A transomental hernia is a rare type of internal hernia. Only one case of this type of hernia has been reported in Korea whereas several cases have been described in other countries. This is the second case of a mechanical obstruction caused by a transomental internal hernia in Korea. We report this case with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Hernia* ; Intestinal Obstruction* ; Korea

Fasciotomy wounds are a major contributor to prolonged hospital stay and can lead to amputation. Although it is generally recommended to close the fasciotomy wound as early as possible, it is usually challenging. Primary closure is more favorable because it commences more functional and esthetic results with less morbidity. But primary closure is difficult to achieve due to skin edema, retraction and necrosis. Topical negative pressure care (TNP) has been used in other areas of wound care, such as mediastinitis and burn wounds. TNP has recently gained popularity and has shown promising outcomes. Topical negative pressure systems are commercially available but very expensive. We designed a modified negative pressure system with wall-suction and applied it to a complicated fasciotomy wound. We herein report our experience with a review of related literatures.
Amputation ; Burns ; Edema ; Length of Stay ; Mediastinitis ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Vacuum

Renal artery aneurysm (RAA) is a rare disease, and the precise incidence has not been very well known. It appears that with the increasing use of diagnostic ultrasound, computed tomography and arteriography, RAA are being identified more frequently than in the past. Rupture of RAA is associated with 10% mortality and the chance of nephrectomy is very high. Although, most of renal artery aneurysms are treated by endovascular technique, surgery is often necessary for aneurysms associated with bifurcation area or large braches. Here, we report a case of saccular renal artery aneurysm which was managed by open surgery.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Endovascular Procedures ; Incidence ; Nephrectomy ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Artery ; Rupture

BACKGROUND: Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) is known to be associated with bone marrow transplantion. It is very rare in solid organ transplantation, especially in renal transplantation. There were only a few reported cases of GVHD in pancreas, liver transplant recipients or transfusion associated GVHD in immunocompromised patients. CASE: A 36 years-old man received renal transplantation from his mother on May 20th, 1996. Cyclosporine A, azathioprine & prednisolone were used as immunosuppressants. There was no episode of acute rejection after transplantation. After transplantation, he suffered from cytomegalovirus (CMV) cystitis, bile duct stones. He had never been transfused blood products since transplantation. Thereafter, his post-transplantation course was quite favorable until December 20th, 2003, when troublesome diarrhea and weight loss developed. At that time, he was taking 1.25 g/day of MMF (25 mg/kg/day). Hospital course: The MMF dose was reduced to 500mg bid (312 mg/m2/dose or 20 mg/kg/day) under the suspicion of CMV colitis. The results of serologic test and culture for CMV were all negative. The colonoscopic biopsy revealed pathologic features such as crypt drop-out, crypt abscess, crypt atrophy, single cell apoptosis and goblet cell depletion just like in GVHD. He had no necrotic skin lesion and his liver function test was in normal range. However, his complete blood count showed pancytopenic features. The MMF was discontinued immediately after the pathologic results were reported. His diarrhea and other clinical sym-ptoms were disappeared, and the pancytopenic features recovered gradually after discontinuation of MMF. He also gained 2.6 kg weight and discharged with good graft function.
Abscess ; Adult ; Apoptosis ; Atrophy ; Azathioprine ; Bile Ducts ; Biopsy ; Blood Cell Count ; Bone Marrow ; Colitis* ; Cyclosporine ; Cystitis ; Cytomegalovirus ; Diarrhea ; Goblet Cells ; Graft vs Host Disease ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Kidney Transplantation ; Liver ; Liver Function Tests ; Mothers ; Organ Transplantation ; Pancreas ; Prednisolone ; Reference Values ; Serologic Tests ; Skin ; Transplantation* ; Transplants ; Weight Loss

OBJECTIVE: To investigate trends of the research designs and statistical methods in the Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine (ARM) published from 2005 to 2015 through a comparison of articles with the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (APMR). METHODS: The authors reviewed all articles published in ARM and APMR for the years 2005 and 2015 in order to determine their research designs as well as their statistical methods used in each article. RESULTS: In ARM, randomized controlled trials increased from 4.5% in 2005 to 6.5% in 2015. In APMR, randomized controlled trials increased from 8.1% in 2005 to 14.0% in 2015, meta-analyses increased to 5.3%, and systematic reviews increased to 6%. The number of studies using statistical methods increased in ARM from 1.9 to 2.6 per article and in APMR, from 2.7 to 3.1. Use of advanced methods in ARM also showed an increase from 2005 to 2015. CONCLUSION: This study concludes that there is a trend of increased awareness and attempts to use varied research approaches in ARM articles. There should also be more in-depth discussions and opportunities for researchers to share their experiences regarding statistical methods in the clinical field.
Arm ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Methods* ; Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ; Rehabilitation* ; Research Design*

PURPOSE: One of the major drawbacks of peritoneal dialysis (PD) is catheter migration and dysfunction. Preventing catheter migration is one of the main concerns. We compared laparoscopic internal fixation method with open surgical method for catheter migration rates. METHODS: From January 2008 to August 2009, PD catheters were inserted by laparoscopic fixation (LF) method in 22 patients and by open surgery (OS) in 32 patients. Clinical data were reviewed retrospectively. The frequency of migration, peritonitis, and other complications were compared. Catheter and patient survival rates were also compared. RESULTS: The mean age and sex ratio were not different between groups. Mean follow-up duration was 29.1 months in LF group and 26.1 months in OS group. More patients in LF group (27.3%) had history of laparotomy than in OS group (3.1%) (P = 0.01). The mean operation time was significantly longer in LF group (101.6 +/- 30.4 minutes) than in OS group (72.4 +/- 26.03 minutes) (P = 0.00). The cumulative incidence of catheter migration was 65.6% in OS group and 13.6% in LF group (P = 0.00). Migration-free catheter survival was higher in LF group (P = 0.001). There were no differences in complication rates between groups. Overall catheter survival was similar (P = 0.93). Patient survival rate at 2 years was not different (P = 0.13). CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic internal fixation of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis catheter significantly reduces migration rates without any addition of complications. Also, laparoscopic technique did not incur patient morbidity or mortality despite the requirement for general endotracheal anesthesia and longer operation time. Therefore, internal fixation can be afforded safely in patients with previous abdominal surgery as either a salvage or preventive measure in patients with repeated catheter migration.
Anesthesia ; Catheters ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparoscopy ; Laparotomy ; Peritoneal Dialysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory ; Peritonitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: Venous reflux in primary varicose vein arises from the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ), and the saphenopopliteal junction (SPJ) and it can arise from the non-junctional great saphenous vein (GSV) tributaries and, the non-saphenous veins. Superficial venous surgery (SVS) is associated with a significant improvement in the lower leg venous hemodynamics. We performed a retrospective study to examine the prevalence of the reflux pattern in the primary varicose veins and, to observe any change of non-junctional GSV reflux. METHOD: From May 2004 to July 2005, 481 patients (766 limbs) were diagnosed with venous incompetence by performing a duplex ultrasound examination. A follow-up duplex ultrasound examination was performed for a group of non-junctional GSV reflux patients and for a group of patient having both superficial vein reflux and deep vein reflux. RESULT: The prevalence of SFJ reflux, SPJ reflux, below the knee GSV reflux with competent SFJ and, non saphenous vein reflux was 82%, 13%, 10% and, 4.5% respectively. In the patients with SVS who had deep vein reflux (DVR), DVR was absent in only on two patients (6%). Eight patients (9.1%) of the 88 primary varicose vein patients had asymptomatic left iliac vein obstruction detected by performing an ascending venogram during radiofrequency ablation (RFA). On the duplex findings after SVS, the reflux pattern of left deep venous system was not different from the right deep venous system. CONCLUSION: Varicose veins may occur in any vein, even if junctional reflux is predominant. Careful duplex ultrasound evaluation will delineate the changing pattern of venous reflux with/without SVS. Although superficial venous surgery must fit the patient's map, the results might be variable. Prospective studies are needed to analyze the dynamics of venous reflux after SVS.
Catheter Ablation ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Iliac Vein ; Knee ; Leg ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; Ultrasonography ; Varicose Veins* ; Veins

PURPOSE: Despite advances in the techniques and development of new devices, endovascular (EV) procedures are not the panacea for peripheral vascular diseases. This is partly because substantial cases are too complicated to manage with only EV procedures and partly because of the relatively large size of devices. We reviewed our experience of hybrid vascular procedures and report here on their outcomes. METHODS: Between August 2008 and March 2010, thirteen cases of hybrid vascular operation were performed. A retrospective review of electronic medical records was performed. The primary outcome measures were technical outcomes and patency rates. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 17.7 months. Treatment indications were as follows: critical ischemia (n=6), claudication (n=3), abdominal aortic aneurysm with leg ischemia (n=3), and unstable aortic atheroma with recurrent embolism (n=1). All operations were performed under local anesthesia in an angiography suite. A single surgeon and a single interventional radiologist performed all the major procedures together. Technical and clinical success rates were 92.3%. All limbs were salvaged in patients with critical ischemia. The primary patency rate of the 13 cases was 83.3% at 1 year. There was no in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSION: hybrid vascular operation is useful for patients with a complex vascular condition. The role of hybrid vascular operation should be established with regards to not only the cost benefit but also the long-term outcomes.
Anesthesia, Local ; Angiography ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; Chimera ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Electronic Health Records ; Embolism ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Leg ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is believed to cause serious complications. PTDM might be one of the important risk factors of cardiovascular death after renal transplantation. Because the consequence of PTDM is expected to take long time, long-term follow-up is necessary. We performed this study not only to define the prevalence and risk factors of PTDM but also to define the long-term clinical impact of PTDM. METHODS: Among 508 patients who had received renal transplantation at Seoul National University Hospital between July 1969 and December 1995, 431 patients were included. Patients were grouped into PTDM and non-DM groups. The clinical characteristics were compared between two groups. RESULTS: Mean follow-up duration was 121.9 months (2~346 months). PTDM was developed in 68 (15.8%) patients. Recipient age at transplantation (P=0.004), family history of DM (P=0.000) and obesity (P= 0.000) were significant risk factors in multivariate analysis. Complications of PTDM such as cerebrovascular disease (CVD, P=0.040), ischemic heart disease (IHD, P=0.040), and infection (p=0.044) were significantly more frequent in PTDM group. The frequency of chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) was not different between two groups. Although graft survival rate was not affected by PTDM, patient survival rate was significantly lower in PTDM group (P=0.002). CONCLUSION: PTDM increased complication rates such as CVD, IHD and infection. PTDM seemed not to affect graft survival, but to worsen the patient survival rate.
Allografts ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Multivariate Analysis ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Survival Rate ; Transplantation*

PURPOSE: It has been known that the incidence of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is variable according to the immunosuppressant used. The goals of this study are to uncover the factors associated with the development of PTDM and to clarify the fate of PTDM. METHODS: The medical records of 267 patients who underwent renal transplant between 1996 and December 2002 at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups: cyclosporine group (CsA, n=179), high tacrolimus group (HFK, mean trough level during post-transplant 2 week>15 ng/m, n=33) and low tacrolimus group (LFK, mean trough level during post- transplant 2 week< or =15 ng/mL, n=55). The incidence, risk factors of PTDM and clinical fate were analyzed. RESULTS: PTDM developed in 46 (17.2%) patients. PTDM incidence of HFK group (60.6%) was significantly higher than CsA group (10.1%) and LFK group (14.5%) (P=0.000). Tacrolimus use, age at the time of transplantation (>40year), family history of diabetes and obesity (BMI>25) were the risk factors for PTDM development. Incidences of associated clinical events, such as acute rejection, cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, or infection were not different between PTDM and non-PTDM group. PTDM was resolved in 13 out of 46 patients (28.3%). Only 7 out of 33 patients (21.2%) in whom PTDM persisted lost their graft. CONCLUSION: PTDM incidence was higher in HFK group. So, LFK protocol is considered to be safe and beneficial, at least in terms of PTDM. Tacrolimus as immunosuppressant, recipient, family history of DM and obesity were the risk factors of PTDM development. PTDM was reversible in 28.3% of patients. PTDM had little impact on clinical outcomes during mid-term period.
Cyclosporine ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Humans ; Immunosuppression ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Myocardial Infarction ; Obesity ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seoul ; Stroke ; Tacrolimus ; Transplants