Objective To evaluate the effect of the noxious stimulation factor on γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) distribution in dog spinal cord during propofol anesthesia.Methods Sixteen healthy mongrel dogs of both sexes,aged 12-18 months,weighing 10-12 kg,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =8 each):noxious stimulation group (S group) and control group (C group).Anesthesia was induced with propofol 7 mg/kg.The animals were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Right femoral artery was cannulated for mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse rate monitoring.Anesthesia was maintained with propofol infusion at a constant rate of 70 mg· kg-1 · h-1.5 ％ formalin 300 μl was subcutaneously injected into the central region of tails in group S,while the equal volume of normal saline was injected instead of formalin in group C.MAP and pulse rate were recorded before injection of formalin or normal saline (T1) and after injection of formalin or normal saline (T2).The dogs were scarified by decapitation at 50 min of continuous propofol infusion and cervical 2-3 segments of the spinal cord were removed for determination of GABA level in different regions of the spinal cord (frontal horn,posterior horn,intermediate zone,frontal funiculus,posterior funiculus and lateral funiculus) by HPLC.Results MAP and pulse rate were significantly higher at T2 than at T1 in S group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in GABA level among the different regions of the spinal cord in C group (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with C group,GABA level in the frontal horn and posterior horn was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the other regions of the spinal cord in S group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The noxious stimulation factor can induce an increase in GABA level in the frontal horn and posterior horn of dog spinal cord during propofol anesthesia.

OBJECTIVEThis clinical study was conducted to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with propofol on vital signs and anaesthetic depth in patients.

METHODSNinety patients with ASA 1-2 requiring painless colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection were randomized to receive DEX 0.3 micro;g/kg (group D, n=45) followed by propofol 1 mg/kg or propofol 2 mg/kg (group C, n=45), and according to the body activity and operation time, additional doses of propofol (0.2-0.5 mg/kg) were given. The full recovery time, operation time, consumed dose of propofol, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels(SPO₂) and NTI were recorded.

RESULTSThe SPO₂recover time and the consumed dose of propofol in group D were decreased compared to those in group C (P<0.01). The rate of the body activity in group D was lower than that in group C (P<0.05). The NTI in group C was lower than that in group D (P<0.05). The HR and MAP were similar in both groups.

CONCLUSIONUnder Narcotrend monitoring, the value of DEX combined with low dose of propofol in colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection is to reach more reasonable depth of anesthesia to reduce adverse responses and the dose of propofol.

Anesthesia ; methods ; Arterial Pressure ; Colonic Polyps ; surgery ; Colonoscopy ; Dexmedetomidine ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Propofol

Objective This clinical study was conducted to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with propofol on vital signs and anaesthetic depth in patients. Methods Ninty patients with ASA 1-2 requiring painless colono-scopy for colonic polyps resection were randomized to receive DEX 0.3μg/kg (group D, n=45) followed by propofol 1 mg/kg or propofol 2 mg/kg (group C, n=45), and according to the body activity and operation time, additional doses of propofol (0.2-0.5 mg/kg) were given. The full recovery time,operation time, consumed dose of propofol, mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate (HR), hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels(SPO2) and NTI were recorded.Results The SPO2、recover time and the consumed dose of propofol in group D were decreased compared to those in group C (P<0.01). The rate of the body activity in group D was lower than that in group C (P<0.05). The NTI in group C was lower than that in group D (P<0.05). The HR and MAP were similar in both groups. Conclusion Under Narcotrend monitoring, the value of DEX combined with low dose of propofol in colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection is to reach more reasonable depth of anesthesia to reduce adverse responses and the dose of propofol.

Objective This clinical study was conducted to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) combined with propofol on vital signs and anaesthetic depth in patients. Methods Ninty patients with ASA 1-2 requiring painless colono-scopy for colonic polyps resection were randomized to receive DEX 0.3μg/kg (group D, n=45) followed by propofol 1 mg/kg or propofol 2 mg/kg (group C, n=45), and according to the body activity and operation time, additional doses of propofol (0.2-0.5 mg/kg) were given. The full recovery time,operation time, consumed dose of propofol, mean arterial pressure(MAP), heart rate (HR), hemoglobin oxygen saturation levels(SPO2) and NTI were recorded.Results The SPO2、recover time and the consumed dose of propofol in group D were decreased compared to those in group C (P<0.01). The rate of the body activity in group D was lower than that in group C (P<0.05). The NTI in group C was lower than that in group D (P<0.05). The HR and MAP were similar in both groups. Conclusion Under Narcotrend monitoring, the value of DEX combined with low dose of propofol in colonoscopy for colonic polyps resection is to reach more reasonable depth of anesthesia to reduce adverse responses and the dose of propofol.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of propofol on pyroptosis of macrophages. METHODS: Macrophages derived from bone marrow were extracted and divided into three groups: control group, LPS+ATP group and propofol+LPS+ATP group. The control group was not given any treatment; LPS+ATP group was given LPS 1 μg/mL stimulation for 4 h, then ATP 4 mM stimulation for 1 h; Propofol+LPS+ATP group was given propofol+LPS 1 μg/mL stimulation for 4 h, then ATP stimulation for 1 h. After treatment, the supernatant and cells of cell culture were collected. the cell activity was detected by CCK8 and flow cytometry. The inflammatory cytokines IL-1βand IL-18 were detected by Elisa. Western blot was used to detect the expression of caspase-1 protein and TLR4 on cell membran Immunohistochemical fluorescence was used to detect apoptosis of cells. RESULTS: LPS+ATP significantly decreased the viability of the macrophages and increased the cellular production of IL-1β and IL-18, activation of caspase-1 protein and the expression of TLR-4 on the cell membrane ( < 0.05). Treatment with propofol obviously reversed the changes induced by LPS+ATP. CONCLUSIONS LPS+ATP can induce pyroptosis of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, and propofol effectively inhibits such cell death, suggesting that propofol anesthesia is beneficial during operation and helps to regulate the immune function of in patients with sepsis.
Animals ; Caspase 1 ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages ; Mice ; Propofol ; Pyroptosis