Objectives:According to the present structural characteristics, the safety and the functional states of the old hyperbaric oxygen cabin used in our hospital for about 30 years, new techniques were rationally used in the reformation of the old cabin. And to keep the cabin in the first level in the country for its advancement, preeminence and technical contents in the safety and utility. Methods:Correctly understand the present national standards and regulations, carefully design the reformation plan after a thorough investigation, research and proof. And the reformation construction unit was chosen by public bidding after approved by the competent authorities of the local state. The local competent authorities and the specialized personnel in the hospital were invited during the reformation construction to exam and supervise on the spot. After the accomplishment of the reformation construction, the provincial and city competent authorities and the corresponding experts in this specialized field were invited to check and accept. Results:The check and acceptance report showed that the reformation construction was meticulous in the design and construction, the technological level was high, and several new advanced techniques had been used. The hyperbaric oxygen cabin after the reformation had a high safety and comfort. Some of the indexes had exceeded the present national standards, and achieved the national advanced standards for large medical hyperbaric oxygen cabins. Conclusions:Old cabins can be fully reformed into first level cabins in technical advancement and safety.

Objective To investigate the association between morniing blood pressure surge (MBPS) and carotid atherosclerosis in elder patients with essential hypertension. Methods According to the results of24h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, 106 patients were classified as the morning BP surge group (MBPS group,n = 58) ,and nonsurge group (NMBPS group, n = 48). Patients underwent carotid ultrasound and the intima-medial thickness (CCA-IMT) and plaques were examined. Results The CCA-IMT of the MBPS group was significantly thicker than that the NMBPS group[(1.27 ± 0. 12)mm vs (0.92 ± 0.33 )mm], P ＜ 0. 05 ) ;②Compared with the NMBPS group,the severity of carotid arteries plaque of the MBPS group was significantly higher (72. 15% vs 54.21% ), ( P ＜0. 01 ) ;③Pearson relation analysis showed CCA-IMT level positively correlated with age (r = 0.288, P ＜ 0.001 ) ,the average of 24h SBP ( r = 0. 768 ,P ＜ 0. 001 ), and MBPS ( r = 0. 768, P ＜ 0.001 ). Conclusion The study showed that MBPS was closely related with carotid atherosclerosis in elder patients with essential hypertension and was an important risk factor in the process of atheresclerosis.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for ischemic stroke in Uygur population in Xinjiang, China. Methods Using a case-control study mode, 504 Uygur patients with first-ever ischemic stroke and 507 Uygur healthy subjects w ere investigated in accordance w ith the principle of the ethnic, sex, and age matching. The risk factors for ischemic stroke w ere screened. Results Multivariate logistic regres-sion analysis showed that the obesity (odds ratio [OR] 4.82, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.80-12.94;P=0.002), hypertension ( OR 8.20, 95%CI 4.93-13.51; P<0.001), and heart disease ( OR 2.40, 95%CI 1.07-5.39;P=0.033) w ere the independent risk factors for ischemic stroke in Uygurs. While the education level of junior high school or above ( OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.18-0.81;P=0.012), tea drinking habit ( OR 0.22, 95%CI0.06-0.70; P=0.021), siesta habit ( OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.24-0.59; P<0.001), high levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( OR 0.34, 95%CI 0.20-0.59; P<0.001), and apolipoprotein A ( OR 0.23, 95%CI 0.07-0.77; P=0.017) were the protective factors for ischemic stroke. Conclusions The risk factors for ischemic stroke are more and typical in Uygur population in Xinjiang, China. Adjusting the diet structure of Uygurs, less taking meats and high-salt diet, intaking high fiber foods and fish, and appropriate physical exercise w il play an important role for the prevention of stroke in Uygur population.

Objective To investigate the results and complications in the treatment of the mechanically unstable fractures of the distal femur when Less Invasive Stabilization System (LISS) is used.Methods From September 2011 to July 2014,81 patients with mechanically unstable fractures of the distal femur were treated with the LISS,according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria,59 patients meet the condition including 31 male and 28 female.The mean age of the patients was 49.8 years (range 18-80 years).The fractures occurred on the left side in 40 cases and on the right side in 19 cases.According to AO classification,27 type 33A2,14 type 33A3,13 type 33C2,5 type 33C3.2 cases combined with ipsilateral fractures of the femoral shaft,according to AO classification,1 type 32A1,1 type 32C1.The mechanism of injury was a fall from the height in 8 cases,a traffic accident in 18 cases,a crush injury in 7 cases,a fall injury in 26 cases.55 fractures were closed,and 4 were open.According to the Gustilo-Anderson classification,there were 3 type Ⅰ,1 type Ⅱ.Results The 7-hole plate were used in 21 patients,9-hole plate in 26 patients and 13-hole plate in 12 cases.The 3.5 mm or 6.5 mm lag screw were placed around the LISS plate to stabilized the articular fracture fragment in 11 cases.The mean operation time was 105.2 min (85-145 min),the mean bleeding volume was 203 ml (130-315 ml).All patients were followed up 11-27 months (average 13.2 months).1 delayed union(13 months),the average time to union was 16 weeks (range 12-21 weeks).The average flexion of the knee was 116 degree,0 degree in extension.The functional outcome:32 had an excellent result,19 had a good result and 8 had a fair result,with 86.4％ excellent and good results.No deep infections occurred.No loss of reduction.3 cases had malalignment,2 failed fixation,4 patients with symptomatic hardware irritation.27 cases underwent implants removal after union,cold-welding occurred in 4 cases (9 screws) which resulted in difficult removal.Conclusion LISS is one of the reliable and effective methods in fixation of mechanically unstable fractures of the distal femur.However,its operation indications and operating instructions should be strictly followed.

This paper introduces the design for the function of ICU (intensive care unit) in the newly built medical hyperbaric chamber with three locks and seven doors pressurized with air. The care and emergency treatment equipment can be installed in the chamber with the newly functional characteristics.
Equipment Design ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; instrumentation ; Intensive Care Units

In the recent years, the damage of the spleen has been increased due to trauma or neoplastic diseases. Traditional view holds the point that the damaged spleen should be completely removed, but with the development of spleen surgery, the important physiological function of the spleen has been widely recognized, and partial splenectomy has been well recognized by the surgeons. This paper summarized the clinical experience in partial splenectomy and raised some technical points.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between prefrontal cortex and propofol-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats. Methods SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 300-350 g, aged 16 weeks, were used in this study. Thirty rats in which catheters were successfully implanted into the prefrontal lobe were divided into 2 groups ( n=15 each ) using a random number table method: control group (group C) and propofol group (group P). In group P, 50μmol/L propofol 0. 5μl was microinjected into the prefrontal cortex at day 7 after operation, and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C. T-maze test and open field test were performed at 15 min after administration. Results Com-pared with group C, the correct rate of selection in T-maze was significantly decreased ( P＜0. 05) , and no significant change was found in the total locomotor or number of rearing in open field test in group P ( P＞0. 05) . Conclusion Prefrontal cortex may be involved in propofol-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between lateral hypothalamus and melatonin-induced reduction of wakefulness in rats and the receptor mechanism.Methods:Forty clean-grade adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 250-300 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=10 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), melatonin group (group M), melatonin type-1/2 receptor (MT 1R) antagonist luzindole plus melatonin group (group L+ M), and melatonin type-2 receptor (MT 2R) antagonist 4P-PDOT plus melatonin group (P+ M group). In group C, 0.5 μl of 0.9% NaCl solution was microinjected into the lateral hypothalamus.In group M, 1 μmol/L melatonin 0.5 μl was microinjected into the lateral hypothalamus.In group L+ M, 1 μmol/L MT 1/2R and 1 μmol/L melatonin (0.5 μl in total) was microinjected into the lateral hypothalamus.The microinjection time was from 19: 30 to 20: 00.The changes in sleep-wake duration and the oscillating energy in different frequency bands of electroencephalogram were detected by using electroencephalogram and electromyogram recording technology. Results:Compared with group C, the percentage of wakefulness time was significantly decreased, the percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep time was increased, the energy for delta oscillation was increased, the energy for theta oscillation was decreased, and no significant change was found in the energy for alpha oscillation in M and P+ M groups ( P<0.01), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group L+ M ( P>0.05). Compared with group M, the percentage of wakefulness time was significantly increased, the percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep and rapid eye movement sleep time was decreased, the energy for delta oscillation was decreased, and the energy for theta oscillation was increased in group L+ M ( P<0.01), and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group P+ M ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The lateral hypothalamus may be involved in melatonin-induced reduction of wakefulness in rats, and the mechanism may be related to activating MT 1R in the lateral hypothalamus.

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of Maisonneuve fractures. Methods: Data of 21 cases of Maisonneuve fractures from February 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 5 females with an average age of 38.8 years (range, 21 to 61 years). The fractures occurred on the left side in 11 patients and on the right side in 10 patients. The causes of injuries were traffic accident in 4 patients, sprain injury in 9 patients and falling injury from height in 8 patients. There were 16 cases of medial malleolar fractures and 5 cases of ruptures of deltoid ligament (4 entirely and 1 partial). There were 17 cases of fractures of the posterior malleolus, among which there were 5 of typeⅠ, 8 of typeⅡ and 4 of type Ⅲ according to the Bartonícek classification of posterior malleolus. There were 4 cases without fracture of posterior malleolus including 1 complete disruption of posterior inferior tibiofibular ligament. Four cases were overlooked of Maisonneuve fracture at the first time. The interval between injury and operation was 2-12 days (mean, 4.9 days). Results: Stabilization of proximal fibular fractures were achieved with plate in 3 cases. There were 16 cases of medial malleolar fractures, and the fixation were achieved with cannulated screws in 13 cases and with anti-glide plates in 3 cases. The entirely rupture of deltoid ligament was repaired in 4 cases with suture anchors, the partial rupture of deltoid ligament was not repaired. There were 17 cases of posterior malleolar fractures, 12 cases treated with open reduction and internal fixation including cannulated screws in 9 cases and anti-glide plates in 3 cases. Stabilization of syndesmosis was achieved with syndesmotic plate in 1 case; the medial and posterior malleolar fractures were stabilized and anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament was repaired with suture anchor in 1 case; the other 19 cases were stabilized with syndesmotic screws, 2 screws in 11 cases and 1 screw in 8. Twenty-one patients were followed up for 13-48 months with an average of 25.6 months. The time of bony union was from 3 to 6 months with an average time of 4.9 months after operation. All patients received anatomical reduction without postoperative complications such as incision infection, reduction lose, breakage of screw and posttraumatic arthritis. In 13 cases, the syndesmotic screw was removed at the mean time of 15.38 weeks postoperative (range, 13-25 weeks). At the latest follow up, AOFAS score was from 84 to 100, with excellent in 13 cases, good in 8 cases, and the excellent and good rate was 100% (21/21). Baird-Jackson score was from 83 to 100, with excellent in 11 cases, good in 8 and fair in 2, and the excellent and good rate was 90.48%(19/21). Conclusion The diagnosis of proximal fibular fracture of Maisonneuve fracture is easily missed. The complete rupture of deep deltoid ligament and displaced obviously of posterior malleolar fracture should be reduction and stabilization. The accuracy of reduction of the syndesmosis is of great concern. The outcome of operation is satisfied.

Objective To explore the association between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke in Uygur population of Xinjiang.Methods A case-control study was performed,included 316 patients with ischemic stroke,admitted to our hospital from June 2007 to December 2013,and 316 age-and gender-matched healthy subjects in Uygur population of Hami.The genotypes ofrs2779248(C/T) and rs1137933(C/T) were determined by Taqman probe fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results The distribution frequencies of rs2779248 (CC,CT and TT) were 51.9％,42.1％ and 6.0％ in the patient group,ands 61.7％,30.1％ and 8.2％ in the controls,respectively.As compared with those with rs2779248 CC genotype,individuals with CT+TT genotype and CT genotype had higher risk ofischemic stroke,the odds ratio was 1.49 (95％CI:1.09-2.05,P=0.013)and 1.66 (95％CI:1.19-2.32,P=0.003).The distribution frequencies ofrs1137933 (CC,CT and TT) were 66.8％,28.5％ and 4.7％ in the patient group,ands 66.8％,27.8％ and 5.4％ in the controls,respectively;no significant difference was noted between the patient group and controls in the distribution frequencies (P＞0.05).Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis indicated that mutation of genotype C＞T in rs2779248was the independent risk factor of ischemic stroke in Uygur population of Hami after adjusting related risk factors (OR=1.55,95％CI:1.00-2.40,P=0.049).Conclusion The polymorphisms ofrs2779248 in iNOS gene may modify the risk of ischemic stroke in Uygur population of Hami,but no association is found in rs1137933.