Cancer prevention and treatment have developed from evidence-based model into personalized model.Precise medicine has been developed in recent years.It is very important to incorporate personalized and precise idea into clinical practice and makes it accepted by the public.It is also a long way to go to provide precise service for numerous cancer patients through the research using special resource of our country.

In China, most patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were diagnosed with advanced or metastatic disease on first admission. These patients were treated by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted therapy. However, the 5-year overall survival rate is still low. Immunocheckpoint blockades adjust the immune function, dispatch immune escape, enhance T cell activation, and kill tumor cells. Immunocheckpoint blockade becomes one of the important methods of anti-tumor treatments. This approach may also change the model of NSCLC treatment because of its promising anti-tumor activity. This review summarizes the clinical trials on immu-nocheckpoint blockades in NSCLC and the possibility of combining this technique with other treatments.

Objective To measure the displacement of the silver clips guided by kV-plain film at state of moderate deep inspiration hold(mDIBH) assisted by active breathing control(ABC) and to explore the margin of clinical target volume(CTV) to planning target volume(PTV) for breast cancer patients treated with three-dimensional conformal external-beam partial breast irradiation (EB-PBI) assisted by ABC. Methods The patients undertook CT simulation assisted by ABC to get the CT images on the respiratory condition of mDIBH. Four selected silver clips in breast cavity were delineated and the cavity based on all of the clips were delineated as gross tumor volume (GTV). Before each irradiation, two orthogonal kV-plain films were taken for the patients in the respiratory condition of mDIBH assisted by ABC device. 2D-2D auto-matie registration was performed based on pixel between the kV-plain films and the digital reconstructed radi-ographs(DRR). Then manual registration was undertook to get the shifts of the four clips separately at LAT, LNG,and VRT directions. Based on the shift data,the margins of CTV to PTV at LAT,LNG and VRT direc-tions were calculated. Results The margins from CTV to PTV were 5.00 mm,7.78 mm and 9.30 mm at LAT,LNG and VRT directions based on the clip at cephal border of the cavity. The corresponding margins were 4.40 mm,6.43 mm and 6.73 mm based on the clip at bottom of the cavity;5.04 mm,8.63 mm and 10.54 mm based on the clip at lateral border of the cavity;5.40 mm,8.59 ram and 10.81 mm based on the clip at pedal border of the cavity. Conclusions The silver clips in breast cavity can be clearly showed on the kV-plain film. The displacement of the clips can be exactly measured by registration of kV-plain film and planning DRR in condition of mDIBH assisted by ABC. The margins from CTV to PTV for EB-PBI can be calculated based on the displacement of the clips.

A new modification method for glass slides was developed and applied to make ThinPrep Pap smears,in order to increase the adhesion ability of cervical exfoliative cells.3-glycidyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GOPS) was coated on the glass slides firstly on the slides,then poly-L-lysine (PLL)was covalently modified onto the above epoxy-terminated slides to form GOPS-PLL double decorated slides.The modified slides were characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).The cell adhesion ability effect was tested and compared with traditional PLL coated slides by fixing the cervical exfoliative cells on the double adorned slides.The control test was conducted by the bare glass slides unmodified.The cell morphology of cervical exfoliative cells adhered on different slides was observed under the microscope after Papanicolaou staining.The number of cervical exfoliative cells on the unmodified slides,PLL coated slides and GOPS-PLL coated slides was 1030±300,3283±226 and 4119±280 (n=12),respectively.The data among the three different modification methods showed significant differences (one-way analysis of variance,ANOVA test,P＜ 0.05).The cell capturing effect of the GOPS-PLL slide was the best among the three different modified slides.In addition,the GOPS-PLL slide could enhance the uniformity of the adhered cells and be widely applied to the ThinPrep system for cervical carcinoma screening to increase the accuracy rate of diagnosis.

Objective To express the gene encoding mature protease of Schistosoma japonicum asparaginyl endopeptidase (Sj32) and evaluate the potential of the recombinant protein rSj32 in diagnosis of domestic animal schistosomiasis. Methods The DNA fragment encoding mature protease of Schistosoma japonicum asparaginyl endopeptidase was cloned with PCR from pET-28(a)/Sj32, and a recombinant plasmid was previously constructed in the laboratory, which contained the ORF of the gene encoding the pro-enzyme Sj32. The amplified DNA fragment was subcloned into pET-28a( + ) and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) to express the mature protease of Sj32. Then the recombinant antigen (rSj32) was used in ELISA assay to diagnose schistosomiasis of mice, rabbits and water buffalo artificially infected. The detection effects of soluble Schistosoma japonicum egg antigen (SEA) , rSj32 and the recombinant 23 KDa membrane protein were compared. Results The recombinant antigen rSj32 with a molecular weight 41 KDa was successfully produced in E. coli BL21 ( DE3) and was purified with His Column with a yield of 25 mg/L E. coli culture. By using rSj32 as coating antigen in ELISA assay to detect the specific antibody in artificially infected mice, rabbits and buffalo, the sensitivities were 88.9% , 85.0% and 71.8% , respectively, the specificities were 100% , 96.7% and 96. 9% , respectively. There were no significant differences among the detection results of rSj32, SEA and rSj23. Conclusion rSj32 is a promising antigen for serological diagnosis of domestic animal schistosomiasis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical value of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty.Methods:Sixty patients who underwent primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty in Tonglu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2018 to June 2019 were included in this study. They were randomized as odd numbers to the control group ( n = 30) and even numbers to the observation group ( n = 30). The control group was treated with conventional rehabilitation treatment, while the observation group was subjected to integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine based on the concept of ERAS in the perioperative period of total knee arthroplasty. The perioperative pain, related complications, hospitalization expenses and length of hospital stay were recorded in each group. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the degree of pain and range of motion of the knee joint. The Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score was also measured to evaluate the curative effects. Results:At 3 and 7 days, 2 and 6 weeks after surgery, knee range of motion score was (63.40 ± 2.80) points, (86.20 ± 4.40) points, (90.30 ± 6.48) points, (100.5 ± 3.39) points, respectively, and at 6 weeks after surgery, HSS knee score was (89.40 ± 5.18) points, in the observation group, which were significantly higher those in the control group [(48.50 ± 4.20) points, (55.40 ± 3.58) points, (77.50 ± 4.38) points, (87.60 ± 4.58) points, (70.50 ± 6.44) points, t = 0.029, 0.013, 0.032, 0.039, 0.042, all P < 0.05]. In the observation group, the VAS score in resting state at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after surgery were (3.62 ± 0.40) points, (2.41± 0.52) points, (2.05 ± 0.62) points, (1.93 ± 0.28) points respectively, and the VAS score in active state at 24 and 48 hours were (2.15 ± 0.21) points and (1.71 ± 0.39) points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(5.71 ± 0.63) points, (4.60 ± 0.31) points, (3.84 ± 0.22) points, (3.30 ± 0.21) points, (5.50 ± 0.49) points, (4.80 ± 0.21) points, t = 0.040, 0.035, 0.046, 0.042, 0.027, 0.024, all P < 0.05]. The proportions of patients experiencing postoperative urinary retention, mental disorder, or blood transfusion, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization expenses in the observation group were lower or shorter than those in the control group ( χ2 = 0.003, 0.005, 0.017, t = 0.040, 0.048, all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine based on the concept of ERAS can mitigate postoperative pain, reduce perioperative complications, and promote the recovery of knee joint function, and thereby deserves clinical application.

Objective: To analyze the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in radiation induced esophagitis of model rabbit. Methods: Thirty male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into EGCG group, saline group, blank group. The rabbits in EGCG and saline groups were irradiated with 6 MV X-rays. The blank group did not receive radiation. After irradiation, rabbits were given with 440 μmol/L EGCG or saline three times a day in continuous 5 days. The scores of pathological changes of esophagus were observed by optical microscope.The serum levels of interleukine-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukine-6 (IL-6), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The expression levels of 67KD laminin receptor (67LR) was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: After treatment, the scores of pathological changes of esophagus in blank group, saline group, EGCG group were 0, 3.9±1.10 and 2.80±0.92, respectively. At different time points after drug treatment, the levels of serum inflammatory factors among three groups were significantly different (F=23.66-236.32, P<0.05). The expressions of 67LR in esophageal tissue of 3 groups were also significantly different (F=585.38, P<0.05). Conclusions EGCG reduced radiation-induced esophagitis in rabbits by decreasing the levels of serum inflammatory factors, which may be related to the expression of 67LR protein.

GI (GIGANTEA) is one of the output key genes for circadian clock in the plant. The JrGI gene was cloned and its expression in different tissues was analyzed to facilitate the functional research of JrGI. RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) was used to clone JrGI gene in present study. This gene was then analyzed by bioinformatics, subcellular localization and gene expression. The coding sequence (CDS) full length of JrGI gene was 3 516 bp, encoding 1 171 amino acids with a molecular mass of 128.60 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 6.13. It was a hydrophilic protein. Phylogenetic analysis showed that JrGI of 'Xinxin 2' was highly homologous to GI of Populus euphratica. The result of subcellular localization showed that JrGI protein was located in nucleus. The JrGI, JrCO and JrFT genes in female flower buds undifferentiated and early differentiated of 'Xinxin 2' were analyzed by RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative PCR). The results showed that the expression of JrGI, JrCO and JrFT genes were the highest on morphological differentiation, implying the temporal and special regulation of JrGI in the differential process of female flower buds of'Xinxin 2'. In addition, RT-qPCR analysis showed that JrGI gene was expressed in all tissues examined, whereas the expression level in leaves was the highest. It is suggested that JrGI gene plays a key role in the development of walnut leaves.
Juglans/genetics* ; Phylogeny ; Plant Leaves ; Cloning, Molecular ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Plant Proteins/metabolism*