Objective To investigate the protective effects of Cilazapri l on focal cerebral ischemia of spontaneous hypertensive rats. Method Focal cerebral ischemia of spontaneous hypertensive rats wer e made by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery(MCA). Cilazapril treated group was taken cilazapril 4 weeks before model was made. TTC staining,HE staining,Nis sl's staining,immunohistochemistry, and image analysis were taken to estimate th e area of ischemia,number of dead neural cells,optical density of positive cell of Nissl's staining,HSP70 and NF-k BP65 immunohistochemistry reaction in ischem ia area. Result Cilazapril could reduce the area of ischemia and behavior sc ores,decrease the number of died neural ce lls,increase the optical density of positive cell of Nissl's staining,reduce th e optical density of NF-k BP65. No effect on HSP70 immunohistochemistry reactio n was found. Conclusion Cilazapril could decrease infarction of focal ischemia o f spontaneous hypertensive rats, promote the functional restoration of rats,decr ease nerve cell death,inhibit the expression of NF-k B. Cilazapril inhibited in flammatory reaction and that could be one of its protective mechanisms.