The JAK/STAT pathway contributes to control gene expression,cell growth,proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis and immunoregulation.Recent studies have found that the JAK/STAT pathway was closely related to the occurrence and development of lymphoid neoplasms.The study of JAK/STAT pathway could lead to new treatment strategies for lymphoid neoplasm treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil on the treatment of decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis patients. Methods One hundred thirty-six patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis were randomly administered the combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil (combination group), only lamivudine( LAM group)and only adefovir dipivoxil (ADV group). The liver founction tests, ChildPugh scores and the rate of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA were measured at baseline,six months after therapy and 12 months after therapy. Results The rate of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA ( ＜ 1 ×103cop/ml)of combination group were 78.3% and 85.2% respectively at six and twelve months after therapy. The rates of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA of LAM group were 62. 1% and 57.8% respectively at six and twelve months after therapy. The rates of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA of ADV group were 41.3% and 53.6% respectively at six and twelve months after therapy. Compared with the LAM and ADV group, The rates of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA of combination group were higher. In addition, the rates of better conversion of liver function tests and Child-Pugh scores were higher in combination group than LAM and ADV groups.Conclusion The combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil could more effectively improve liver founction tests, Child-Pugh scores and the rates of negative conversion for the serum HBV-DNA in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis than only lamivudine and only adefovir dipivoxil.

Aim To explore the effects and its mechanisms of ginsenoside-Rg1 on level of t-PA and PAI-1.Methods Type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI-1) and tissue type plasminogen activator(t-PA) activity in plasma were assayed using chromogenic substrate.Results The results showed that ginsenoside-Rg1 in vitro or in vivo significantly inhibited PAI-1activity,while increased t-PA activity.These effects were concentration-dependent.Intravenous Panax notoginsenoside Rg1 at 30,60,120 and 240 mg?kg~(-1) markedly suppressed PAI-1 level in plasma as well as platelet-released substances stimulated by thrombin,while increased plasma t-PA activity.And release level of PAI-1 owing to blood platelet was greatly decreased by ginsenoside-Rg1.Conclusion Ginsenoside-Rg1 showed potent antithrombosis due to the inhibition of PAI-1 and increase of t-PA.It might also be a advantagous mechanism to its antithrombsis.

BACKGROUND: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a non-inflammatory, bilaterally progressive, retinal degeneration characterized by loss of photoreceptor cells via an apoptotic mechanism, and it eventually leads to blindness.Research shows that the traditional Chinese medicines of Astragalus has great prospect on blocking the progression of RP disease.OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effect of Astragalus on N-methylN-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced retinal damage in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats and provide the optimal treatment for RP in humans.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment.SETTING: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical College.MATERIALS :The experiment was completed in Pharmacological Laboratory of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Centre, Sun Yat-sen University between March to December 2004. Totally 114 female SD rats were purchased from the Animal Center of Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-sen University.MNU was purchased from Sigma Company of America. Astragalus injection was purchased from Chengdu Diao Jiuhong Pharmaceutical Factory (Batch No. Z99060535, 2 mL/ampoule, main ingredient: Astragalus).METHODS: Among 114rats, 30 were for morphometric analysis of retinal layers, 30 were for detection of apoptosis and 54 were for detection of NF-κB p65 activity. All of them were randomly divided into different groups and each group had 6 rats. Astragalus at doses of 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg were injected intraperitoneally into 47-day rats once a day. Meanwhile, a single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MNU was given to 50-day rats in model and Astragalus groups. At different intervals after MNU treatment,the animals were sacrificed. Retinal damage was evaluated based on retinal thickness, the apoptotic index of the photoreceptor cells was detected by TUNEL labeling and the DNA-binding activity of NF-κB p65 was analyzed according to transcription factor assay kit.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of retinal thickness, apoptotic index and the activity of nuclear NF-κB p65.RESULTS: Totally 114 rats entered the result analysis. Pretreatment with Astragalus could dose-dependently suppress MNU-induced photoreceptor cell loss and decreased the apoptotic index. Astragalus at dose of 10 g/kg also time-dependently up-regulated the activity of nuclear NF-κB p65.However, protective effect of Astragalus on MNU-induced central retinal damage was not found.CONCLUSION: Astragalus partially protects against MNU-induced retinal damage by up-modulating the activity of nuclear NF-κB p65 to inhibit apoptosis of photoreceptor cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Rifabutin(RBT) is a rifamycin derivative,like rifampicin(RIF),registered for the prophylaxis and treatment of mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)in patients with AIDS by FDA in 1992.Subsequently,the drug was approved by many other countries.But now,it is used not only in the prophlaxis and treatment of mycobacterium avium complex but also in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and Helicobacter pylori.For its high lipophilic characteristic and weak inducing properties compare to other rifamycin derivative,it can be applied in treatment with many diseases successfully,especially when combine with other antibiotics,and can solve the problem of traditional antibiotics resistance and increase the clinical safety of combined medical treatment.This paper just shows the progress of clinical pharmacological study and related aspects on rifabutin in order to instruct prescription.

Insulin is the most common medicine used for diabetic patients, unfortunately, its effective time is short, even the long-acting insulin cannot obtain a satisfactory effect. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-21 is a recently discovered glucose mediator and expected to be a potential anti-diabetic drug that does not rely on insulin. In this study, db/db mice were used as the type 2 diabetic model to examine whether mFGF-21 has the long-term blood lowering effect on the animal model. The results showed that mFGF-21 could stably maintain the blood glucose at normal level for a long-term in a dose-dependent manner. Administration of mFGF-21 once a day with three doses (0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg x kg(-1)) could maintain blood glucose of the model animals at normal level for at least 24 h. Administration of mFGF-21 every two days with the same doses could maintain blood glucose of the model animals at normal level for at least 48 h, although it took longer time for blood glucose to reach to normal level depending on doses used (twenty injections for 0.125 mg x kg(-1) and 0.25 mg x kg(-1) doses, ten injections for 0.5 mg x kg(-1) dose). Surprisingly, the blood glucose of the treated model animals still maintained at normal level for 24 h after the experiment terminated. Glycosylated hemoglobin level of the animals treated with mFGF-21, which represented long-term glucose status, decreased significantly compared to the control group and the insulin group. The results suggest that FGF-21 has potential to become a long-acting and potent anti-diabetic drug.

ObjectivesTo retrospectively analyze the clinicopathological features of neuroblastoma (NB) and investigate the signiifcance of abnormality ofN-myc and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene copy number change as well asALKmu-tations in NB.Methods Eighty-three NB patients were collected and classiifed into different subgroups according to the clinical stage and histology. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed to detect the abnormalities ofN-mycandALK genes. The extracted DNA was ampliifed by PCR and sequenced to investigate the point mutations of theALK gene. Follow-up data were collected and survival analysis was performed.ResultsFISH detection showed that the aberration ofN-mycgene copy number presented as gain and ampliifcation. The aberration ofALK gene presented as point mutation and gain. It was shown that 17 cases had the abnormality of bothN-myc andALK gene. Survival analysis showed that the prognostic factors included the clinical stage, age and abnormality ofN-myc genes.ConclusionDetection ofN-myc andALK abnormality in NB would be helpful for evaluating the prognosis and providing theoretical basis forALK target therapy.

Objective To assess follow-up work status for the patients with breast cancer and analyze the impact factor of the follow-up rate.Methods 331 female patients with complete clinical data in diagnosis and treatment with breast cancer from December 2006 to November 2008 in Shanxi Cancer Hospital were follow-up investigated by telephone.With Logistic regression method,the analysis was preformed on the impact related factors of follow-up effect.Results Telephone follow-up rate was 82.8 ％ (274/331).There was significant difference on the long-term residence between follow-up group and missing group (Fisher exact probability method,P =0.045),the results of regression analysis showed that follow-up results were influenced by the patient's occupation (β=-0.279,s-x =0.116,Wald =5.806,P =0.016,OR =0.757,95 ％ CI 0.603-0.949).Conclusion The telephone investigation for breast cancer patients is an important way for postoperative follow-up.The occupation of patient might influence the investigate results.

This paper aims to explore the feasibility of establishing a representative work screening method based on the academic recognition of the paper. Through comparative analysis of the strong and weak points of representative method, h-index core method, the subjective selection results by faculty applying for higher professional titles, and the academic recognition method established in this research (Q1 Journal-Percentile in Subject Area-Category Normalized Citation Impact, Q1-PSA-CNCI), representative works were introduced into the Z-index to form the Zh, Zr and Zq-index, and the correlations between the indicators were analyzed. Compared with other methods, the number of representative works obtained by the Q1-PSA-CNCI method is more reasonable. There was significant correlation among the indicators (P < 0.05), with no significant difference in the Zq-index among faculty evaluated for different professional titles (P > 0.05). Studies have shown that the Q1-PSA-CNCI method could help to screen representative works and was more reasonable than the number of representative works selected based on the other two methods, so Zq-index could be used as an indicator for representative work evaluation to provide reference for the qualitative evaluation of papers. It is more reasonable to improve the review process with the participation of "small peers".

Objective:This study examined the associations between the levels of bile acids in early pregnancy and the occurrence of overweight.Methods:From 2010 to 2012, 22 302 pregnant women were recruited by Tianjin Women and Children′s Health Center to investigate gestational diabetes. Two hundred and forty-three women with gestational diabetes mellitus provided overnight fasting blood samples in the first trimester, and 243 counterparts without gestational diabetes mellitus matched on age were selected randomly to establish a nested case-control study. The association between bile acids and overweight were evaluated by binary logistic regression with data from 166 overweight pregnant women (body mass index≥24.0 kg/m 2) and 320 normal weight subjects (body mass index <24.0 kg/m 2). Results:Compared to non-overweight group, the level of primary unconjugated bile acids in overweight group was significantly higher. After adjustment of confounding factors, the OR of cholic acid (CA)>0.086 nmol/mL for overweight was 2.09 (95% CI 1.14-3.80, adjusted P=0.040), and OR of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)>0.043 nmol/mL was 2.15 (95% CI 1.22-3.78, adjusted P=0.040) compared with the lower groups. However, the significant associations between the other bile acids and overweight were not detected. Stepwise selection was used to identify significant bile acid species in logistic regression. We found that only CA was independently associated with overweight, and the OR of CA>0.086 nmol/mL vs≤0.086 nmol/mL was 2.03 (95% CI 1.11-3.74, P=0.022). Conclusion:CA and CDCA in early pregnancy maybe associated with overweight, and CA might be independently associated with overweight.