Objective To assess diagnostic value of Wells and Geneva seales in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods Clinical data of 958 consecutive cases of suspected PE admitted to Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital form January 1,1995 to January 1,2009,were analyzed retrospectively,and all patients were assessed with Wells and Geneva scales,respectively for likelihood of PE,as compared to those diagnosed by lung imaging Results Three hundred and forty-seven patients with PE were diagnosed with lung imaging as gold standard,sensitivity,specificity,and positive and negative predictive values for Wells scale and Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE were 82.4%,58.1%,52.8%and 85.3%.and 88.8%,55.3%,53.1%and 89.7%,respectively,with positive and negative likelihood ratios.Youden index and crude agreement of 1.97,0.30,0.41 and 0.21,and 1.99,0.20,0.44 and 0.25.respectively.Area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of Geneva scale(0.79)was significantly more than that of Wells scale(0.73)(Z=2.25,P＜0.05).As compared to Wells scale,sensitivity and specificity for Geneva scale in diagnosis for PE was significantly higher(χ2=7.12 and 6.84,respectively,P＜0.05).Conclusions Although there is a considerable gap in accuracy between clinical scales and lung imaging in diagnosis for PE.both Wells and Geneva scales can be used in clinical screening for PE to save unnecessary cost.however,Geneva scale is more practical and accurate than Wells scale,worthwhile to be popularized clinically.

This paper reports 32 patients with primary esophageal small cell undifferentiated carcinoma confirmed by histologic examination from April 1972 to January 1989 in our hospital. The 1-, and 3-, 5-year survival rates were 53.1%, 18.8% and 6.3%. 93.7% patients died of local un-control, recurrence or metastasis. The age, sex, tumor size, stenosis, position and the type in X-films did not influence the treatment results. Patients with primary esophageal small cell undifferentiated carcinoma should receive a multimodal treatment instead of surgery alone.

To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 48 patients with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital.There were 23 males and 25 females with a mean age of (36 ± 15) years.Their clinical manifestations included wheeze,cough,sputum production,sputum plugs,fever,hemoptysis,weight loss,chest pain,weakness and night sweats.They had a high peripheral blood eosinophilia,a higher serum total IgE,a higher level of aspergillosis fumigatus-specific IgE and positive immediate skin-prick test to aspergillus fumigatus.Aspergillus species were detected in sputum samples of 26 patients.Chest computed tomography (CT) was performed in 48 patients.There were patchy infiltrations (n =45),transient infiltrations (n =40),central bronchiectasis (n =35) and mucoid impaction (n =18).Obstructive ventilation dysfunction was confirmed by lung function test.

Objective To study the value of Geneva score assessment combined with simplified rapid plasma D-dimer assay(SRPDDA)for early diagnosis of pulmonary embolism(PE).Methods Clinical data of 658 suspected cases of PE hospitalized at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital during January 1,1995 to November 30,2007 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into three categories based on their Geneva score assessment,highly suspected with equal to or greater than 9 scores,intermediately suspected with 5-8 scores and mildly suspected with equal to or less than 4 scores,respectively.Clinical diagnosis for PE of the patients was made based on their probability Geneva score developed by Wicki,SRPDDA,and both Geneva score assessment and SRPDDA,respectively,and compared with results of lung imaging.Results Finally,PE diagnosis was established in 267 cases.Sensitivity for Geneva score and SRPDDA to diagnose PE was 88.4%and 90.3%,with negative predictive value(NPV)of 88.9%and 90.2%and Youden Index(YI)of 51.7%and 51.4%,respectively.And,sensitivity of both Geneva score assessment combined with SRPDDA wag 97.8%,with NPV and YI of 97.3%and 53.8%,respectively,with a likelihood ratio(LR)for both positive test results of 2.62 and a LB for both negative test results of 0.04,respectively.Conclusions As a routine and non-invasive diagnostic test,Geneva score assessment,as well as SRPDDA,play a screening role in early diagnosis for PE,which can help to save unnecessary cost of imping,and complement each other so to improve accuracy of diagnosis and reduce misdiagnosis.

The gene fragment encoding the egg-shell precursor protein of Schistosoma japonicum was amplified with RT-PCR by using PCR primer designed according to the 423 bp cDNA fragment of the Philippine strain of S.japonicum, the corresponding mDNA fragment of Chinese strain as template and then the 5' and 3' ends of this gene cDNA were amplified with 5' RACE and 3' RACE by using a series of primers designed according to the result of sequencing. Result of sequence analysis showed that this fragment, named as Sj423, contained a complete open reading frame (ORF) of gene encoding the egg-shell precursor protein of S.japonicum.(Chinese strain). As demonstrated by sequencing analysis. No intron could be detected in this gene fragment. This gene was subsequently expressed in E.coli after cloning into the expression vector pET28c(+). The molecular mass of the expressed product of this gene was 20.9 kDa as revealed by SDS-PAGE analysis, and Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant protein expressed could react well with the rabbit antiserum against the worm antigen of S.japonicum;indicating the good antigenicity of this expressed product.

Objective To analyze the stability and accuracy of the equipment for three-dimensional ultrasound-based image-guided radiation therapy (3DUS-IGRT) in daily practice, and to provide a basis for clinical application of radiotherapy for soft tissue tumors.Methods A specific calibration phantom was used for continuous calibration and quality control of the 3DUS-IGRT equipment in a year.The method for daily quality control of ultrasound-guided equipment was explored, and its stability and accuracy were monitored.Results The phantom position errors in both Sim and Guide stations of the 3DUS-IGRT equipment were within 1 mm.Conclusions The 3DUS-IGRT equipment has a stable performance with the support of a complete set of stringent and accurate calibration and quality control, which provides a new image-guided method for precise radiotherapy for soft tissue tumors.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of direct trocar insertion using optical trocar in the establishment of the primary port during trans-peritoneal laparoscopic surgical procedures.Methods A prospective study was conducted by collecting the data of 120 patients who should be performed abdominal laparoscopic surgery from April 2015 to December 2015.The 120 patients were randomly divided into a research group and a control group.The research group consisted of 34 male patients and 26 female patients,mean age was (52.0 ± 11.9) years and mean BMI was (24.9 ± 2.9) kg/m2.In research group,patients were positioned laterally with the flank padded and elevated.A predetermined position was drawn prior to surgery between the umbilicus and lateral rectus abdominis,for the creation of the primary laparoscopic trocar port.The predetermined point was incised,and then the method of direct trocar insertion using the optical access trocar was used for establishment of the primary port.After this maneuver was completed the surgery continued as indicated.The control group consisted of 36 male patients and 24 female patients,whose mean age was (52.9 ± 11.4) years and mean BMI was (25.2 ± 2.4) kg/m2.This group underwent the traditional method of port construction by incision into the abdomen.The time of constructing the passage,leakage rate,bleeding rate,and injury rate of abdominal organs were compared.Results In research group,the time of building primary port was clearly shorter than that in control group (2.7min vs.15.9min,P ＜ 0.05),the leakage rate was also obviously reduced compared to that in control group (0 vs.30％,P ＜ 0.05).Neither groups observed any significant bleeding nor visceral organ damage throughout the study.Conclusion Direct trocar insertion using optical trocar to establish observation port is a highly efficient and safe method in trans-peritoneal laparoscopic operation,which should be research thoroughly in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the effect of the timing of intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP) treatment on the clinical efficacy of patients after severe cardiac surgery.Methods:A prospective study was conducted on 64 patients with IABP after cardiac surgery in Gaozhou People′s Hospital of Guangdong Province from March 2018 to March 2020.According to the time of IABP treatment, 33 patients were divided into early treatment group (severe cardiac surgery<6 h) and late 31 cases in treatment group (≥6 h after severe cardiac surgery): two groups of mean arterial pressure(MAP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), mechanical ventilation time, IABP indwelling time, ICU stay time, central venous oxygen saturation(ScvO2), N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP), lactate clearance rate, complications and follow-up.Results:After 48 hours of IABP, MAP and LVEF in the early treatment group were (79.47±7.07) mmHg and (45.20±3.86)%, respectively, and those in the late treatment group were (71.38±6.26) mmHg and (41.66±4.49)%.There were significant differences between the two groups ( t value was 34.604, 29.375 respectively all P<0.01). The mechanical ventilation time (71.56±5.98) h, IABP indwelling time (68.31±10.10) h, ICU stay time (5.84±1.04) d in the early treatment group, and those in the late treatment group (82.79±4.96) h, (89.49±9.97) h, (6.82±1.07) d. There were significant differences between the two groups ( t value was 70.093, 72.855, 31.859 respectively, all P<0.01). The ScvO 2, NT-pro BNP and lactate clearance rate in the early treatment group were (71.66±5.45)%, (1 698.36±1 032.98) ng/L and (30.12±2.29)%, respectively at 48 hours after IABP, and those in the late treatment group (66.03±4.61)%, (2 898.43±1 383.29) ng/L and (20.47±1.92)%.There were significant differences between the two groups ( t value was 38.279, 34.379 respectively, all P<0.01). The incidence of complications were 18% (6/33) and 41.94%(13/31) in the early treatment group and the late treatment group.There was significant difference between the two groups( P=0.038). Conclusion:Early use of IABP treatment can improve the patients′ hemodynamic and serological indicators, reduce the patient′s mechanical ventilation time, IABP time, ICU monitoring time and complications.

Objective: To explore the impact of tennis on the visual health of primary school students, so as to provide a basis for myopia prevention. Methods: In September 2021, a total of 202 third grade students from Fengtai Affiliated School of Renmin University of China in Beijing were recruited, with 75 students in the intervention group and 127 students in the control group. In addition to attending the same cultural and physical education courses, the intervention group added a tennis course twice a week and tested their vision before the intervention (September 2021), middle (January 2022) and later (June 2022). Data collected at different time points in the two groups were analyzed by using independent sample t-test for comparison between blocks, and single factor repeated measurement ANOVA for analysis of time point factors. Results: After intervention, among male subjects, the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes in the intervention group were higher than that in the control group at the third visual acuity test (left eye:5.00±0.13,4.88±0.29, right eye:5.00±0.12,4.88±0.30, t =2.33, 2.36, P <0.05). Among female subjects, the second visual acuity test (left eye:5.03±0.17, 4.86±0.21, right eye:5.03±0.15, 4.85±0.23) and the third visual acuity test (left eye:4.97±0.13, 4.81±0.23, right eye:4.97±0.14, 4.82±0.24) showed that the average visual acuity of the left and right eyes in the intervention group were higher than that in the control group among females (second: t =3.84, 3.87, third: t =3.70, 3.46, P < 0.01 ). After intervention, the detection rate of visual impairment in both males and females control groups increased at three tests, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=17.86, 34.77, P <0.01). In the first visual acuity test, there was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of visual impairment between the control group and the intervention group for both males and females ( χ 2=0.01, 0.10, P >0.05). The third visual impairment detection rate of males in the intervention group was lower than that of the control group (20.00% vs 45.45%), while the second and third visual impairment detection rates of female students in the intervention group were lower than those of the control group (22.86% vs 54.00%; 28.57% vs 70.00%) ( χ 2=7.34, 8.24, 14.18, P < 0.01). Conclusions Tennis can alleviate and prevent the occurrence of myopia in primary school students to a certain extent. Sports such as tennis should be actively promoted to protect the visual health of primary school students.

Objective:To comprehensively verify the diagnostic accuracy and clinical adaptability of A2DS2 scale in predicting the occurrence of stroke-associated pneumonia in China using Meta-analysis.Methods:Relevant literature about stroke-associated pneumonia in China were selected from Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Paper Check System, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Biological Database from database construction to February 2020. Tool for Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) was used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Deek funnel plot was used to evaluate literature publication bias. Fagen plot was used to evaluate the clinical applicability of A2DS2 scale.Results:Twelve articles were finally included with a total of 7719 patients. Bivariate mixed effects analysis was used to obtain results with diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 18 ( 95%CI=12-27), pooled sensitivity of 0.76 ( 95%CI=0.68-0.82), pooled specificity of 0.85 ( 95%CI=0.80-0.88), pooled positive likelihood ratio of 5.02 ( 95%CI=3.91-6.44), pooled negative likelihood ratio of 0.29 ( 95%CI=0.22-0.38), and integrated area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.88 ( 95%CI=0.85-0.91). Combined with the funnel plot results, there was no significant publication bias in the overall study ( P=0.07); and the paradigm plot showed that when the A2DS2 diagnosis was positive, the probability of subjects being diagnosed with stroke-associated pneumonia increased to 83%, suggesting that A2DS2 scale had good applicability and high clinical diagnostic value. Conclusion:A2DS2 scale has good predictive value in stroke-associated pneumonia in Chinese and can be used for clinical preliminary screening of patients with stroke-associated pneumonia.