Objective To assess the effects of tibolone treatment on the hemodynamic changes of the ophthalmic artery(OA) and internal carotid artery(ICA) as sonographic markers of atherosclerosis in menopausal women.Methods A total of 30 menopausal women were treated with 2.5mg of tibolone(Livial) daily as treatment group.At the same time,30 women with natural menopause who were not given any treatment served as control group.Noninvasive measurements of the resistance index(RI) and peak systolic blood flow velocity of ICA and OA were made with ultrasound before the treatment and at 3rd,6th,9th and 12th month of treatment,respectively.Results RI of ICA and OA decreased significantly after tibolone treatment(P

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ultrasonic elastography and fine flow imaging in differential diagnosis of cervical lymph nodes.Methods Totally 87 lymph nodes were examined with ultrasonic elastography,fine flow and conventional ultrasonography.The results were confirmed with postoperative pathology or fine-needle biopsy as well as follow-up.Using consistency check of Kappa and ROC curve to analyse the accuracy of three types of ultrasonic examination.Results Taking the results of postoperative pathology or fine-needle biopsy as well as follow-up as golden standards,the Kappa value of conventional ultrasonography was poor (Kappa =0.153,P =0.078),fine flow was moderate (Kappa =0.526,P ＜0.01) and ultrasonic elastography was better (Kappa =0.741,P ＜0.01).The area under ROC of ultrasonic elastography,fine flow and conventional ultrasonography was 0.899 (P ＜0.01),0.787 (P ＜0.01) and 0.568 (P =0.241),respectively.Conclusions Ultrasonic elastography is more valuable to differentiate malignant from benign lymph nodes.

Objective To study the effect of Pinus yunnanensis on acute alcoholic liver injury in rats and explore its mechanism. Methods A model of acute alcoholic liver injury in mice was prepared by alcohol. The mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, positive control group, Pinus yunnanensis low-, medium-and high-dose groups. Mice in the medicine group were given the corresponding medicine by gavage once a day for 7 days. After the last three hours of intragastric administration, the liver and spleen index, ALT, AST and GSH in serum, SOD, MDA and NO in liver homogenates were measured. Histopathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining. Results Compared with model group, Pinecone of Pinus unnanensis high-, medium- and low-dose groups could significantly reduce the liver index in mice (P<0.01), and high dose groups could significantly reduce the number of spleen (P<0.01); The contents of AST in the medium- and high-dose groups significantly decreased (P<0.01) and the GSH activity significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in serum ALT level, SOD activity, GSH activity and NO content in the liver tissues of Pinus yunnanensis groups (P>0.05). HE staining results showed that, the damage of liver tissue in mice of Pinus yunnanensis was significantly improved compared with the model group. Conclusion Pinus yunnanensis has protective effects on acute alcoholic liver injury in mice.

Objective To investigate the effect mechanism of sanguinarine on the proliferation,apoptosis,invasion and migration abilities of cervical cancer cells.Methods MTT,flow cytometer,cell scratch test and Transwell chamber assay were respectively used to detect the cellular proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion abilities after sanguinarine action.The expression levels of E-Cadherin,PTEN,β-catenin and MMP2 protein of cervical cancer cells after sanguinarine action were detected by Western blot.Results 0.6,0.8 μmol/L sanguinarine had the inhibitory effect on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells.After 0.8μmol/L sanguinarine action for 48 h,cervical cancer HeLa and Siha cells apoptosis rate were up to (45.68± 2.26)％ and(31.89 ± 3.80)％ respectively.0.8 μmol/L sanguinarine action for 3 h,cervical cancer cells HeLa and Siha adhesion rates were only (67.45 ± 2.13)％and(73.59± 2.61)％.0.8 mol/L sanguinarine action for 16 h,the invasion numbers of cervical cancer Hela and Siha cell were (39.64 ±1.98) and (43.87 ± 2.83) respectively.The expression amount of E-Cadherin and PTEN in cervical cancer cells after sanguinarine action was increased,while the expression amount of E-Cadherin and PTEN was weakened.Conclusion Sanguinarine has the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis promoting effect on cervical cancer cells,its mechanism may be related to adhesion protein E-Cadherin,β-catenin and PTEN,MMP2.

The function of drugs is based on the interaction between drug molecules and their targets.Qualitative analysis and quantitative detection of drug-target interactions run through the whole process from drug discovery to clinical practice.After decades of development, the study methods on the interaction between drug molecules and target proteins have been transformed from traditional biochemical experiments to a diversity of efficient and accurate technology systems supported by advanced molecular biology and biophysics theory.In this review, representative methods and techniques were introduced from aspects of target discovery and validation, affinity determination, interaction sites and structural analysis, which might provide some references for drug discovery and mechanism exploration.

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of echo-tracking technology in evaluating endothelial function of the femoral artery in patients with Grave's disease.

METHODSThirty-four patients with Grave's disease patients and 30 normal adults as controls were recruited in this study. The intima-media thickness (IMT), arterial stiffness (β), pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep), arterial compliance (AC), pulse wave conducting velocity (PWVβ) and augmentation index (AI) parameters were examined using echo-tracking technology for evaluating the right femoral arterial elasticity.

RESULTSCompared with the control subjects, the patients with Grave's disease showed significantly increased β, Ep, and PWVβ and significantly decreased AC (P<0.05), but the argumentation index were similar between the two groups (P>0.05). In patients with Grave's disease, β and Ep were positively correlated with FT3, FT4, TT3, TT4, and PWVβ was positively correlated with FT3 and FT4.

CONCLUSIONSEcho-tracking technology can provide more accurate quantitative evidences for early diagnosis of femoral artery endothelial dysfunction in patients with Grave's disease, but the influence of procedural factors on the measurement accuracy should be considered in the evaluation.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; Graves Disease ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Thyrotoxicosis ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Ultrasonography

PBL is an emerging teaching method, based on problem learning and discussion, and is continuously draw-ing attention from educational field in recent years. In our study, we aimed to apply PBL to the ultrasound diagnostics education and discuss the application of PBL in fully elaborating students' subjective role as well as promoting the educational combination of basic theory and clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the quality of life of patients with pituitary adenomas with visual impairment .Methods Fifty patients with pituitary adenomas with visual impairment at different levels from January 2014 to March 2014 were selected .They were tested with vision correction and Octopus campimetry , and their quality of life was measured .Results The total score of quality of life of patients with pituitary adenomas with visual impairment was ( 114 .54 ±30 .11 ) .The score of symptom with visual function , the physical function, social function and mental health were (46.70 ±14.50),(24.00 ±5.41),(23.28 ±5.76) and (20.54 ±6.92).The score of quality of life of patients with the mild vision impairment , moderate vision impairment, and severe vision impairment were (138.38 ±10.92), (125.68 ±12.52) and (75.00 ±18.75). There was significant difference among the three groups (F=86.04,P<0.01).Conclusions The quality of life in pituitary adenomas patients declines with the degree of visual losses .Nurses should set up great nurse-patient relationship and psychological counselling to improve the quality of life .

Objective:To understand and explore the incidence and influencing factors of malnutrition in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology of a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen from March 1 to August 31, 2021 were enrolled. Indicators related to nutrition and clinical outcome were collected, including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), nutritional risk screening (NRS 2002) results, malnutrition diagnosis as per Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Chi-square test, t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used as appropriate for univariate analysis, and binary logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results:A total of 188 patients were included in this survey. There were 145 (77.1%) patients with no malnutrition, 38 (20.2%) with moderate malnutrition, and 5 (2.7%) with severe malnutrition according to GLIM criteria. In the subgroup of 47 ulcerative colitis patients, 12 (25.5%) were with moderate malnutrition and 3 (3.4%) were with severe malnutrition. In the subgroup of 141 Crohn's disease patients, 26 (18.4%) were with moderate malnutrition and 2 (1.4%) were with severe malnutrition. When divided by the presence or absence of malnutrition, there were statistically significant differences in age ( t = -2.237, P = 0.026), disease stage ( χ 2 = 22.299, P < 0.001), history of digestive tract resection ( χ 2 = 6.890, P = 0.009), intestinal infection ( χ 2 = 4.010, P = 0.045), gastrointestinal symptoms ( χ 2 =11.884, P = 0.001), hemoglobin ( t = 5.160, P < 0.001), serum albumin ( t = 3.96, P < 0.001), prealbumin ( t = 5.061, P < 0.001) and PSQI scores ( t = -4.744, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the stage of disease, history of partial resection of digestive tract, gastrointestinal symptoms, hemoglobin, prealbumin and PSQI scores were the main influencing factors of malnutrition. Conclusions:IBD patients at older age, at active stage, and with history of partial digestive tract resection, intestinal infection, gastrointestinal symptoms, low hemoglobin, low serum albumin, low prealbumin and poor sleep quality are more likely to develop malnutrition. Timely intervention should be carried out to improve the nutritional status of these patients.

Objective:To explore the application value of two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) in evaluating diaphragm function, and to compare the ability of 2D-STI and conventional diaphragm ultrasonography in diagnosing diaphragmatic dysfunction and evaluating disease severity in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods:A total of 58 AECOPD patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January to October 2021 were retrospectively enrolled as AECOPD group, and 34 healthy subjects were recruited as control group during the same period. Repeatability test of diaphragmatic 2D-STI was performed. According to modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scores system and COPD Assessment Test (CAT), mMRC 0-1 and CAT<10 was classified as group A, mMRC≥2 and CAT≥10 was classified as group B. The baseline characteristics, conventional diaphragm ultrasonography parameters(thickening fraction and excursion) and 2D-STI parameters (longitudinal and radial strains) were compared between the AECOPD group and the control group, and the Spearman correlation between parameters of AECOPD group and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was analyzed. The differences of these parameters between group A and B were also compared. The ROC curve of conventional diaphragm ultrasonography parameters and 2D-STI parameters was plotted to differentiate group A from group B, and the diagnostic efficacy was evaluated.Results:Great intra- and inter-observer reproducibility was found for all diaphragmatic 2D-STI parameters, with ICCs above 0.80 for all measurements. The control group and the AECOPD group did not differ in age, sex and body mass index( P>0.05), whereas there were significant differences in smoking history, lung function, bilateral thickening fraction, excursion, longitudinal and radial strains( P<0.05). Compared with control group, patients in group A had a significant increase in diaphragm thickness ( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in that between group B and control group ( P>0.05). The bilateral longitudinal strains, radial strains and thickening fraction of diaphragm were linearly correlated with FEV1 (right side rs=0.828, 0.794, 0.843, respectively; all P<0.001; left side rs=0.757, 0.704, 0.752, respectively; all P<0.001 ), while the correlation between excursion and FEV1 was not significant(right side rs=0.247, left side rs=0.253; all P>0.05). There were significant differences in bilateral longitudinal strains, radial strains and thickening fraction between group A and group B(all P<0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in excursion between the two groups ( P>0.05). ROC analysis showed bilateral longitudinal and radial strains had higher accuracy in distinguishing group A from group B than thickening fraction and excursion(right side AUCs 0.90, 0.84, 0.78 and 0.62, respectively; left side AUCs 0.85, 0.83, 0.77 and 0.62, respectively). Conclusions:2D-STI is a real-time noninvasive technique for diaphragm function assessment, which has high clinical value. Compared with conventional ultrasonography, 2D-STI shows more accuracy and effectiveness in diagnosing diaphragmatic dysfunction and evaluating disease severity of patients with AECOPD.