OBJECTIVE: To establish and optimize the preparation method of protoporphyrin disodium (NAPP) from non-anticoagulant porcine blood.METHODS: Heme was prepared from non-anticoagulant porcine blood firstly.Ferrous sulfide was added into heme to prepare NAPP by saponification and esterification reaction.UV absorption spectrum and infrared spectrum were applied for qualitative test,and ultraviolet spectrophotometry was adopted for quantitative detection of NAPP.Orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the preparation method of NAPP and to determine the optimal parameters of the preparation process.RESULTS: The preparation method of NAPP from non-anticoagulant porcine blood was established.10.6 g heme could be obtained from per kilogram of non-anticoagulant porcine blood and 3.46 g NAPP could be obtained from per 5 g heme.The purity quotient of NAPP was 88.8%.The optimal parameters for the preparation of NAPP were as followed: incremental amount of methanol vs.chloroform was 70 mL ∶ 120 mL in estrification process;Incremental amount of toluene vs.1 mol?L-1 sodium hydroxide-methanol solution was 50 mL ∶ 80 mL in saponification process.The sample was extracted by continuous therma reflux at 90 ℃ for 2.0 h.CONCLUSION: The established preparation method of NAPP from non-anticoagulant porcine blood is an ideal approach for the preparation of NAPP with simple operation,abundant raw material,short preparation cycle,low cost and high yield.

Objective To study the anatomic characteristics of Zuckerkandl's tubercle (ZT) and its clinical relevance as an anatomic landmark of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) in thyroid surgery.Methods This study involved 147 (106 with benign thyroid diseases and 41 with malignancies) patients who underwent thyroidectomy.ZT was measured and classified based on the Pelizzo classification.The relationship between ZT and the RLN and the relationship between the RLN and the inferior thyroid artery were recognized and classified.Results 233 (107 left and 126 right) thyroid gland lobes were dissected and ZT was identified in most patients (left in 93.5％ and right in 96.0％).The distribution of ZT according to grade was as follows:Grade 0,left 16.0％ and right 13.2％ ; Grade Ⅰ,left 32.0％ and right 27.3％ ; Grade Ⅱ,left 46.0％ and right 44.6％ ; Grade Ⅲ,left 6.0％ and right 14.9％.There was no significant difference on classification between the left-sided and right-sided ZTs.In terms of the relationship between the ZT and the RLN,it was classified as follows:Type A,left 92.9％ and right 93.3％ ; Type B:left 0 and right 0; Type C:left 7.1％ and right 6.7％.Similarly,there was no significant difference between the left sided and the right sided.The ZT grade was correlated with the course of the RLN:the higher the ZT grade was (that is,the greater the size of the ZT),the more often was the course of RLN behind the back of the ZT; the lower the ZT grade (that is,the smaller the size of the ZT),the more often was the course of RLN running by the lateral of the ZT.Considering the incidence of being dangerous type of RLN,the right sided (19.0％) was higher than the left sided (8.3％).The relationship between the ZT and the RLN does not relate to RLN course across the inferior thyroid artery.Conclusions As an important anatomic landmark,the ZT is essential for locating and dissecting the RLN during thyroid surgery,and its classification is a guide to RLN dissection and preservation.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of acupoint application on lipid metabolism in elderly diabetics with hyperlipidemia.Methods60 elder diabetics were divided into two groups.In the drugs group,patients were purely treated with simvastatin or lipanthyl.In the acupoint group, patients received acupoint application.The serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipeprotein (HDL-C), aPoprotein A(ApoA) and apoprotein B(ApoB) ere measured respectively.Adverse events were observed.ResultsThe levels of TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB were significantly dechned(all P ＜0.01 ～0.05).However,the rates of reduce lipid had no significant difference in two groups(P ＞0.05).The levels of HDL-C and ApoA were increased in the drugs group,but the homologous levels in the acupoint group showed no significantly change(all p ＞ 0.05).The adverse reaction in the acupoint group was significantly lower than that in the drugs group(P ＜0.05).ConclusionAcupoint application could decrease the blood lipid spectrum in the senile diabetics with hyperlipidemia.This therapeutics could reduce adverse drug reactions.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of methylene blue as a method in lymphatic mapping and the effect factors of SLNB identification rate. Methods The results of SLNB in 276 patients with clinical stage T-T2N0M0 breast eaneer were analyzed to evaluate the effect factors of identification rate and false-neg-ative rate of SLNB. Results The identification of SLN was carried out using methylene blne . When the mapping time of SLN and lymphatic were controlled in 20～30 minutes, the SLN could be visualized easily. SLN was successfully identified in 246 of 276 patients (89.1%) ,423 SLNs were retrieved(1～4). The SLN accurately predicted the status of the axilla in 226 of 246 patients (77.3%) yielding a FNR(false negative rate)of 8.1% (20/246) ,false positive rate of0, and an accuracy of 91.9% (226/241). For the identified rate of SLN, the clinical stage of T2N0M0 disease was higher than the clinical stage of T1N0M0 disease (P=0.046,P<0.05), Upper outer quadrant and lower outer quadrant were higher than other evidently (P<0.0010). SLNs were easily retrieved in those cases aged above 50 years than below 50 years (P<0.001).In the view of false-negative rate of SLNB, the FNR rate in patients of 50 years old was less than older ones (P=0.037, P<0.05). No significant correlation was found between the stage of TMN, the expression of ER and PR, histologic status and FNR. Conclusion When SLNB was performed using methylene blue, we found age, clinical stage of TMN, the location of tumor had relationship with the identified rate of SLN. Ag-ing and location of tumor may adversely affect FNR of SLNB.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharides on immune function injury induced by X rays in SD rats. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Angelicae Sinensis Radix Decoction group, Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharide group and positive medicine group. After routine feeding for 14 day, each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage, while control group and model group were given the same amount of distilled water for gavage, once a day for 7 d. From the 8th day, except for the control group, the rats in the rest of groups were subjected to whole-body X ray irradiation, continuous exposure to 2 d; the total absorbed dose was 6 Gy. The rats were killed by femoral artery after irradiate 3 d. The WBC count, RBC, HGB, and PLT in peripheral blood were observed by blood routine test; the number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow was observed by nucleated cell count method; the pathological changes of spleen were observed by HE staining under microscope; the contents of IFN-γ and IL-4 in serum were detected by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the spleen index WBC, number of bone marrow nucleated cells and serum contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in model group was significantly lower (P<0.05), The contents of RBC and HGB increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, WBC, number of bone marrow nucleated cells, and the contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum of each administration group increased significantly (P<0.05); RBC and HGB decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharides have protective effects on the immune function injure induced by X ray in SD rats.

Objective To evaluate a new gene therapy for the treatment of experimental occlusive arterial disease Methods Magnetic nanospheres were produced, VEGF gene was cloned for subsequent construction of eukaryotic expression plasmid The magnetic gelatin microspheres used in targeted gene therapy were prepared by emulsion crosslinking method The microspheres were injected intrafemorally in rabbits through contralateral femoral artery, and the ischemic limb was placed in a magnetic field Angiography was performed on day 10 and day 30 respectively The capillary density and the capillary to muscle fiber ratio were determined histochemically Results Compared to the controls there was significant collateral artery development in VEGF transfected group The capillary density and the capillary to muscle fiber ratio were significantly higher for the VEGF transfected group than for the control group. The capillary density of control was (125?23)/mm 2, and in VEGF group was (298?27)/mm 2, P

Objective:To investigate the current status of the employment quality of public health graduates and feedback from employers.Method:s The questionnaires covering employing fields, coherence between major and employment, ways to find job and feedback from employers were used. A total of 309 bachelor graduates majoring in public health from Grade 2011 to Grade 2016 were selected as study objects via random cluster sampling method. In addition, online and offline synchronization survey were adopted to collect employment data; SPSS 22.0 was used for analyzing the data. Employment quality of graduates from different specialties as well as feedback of employers were compared.Result:s Bachelor graduates in public health had an employment rate of 100%; 19.75% (61/309) graduates in public health changed work place, while the most had a stable job; 50.10% (155/309) graduates had work relatively or fully related to their specialties. Bachelor graduates in public affairs management had a relatively high level of satisfaction in salary, welfare insurance and others (χ 2=18.805, P=0.043). Employers were satisfied with the bachelor graduates generally, but also believed that their professional knowledge and innovation ability should be improved. Conclusion:The overall employment quality of bachelor graduates in public health is good, but there is still room to improve the quality. The overall evaluation for graduates is high, and few organizations consider bachelor graduates of poor quality. In summary, schools should optimize course setting, cultivate comprehensive quality, and strengthen students' humanistic education.

BACKGROUND:Because of complicated biomechanics of lumbar vertebra, mast facet osteoarthritis, degenerative joint disease and vertebral subluxation usual y occur fol owing lumbar fusion. To avoid adjacent segment disease, researchers have transformed strong internal fixation into elastic fixation, but the treatment outcomes are barely satisfactory. Furthermore, factors involving adjacent segment disease remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the relationship between L3-4 segment disease fol owing lumbar fusion and gender. METHODS:200 patients undergoing lumbar fusion of L4-5 and L5-S1 in the First Hospital of Shijiazhuang ranging from 2007 to 2016 were enrol ed, and then al otted into male and female groups (n=100 per group) for retrospective analysis. The incidence of L3-4 segment disease was compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the male group, in the female group, the incidence of L3-4 segment diseases at different fusion locations and ranges, the Oswestry disability index and visual analogue scale and each migration range were significantly higher. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender was one of the independent factors of L3-4 segment disease following lumbar fusion of L3-4 and L5-S1. These findings suggest that gender is one of the influencing factors of L3-4 segment disease after instrumented lumbar;thereby, adjacent segment disease occurs frequently in female patients.

Objective To investigate the proper selection of methods of hepatic vascular control during(resection) of liver carcinoma.Methods Ninety-foury cases of liver carcinoma underwent hepatectomy using 4 different types of hapatic vascular control in our hospital.The operative time,amount of intraoperative blood loss,transfusion,and postoperative drainage,changes of postoperative liver function and complications were analyzed and compared between the 4 groups.Results Of the 94 cases,38(40.4%) underwent routine Pringle′s maneuver,34(36.2%) had selective hemihepatic vascular exclusion,18(19,1%) without(hepatic) inflow occlasion and 4(4.3%) had total vascular exclusion during hepatectomies.All tumors were entirely removed and operations were performed smoothly.Postoperative complications occurred 24 case-times and 2 patients(2.1%) died.Conclusions The selection of method of hepatic vascular control during(hepatectomy) for massive liver carcinoma should be comprehensively determined,based on the size and location of tumor,preoperative liver function,diffculty of hepatectomy and findings at intraoperative exploration.Proper method manner of hepatic vascular control is crucial for successful operation and uneventful recovery of the(patient).

Objective: To investigate the age related changes in cervical range of motion (CROM) and its relationship with cervical spondylosis in school students aged 12-18 in Nanyang City, to provide reference for prevention, early diagnosis and treatment evaluation of cervical spondylosis. Methods: Stratified sampling was adopted in 13 counties and districts of Nanyang City and 890 students aged 12-18 were assessed for CROM using the Coda Motion Analyzer. SPSS 19.0 was used to data analyze. Results: A decreasing trend was observed in CROM among boys and girls aged 12-18 years in Nanyang. For boys aged 15 and 18 years old, higher anterior flexion ( t =2.02, 2.70), posterior extension ( t =2.01, 2.81), left flexion ( t =3.51, 2.99), right flexion ( t =5.07, 2.66), sinistral ( t =2.28, 2.92) and dextral ( t =2.91,3.60) were found compared with younger age groups ( P <0.05). Similar findings were found in girls aged 15 and 18-years old [anterior flexion ( t =2.38, 2.20), posterior extension ( t =2.09,2.02), left flexion ( t =2.33, 2.55), right flexion ( t =7.34, 4.60), sinistral ( t =3.73, 2.35) and dextral ( t =2.31, 3.99, P <0.05). Except for the right flexion, the CROM of boys in was higher than that of girls at the same age group. The prevalence of cervical spondylosis showed an increasing trend (boys: χ 2 trend =13.93, girls: χ 2 trend =12.87, P <0.05). Except for 14-year-old group, the prevalence of cervical spondylosis in girls was higher than that in boys, with significant differences observed in 15 and 17-year-old groups ( χ 2=10.35, 9.64, P <0.05). Conclusion With the increase of age, the CROM of male and female students shows a downward trend in general. The prevalence of cervical spondylosis increases with the decrease of CROM. CROM measurement is conducive to the prevention, early diagnosis and treatment of juvenile cervical spondylosis.