 was found be able to efficiently remove 50-200 mg Cr(VI)/L in 24 h, achieving the highest removal efficiency at pH 7.0-8.5 and 35 °C. Moreover, M52 could completely degrade 100 mg Cr(VI)/L at pH 8.0 and 35 °C in 24 h. The mechanism involved in the reduction of Cr(VI) was considered to be bioreduction rather than absorption.
CONCLUSIONThe strong degradation ability of S. saromensis M52 and its advantageous functional characteristics support the potential use of this organism for bioremediation of heavy metal pollution.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; China ; Chromium ; metabolism ; Geologic Sediments ; microbiology ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ; genetics ; Sporosarcina ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism
8.Entecavir add-on Peg-interferon therapy plays a positive role in reversing hepatic fibrosis in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients: a prospective and randomized controlled trial.
Jing-Mao YANG ; Li-Ping CHEN ; Ya-Jie WANG ; Bei LYU ; Hong ZHAO ; Zhi-Yin SHANG ; Jun LI ; Zhen-Yu FAN ; Sheng-Di WU ; Xiao MING ; Xian LI ; Shao-Ping HUANG ; Ji-Lin CHENG
Chinese Medical Journal 2020;133(14):1639-1648
BACKGROUND:
The efficacy of entecavir (ETV) add-on peg-interferon therapy compared with ETV monotherapy in treatment-naïve hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients remains controversial. We investigated whether adding peg-interferon to ongoing ETV treatment leads to a better curative effect or not.
METHODS:
All patients have been recruited between August 2013 and January 2015 from the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Zhongshan Hospital (China). Eligible HBV patients (n = 144) were randomly divided (1:1) to receive either ETV monotherapy (n = 70) or peg-interferon add-on therapy from week 26 to 52 (n = 74). Patients were followed-up for at least 2 years. Indexes including hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion rate, sustained virologic response, transient elastography value, and histological scores were evaluated every 3 months until the end of the study. The rate of patients with HBsAg loss was defined as the primary endpoint criteria.
RESULTS:
At week 26, no patient achieved HBsAg seroconversion in either group. At week 52, one patient in the monotherapy group was HBsAg-negative but there was none in the combination therapy group. The monotherapy group showed significantly better liver function recovery results than the combination therapy group. At week 78, one patient in the combination group had HBsAg seroconverted. At week 104, only three patients in the combination therapy group were HBsAg-negative compared with one patient in monotherapy. The mean alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels and transient elastography values decreased significantly compared with baseline. Both groups showed a favorable decrease in alpha-fetoprotein (monotherapy: 4.5 [2.8, 7.1] vs. 2.2 [1.8, 3.1] ng/mL, P < 0.001; combination therapy: 5.7 [3.0, 18.8] vs. 3.2 [2.0, 4.3] ng/mL, P < 0.001) and an improved result of liver biopsy examination scores. The combination group showed a better improvement in histology compared with the monotherapy group (mean transient elastography value 6.6 [4.9, 9.8] vs. 7.8 [5.4, 11.1] kPa, P = 0.028). But there was no significant difference in HBsAg conversion rate (1.8% [1/56] vs. 4.1% [3/73], P = 0.809) and HBeAg conversion rate (12.5% [7/56] vs. 11.0% [8/73], P = 0.787), as well as HBV-DNA, sustained virologic response (93.2% vs. 98.5%, P = 0.150) between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS:
Both therapies supported liver function recovery and histology improvement. Combination therapy did not show better anti-viral efficacy in HBsAg or HBeAg seroconversion compared with monotherapy. However, combination therapy played a more positive role in reversing hepatic fibrosis compared with monotherapy.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02849132; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02849132.
9.Identification of
Chen TANG ; Chun FAN ; Dong Bei GUO ; Xiu Juan MA ; Qing Tao CAI ; Xiao Xuan CHEN ; Min ZHANG ; Jia Yao LI ; Qiu Ying AN ; Ran ZHAO
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021;34(8):656-661