In recent years,immunotherapy has become an important part of the treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Tumor cells can escape from the body's immune system by mediating various immune escape mechanisms,among which programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/ PD-L1) mediated immune escape plays an important role.Currently,chemotherapy,radiotherapy and molecular targeted therapy have certain limitations in the treatment of advanced NSCLC.Recent studies have found that the combined application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor and other treatment methods has certain synergistic effect,thus enhances the anti-tumor effect and further prolongs the survival of patients.Immunotherapy brings not only changes in the treatment patterns of NSCLC,but also challenges in the screening of target population and the management of treatment-related adverse reactions.Summarizing the research progress on immune checkpoint inhibitors in the comprehensive treatment of advanced NSCLC can provide reference for the best treatment of NSCLC.

Objective To explore the mechanism of ginseng in the treatment of periodontitis based on network phar-macology and molecular docking technology.Methods Potential targets of ginseng and periodontitis were obtained through various databases.The intersection targets of ginseng and periodontitis were obtained by using VENNY,the pro-tein-protein interaction network relationship diagram was formed on the STRING platform,the core target diagram was formed by Cytoscape software,and the ginseng-active ingredient-target network diagram was constructed.The selected targets were screened for gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway en-richment analysis.The core targets of ginseng's active in-gredients in treating periodontitis were analyzed by mo-lecular docking technique.Results The 22 ginseng's active ingredients,591 potential targets of ginseng's ac-tive ingredients,2 249 periodontitis gene targets,and 145 ginseng-periodontitis intersection targets were analyzed.Ginseng had strong binding activity on core targets such as vas-cular endothelial growth factor A and epidermal growth factor receptor,as well as hypoxia induced-factor 1(HIF-1)sig-naling pathway and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt)signaling pathway.Conclusion Gin-seng and its active components can regulate several signaling pathways such as HIF-1 and PI3K-Akt,thereby indicating that ginseng may play a role in treating periodontitis through multiple pathways.