This paper analyzes the disadvantages of traditional elevator used in tonsillectomy.Through clinical practice and on the basis of the structure of traditional elevator,a new elevator is designed which is similar to traditional one in appearance but different in its head,middle and end parts.With this elevator,the operative field is improved and thus operating period is decreased.

Medical equipment contributes a lot to medical service at war time and peacetime.This paper proposes four problems in medical equipment management and the solutions.

Objective To explore the effect of group psychotherapy on mental health of psychiatric nurses after violence.Methods Group psychosocial interventions were conducted on psychiatric nurses who were exposed to violence.The measures included observation and understanding,learning and self-understanding,self-acceptance,self-adjustment and behavioral improvement for 8 weeks,once a week,60-120 min each time.Before and after intervention,the mental health status of psychiatric nurses was evaluated by self-reporting inventory (SCL-90).Results The scores by SCL-90 in the psychiatric nurses before and after intervention were higher than those in the national norm with statistically significant difference (P ＜0.05).The scores by SCL-90 as well as all of dimensions after the intervention were all significantly higher than those before intervention (P＜0.05).Conclusion Group counseling intervention has a positive effect on improvement of mental health of psychiatric nurses after violent incidents.

The reason on existing problems of medical equipment management in CPAPF's hospitals are discussed and analyzed from lack of management and maintainer, the phenomenon of highlighting use while ignoring management, without timely equipment maintenance and strict system implementation, and then to put forward the main ways of medical equipment management that the introduction of talent, diathesis enhancement, emphasis training, strict operating standards, implementing system and strengthen standardization management and the establishment sense of cherishing and managing equipment, which can provide strategies and ways for medical equipment management in CPAPF.

Objective To investigate whether methamphetamine (METH) can enhance human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection in macrophages and the possible mechanism.Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from eight healthy adult donors.Monocytes were isolated from blood samples and then cultured in vitro to induce differentiation to macrophages.These macrophages were treated with METH and/or dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1) antagonist,and then infected with HIV Bal strains.The levels of HIV RNA were measured in HIV Bal-infected macrophages by RT-PCR analysis.The real-time RTPCR was performed for the quantification of cellular DRD1.Results METH promoted HIV replication in macrophages in a dose and time dependent manner.This METH-mediated enhancement of HIV infection and replication in macrophages could be blocked by the DRD1 antagonist (SCH23390).Moreover,METH could induce the expression of DRD1.Conclusion METH might play a co-factor role in HIV infection in human macrophages by up-regulating the expression of DRD1.

AIM: To measure and compare the content of glycyrrhizic polysaccharides in Glycyrrhiza in three different growth time. METHODS: The contents of polysaccharides were determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method and by reference to glucose, and wavelenth in spectrophotometer was set at 490 nm. RESULTS: There was difference of the content of the extracted polysaccharides among Glycyrrhiza for 1, 2 and 3 year, amounted to 11.75%, 11.07%, 7.88%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Annual glycyrrhiza appeared to be the appropriat crude drug for polysacchrides content. 1.Colle

Medical research institutions in Shanghai have been developing in at a slow pace because of problems such as out of date institution structures, unreasonable resource allocation and distribution,shortage of research resources, insufficient creativity, and unfocused effort and investment. Hence reform is the only way out. This research discussed the possible strategies for development and proposed some suggestions on the institution categorization, structure change, allocation of resource and overall arrangement.

Aim To investigate the analgesic effect of tetrahydropalmatine on Cav1 . 2 expression in the dorsal root ganglion ( DRG) of mice with sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury ( CCI ) -induced neuropathic pain. Methods Forty male C57 BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups ( n =5 ): sham group ( group S) , CCI group ( group C ) and L-THP group ( group L) . Steady mice models of neuropathic pain were es-tablished by inducing CCI of sciatic nerve. According to development of neuropathic pain in mice, L group was divided into induction period, induction with ma-intenance period and long-term low-dose group. The mice were intraperitoneally administered with 45 mg · kg-1 tetrahydropalmatine in induction ( day 0~5 ) , in-duction with maintenance ( day 0~5 , 14~19 ) period of neuropathic pain state. From the instant after opera-tion, 15 mg · kg-1 tetrahydropalmatine was injected into the long-term low-dose group once per day for 19 days. Then, the behavior changes of mice were moni-tored. Moreover, the threshold of mechanical and ther-mal stimuli was tested. In addition, the expression of Cav1 . 2 protein was detected by Western blot and im-munohistochemical staining. Results The lowest ex-pression of Cav1 . 2 was observed in group C and the highest expression level of Cav1 . 2 was found in group S. Cav1. 2 expression was significantly up-regulated in induction period group, induction with maintenance period group and long-term low-dose group ( P<0. 05 , P<0. 01). Compared with group C, high dose of tet-rahydropalmatine in induction period group, induction with maintenance period group and long-term low-dose group showed reduced mechanical allodynia and ther-mal hyperalgesia induced by nerve injury ( P <0. 05 , P<0. 01). Meanwhile, high dose of tetrahydropalma-tine significantly relieved the mechanical allodynia in induction period group, induction with maintenance period group and thermal hyperalgesia in maintenance period group (P<0. 05). However, there was no ob-vious effect on mechanical allodynia and thermal hyper-algesia induced by nerve injury ( P >0. 05 ) in long-term low-dose group. Conclusions High dose of tet-rahydropalmatine in induction period group, induction with maintenance period group and low-dose among the whole experiment process obviously relieves the neuro-pathic pain induced by nerve injury. The analgesic effect of tetrahydropalmatine on neuropathic pain may be due to the increased expression of Cav1 . 2 protein in DRG neurons.

Objective To follow-up the imaging findings in the SARS.Methods The serial thoracic images in 15 cases of SARS were taken in 7 months from the onset of this disease,and the imaging findings were analysed.Results The detecting rate of the pathological changes in lung by spiral CT was higher than that of X-ray film(t = 5.5228,P

This article unfolds from the current application of problem-based learning (PBL) in medical education in China, analyzing the limitations of it and briefly elucidates the necessity of open-ended question from the perspective of constructivism theory. Furthermore, with the implementation of open-ended questions listed from obstetrics and gynecology for three different grades of students, post-survey result shows that open-ended question serves as an effective approach not only to improve students' ability of finding questions and independent learning , but also to realize the sense of construction.