Objective To investigate whether methamphetamine (METH) can enhance human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in macrophages and the possible mechanism.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from eight healthy adult donors.Monocytes were isolated from blood samples and then cultured in vitro to induce differentiation to macrophages.These macrophages were treated with METH and/or dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) antagonist,and then infected with HIV Bal strains.The levels of HIV RNA were measured in HIV Bal-infected macrophages by RT-PCR analysis.The real-time RTPCR was performed for the quantification of cellular DRD1.Results METH promoted HIV replication in macrophages in a dose and time dependent manner.This METH-mediated enhancement of HIV infection and replication in macrophages could be blocked by the DRD1 antagonist (SCH23390).Moreover,METH could induce the expression of DRD1.Conclusion METH might play a co-factor role in HIV infection in human macrophages by up-regulating the expression of DRD1.

Objective To investigate the effect of Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet alone versus tenofovir(TDF)+lamivudine(3TC)+efavirenz(EFV)scheme in the treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS).Methods A total of 100 patients with AIDS who visited the hospital from January 2022 to October 2022 were selected and divided into two groups by random number table method,50 cases in each group.Group A was treated with Elvitegravir,Cobi-cistat,Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet monotherapy and Group B was treated with TDF+3TC+EFV scheme.The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)load,body immunity(CD4+,CD8+,CD4+CD38+cell ratio,CD8+CD38+cell ratio),lipid metabolism indexes[total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)],glucose metabolism indexes[fasting blood glucose(FPG),glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)],glycoprotein 130(gp130),interleukin-35(IL-35)and its receptor IL-12Rβ2 levels were observed before and after treatment in the two groups,and the drug safety in the two groups was counted.Results After 3 months of treatment,HIV load,CD8+count,CD4+CD38+cell ratio,and CD8+CD38+cell ratio in both groups were lower than those before treatment,and CD4+count was higher than that before treatment(P＜0.05),but the difference was not statistically significant when compared between A and B groups(P＞0.05).After 3 months of treat-ment,the levels of IL-12Rβ2,gp130,IL-35,TC,TG,and LDL-C in both groups were higher than those before treatment,and HDL-C level was lower than that before treatment,and the change in group B was greater than that in group A(P＜0.05).FPG and HbAlc levels were higher in group B after 1 month and 3 months of treatment,and were higher than those in group A(P＜0.05).Drug safety analysis showed that the incidence rates of adverse reactions were 12.00％(6/50)in group A and 26.00％(13/50)in group B,and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＞0.05).The incidence rates of liver and kidney injury in group A was 10.00％(5/50),and that in group B was 12.00％(6/50),and there was no statistically significant difference between two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet monotherapy and the TDF+3TC+EFV scheme could significantly re-duce the HIV load of AIDS patients and improve their immune level,but the former has less effect on pa-tients'glycolipid metabolism and inflammatory factors,and the monotherapy scheme is superior based on the comprehensive consideration of safety and efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effect of piR-9994 on the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells and its possible mechanism. Methods The expression of piR-9994 in gastric cancer cell lines (MGC803 and AGS) and normal gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) were detected by qRT-PCR. MGC803 cell line with piR-9994 overexpression and knockdown were constructed. The effects of piR-9994 expression changes on cell proliferation were detected by MTT and clone formation assay. The scratch wound healing assay and Transwell invasion assay were used to detect cell migration and invasion abilities. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect cell proliferation and EMT-related genes expression. Results The expression level of piR-9994 in MGC803 cells was significantly higher than that in normal gastric epithelial cell line GES-1 (P < 0.05). The overexpression of piR-9994 promoted the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells, while piR-9994 knockdown had the opposite effect. piR-9994 expression was closely related to cell cycle, especially in S phase. The overexpression of piR-9994 promoted the expression of proliferation-related genes PCNA, CCND1 and Bcl-2, inhibited the expression of apoptosis gene C-PARP, and promoted the expression of EMT-related genes N-cadherin, MMP7, Twist and Vimentin; while piR-9994 knockdown had the opposite effect. Conclusion Abnormal expression of piR-9994 affects the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and EMT process of gastric cancer cells. piR-9994 may be a new biomarker and therapeutic target for gastric cancer.

Objective To explore the expression of circ_0006692 in NSCLC and its relation with clinicopathological characteristics and related mechanism. Methods We collected 50 pairs of NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues. The expression of circ_0006692 was detected by qRT-PCR and its relation with clinicopathological features was analyzed. We constructed lung cancer A549 cell line with circ_0006692 overexpression and knockdown. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were detected by MTS, colony forming, wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of circ_0006692 expression change on EMT-related gene expression. Results The expression of circ_0006692 in NSCLC was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P < 0.05). The expression level of circ_0006692 was closely related to tumor size, TNM stage and pulmonary membrane invasion (P < 0.05). circ_0006692 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, while its overexpression promoted cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis. circ_0006692 knockdown inhibited the expression of EMT-related genes CDH2 and MMP7 in A549 cells and promoted the expression of CDH1. Conclusion The upregulated expression of circ_0006692 in NSCLC is closely related to tumor size, TNM stage and pulmonary membrane invasion. circ_0006692 expression could regulate the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and EMT progression of lung cancer A549 cells.

Objective:To investigate the value of spectral CT based iodine concentration (IC) parameters for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in gastric cancer.Methods:Between January 2021 and November 2021, 266 patients diagnosed as gastric adenocarcinomas by endoscopy and undergoing gastrectomy at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were recruited prospectively. They were divided into LVI and non-LVI groups according to pathological reports. Triple phase contrasted enhanced CT scans, including arterial phase (AP), venous phase (VP) and delayed phase (DP) were performed on a spectral CT platform within one week before surgery. The IC of gastric cancer lesions at three enhanced phases were measured based on iodine maps, and the normalized IC (nIC) was calculated. The thickness of the tumor was measured. Clinicopathological features were collected, including ulceration, pathological tumor staging (pT), pathological node staging (pN), histodifferentiation, Lauren subtype, perineural invasion (PNI), positive node numbers and positive node ratio. Student′s t tes t or Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences of continuous variables between the two groups, while Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used for categorical data. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to screen independent risk factors of LVI, and to build a combined parameter based on risk factors. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the predictive efficacy of IC parameters and the combined parameter for LVI. DeLong′s test was used to compare the differences among different area under the curve (AUC). Results:There were statistical differences in tumor thickness, ulceration, pT, pN, histodifferentiation, positive node numbers, positive node ratio, Lauren subtype and PNI between LVI and non-LVI groups ( P<0.05). The values of IC VP, IC DP, nIC VP, nIC DP in LVI group were statistically higher than those in non-LVI group ( t=3.77, 4.23, 4.25, 6.12, all P<0.001), with the AUC (95%CI) of 0.674 (0.610-0.738), 0.677 (0.614-0.741), 0.731 (0.671-0.792), 0.700 (0.636-0.764) for predicting LVI, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor thickness (OR=1.148, 95%CI 1.085-1.237, P<0.001) and nIC VP (OR=209.904, 95%CI 14.874-644.362, P<0.001) were independent predictors for LVI, the combined parameter incorporating these two factors yielded an AUC (95%CI) of 0.790 (0.736-0.937), which was statistically higher than any single parameter of IC VP, IC DP, nIC VP and nIC DP ( Z=3.07, 3.29, 2.10, 2.60, P=0.002, 0.001, 0.036, 0.009). Conclusion:The IC and nIC values of gastric cancer lesions derived from the VP and DP on spectral CT can effectively predict LVI status in gastric adenocarcinomas, and the combination of nIC VP and tumor thickness can further improve the predictive efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricit-abine and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets in initial treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients.Methods A total of 80 treatment-naive AIDS patients were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The control group was treated with free antiviral drugs(tenofovir+lamivudine+efa-virenz),while the observation group was treated with Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Teno-fovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets.The CD4+count,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)viral load,and biochemical indicators were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 3,6,9,and 12 months after treatment.The adherence,adverse reactions,and quality of life were also com-pared between the two groups.Results During the treatment,six patients in the observation group and 9 patients in the control group had no compliance.With the extension of treatment time,the CD4+level in both groups gradually increased,and the HIV viral load gradually decreased(P＜0.05).After 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment,the CD4+levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the HIV viral loads were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).With the extension of treatment time,the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea,creatinine,and uric acid in the control group gradually increased,and the random blood glucose levels after 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment in the control group were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05).After 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment,the lev-els of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea,creatinine,uric acid,and random blood glucose in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 2.94％(1/34),which was lower than 90.00％(36/40)in the control group(correctedx2=55.718,P＜0.001).With the extension of treatment time,the scores of various dimensions of quality of life in both groups gradually increased,and the scores of various dimensions of quality of life after treatment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with the free antiviral drug regimen,Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets shows better efficacy in the treatment of AIDS-naive patients,which can significantly increase the CD4+level,and reduce the HIV viral load.Besides,it has high safety,and can significantly im-prove their quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricit-abine and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets in initial treatment of acquired immune deficiency syndrome(AIDS)patients.Methods A total of 80 treatment-naive AIDS patients were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 40 patients in each group.The control group was treated with free antiviral drugs(tenofovir+lamivudine+efa-virenz),while the observation group was treated with Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Teno-fovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets.The CD4+count,human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)viral load,and biochemical indicators were compared between the two groups before treatment and at 3,6,9,and 12 months after treatment.The adherence,adverse reactions,and quality of life were also com-pared between the two groups.Results During the treatment,six patients in the observation group and 9 patients in the control group had no compliance.With the extension of treatment time,the CD4+level in both groups gradually increased,and the HIV viral load gradually decreased(P＜0.05).After 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment,the CD4+levels in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the HIV viral loads were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).With the extension of treatment time,the levels of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea,creatinine,and uric acid in the control group gradually increased,and the random blood glucose levels after 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment in the control group were higher than those before treatment(P＜0.05).After 3,6,9,and 12 months of treatment,the lev-els of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,urea,creatinine,uric acid,and random blood glucose in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 2.94％(1/34),which was lower than 90.00％(36/40)in the control group(correctedx2=55.718,P＜0.001).With the extension of treatment time,the scores of various dimensions of quality of life in both groups gradually increased,and the scores of various dimensions of quality of life after treatment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Compared with the free antiviral drug regimen,Elvitegravir,Cobicistat,Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate Tablets shows better efficacy in the treatment of AIDS-naive patients,which can significantly increase the CD4+level,and reduce the HIV viral load.Besides,it has high safety,and can significantly im-prove their quality of life.