Objective To probe into the effect of early psychological care on negative emotions and sleep of elderly patients with chronic heart failure. Methods 96 patients elderly patients with chronic heart failure were selected from June 2009 to June 2010, and were randomly divided into the study group and the control group with 48 patients in each group. Two groups of elderly patients were given traditional routine care after diagnosis, and elderly patients in the study group were given early comprehensive psychological nursing intervention additionally. Clinical index such as negative mood and sleep were analyzed. Results Compared with the control group, anxiety and depression scores of the study group were significantly decreased, somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression and anxiety were significantly decreased, awakening time, and arousals were significantly lower, and sleep efficiency and sleep maintenance rate was significantly increased, there were significant differences. Conclusions Early psychological care for elderly patients with chronic heart failure is very important to improve negative mood and sleep quality for them, and is worth further clinical promotion and application.

Objctive:To find an effective clinical method for caleaneal pain .Methods: 68 Cases of caleaneal pain in clinic service were collected from August 2006 to August 2008, and were treated with radix decoctum and Biqi Capsule. Tracing observation was used to evaluate the curative effect. Results: 41 Cases were healing well, 24 cases were improving, 3 cases were useless. The total effective rate was 95.6%. Conclusion: Radix decoctum with Biqi Capsule was an effective method for caleaneal pain.

Objective To explore a legal system which helps to provide effective HIV prevention and treatment for commercial sex workers.Method A method of literature review was adopted to analyse the major international literature on the interaction between sex work law and HIV prevention and treatment.Results In an international perspective,there are generally three types of legal frameworks of sex work:prohibitive law,law of regulating sex work through licensing,and decriminalization of sex work.In terms of public health,the prohibitive law drives sex workers to the underground state,hindering HIV/AIDS prevetion and treatment;the law of regulating sex work through licensing is unable to deal with the health problems of the unlicensed sex workers;decriminalization of sex work can not only avoid driving sex workers to the underground state,but can also advance HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment by providing integrated health service and behavioural interventions.Conclusion Among the three legal approaches to sex work,decriminalization of sex work provides the most enabling legal framework for HIV prevention and treatment in sex work community.

Objective To compare the effects of ephedrine and dopamine in the prevention of hypotension during combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA)for cesarean delivery.Methods Fifty ASAⅠorⅡ patients undergoing elective cesarean delivery were randomly divided into the two groups,Ephedrine group (n=5 1 ):intrave-nous injection of 10mg ephedrine before anesthesia;Dopamine group(n=52):continuous intravenous infusion at the speed of 5μg·kg-1 ·min-1 .During the whole process,we investigated the incidence rate of adverse effects,com-pared the Apgar score of neonate and analyzed blood gas of umbilical artery and vein.Results Compare to the dopa-mine group,the incidence rate of hypotension was lower in the ephedrine group (43.1% vs 69.2%,χ2 =7.06,P=0.00).The pH value of umbilical artery and 1 min Apgar score of neonate in the ephedrine group was lower compare with that in the dopamine group[(7.22 ±0.03)vs (7.27 ±0.06),t=0.62,P=0.02],there are no significant difference of 5 min Apgar score in the two groups.Conclusion Compared with dopamine,ephedrine is a useful drug in the prevention of hypotension during combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA)for cesarean delivery and there are no significant differences of adverse effects of dopamine and ephedrine.Ephedrine has transient effect on the neonate,while the effect of dopamine is minor.

Objective To evaluate the significance of IgM treponema pallidum specific antibody in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.Methods By using Western bloting(WB),tolulized red unheated serum test(TRUST),treponema pallidum particle agglutination(TPPA) and treponema pallidum (TP),we examined and analyzed 21 cases of first-stage syphilis, 8 cases of second-stage syphilis, 4 cases of latent syphilis, 3 cases of new born infants suspected with congenital syphilis, 7 cases of syphilis formally treated for 18 months and 5 cases of healthy control groups.Results The positive rates of IgM, TRUST, TPPA and TP in first-stage syphilis cases were 100.0%, 42.9%, 57.1% and 66.7% respectively. The positive rates of IgM, TRUST and TPPA in second-stage syphilis, latent syphilis and congenital syphilis were all 100.0%.The positive rates in syphilis cases received 18 months treatment were 0%(IgM), 28.6%(TRUST) and 100.0%(TPPA). The IgM,TRUST and TPPA in control groups were all negative.Conclusion The specific antibody of IgM treponema pallidum has high sensitivity and specificity,and hence can be applied in the diagnosis of syphilis in various periods.

OBJECTIVE To study the washing effect of three different methods with the multienzymatic detergent to keep the surgical instruments moist.METHODS The surgical instruments which were selected within five days were washed by three different methods with the multienzymatic detergent to keep moist.The washing effect was compared by eyes and with 5 times magnifying glass and with OB test paper.RESULTS There were prominent difference to washing effect among three methods to keep the surgical instruments moist(P

Objective To explore the levels of autoimmune antibodies and endocrine hormones in patients with endometriosis complicated with infertiilty.Methods 158 endometriosis and infertility patients were selected as study subjects,and they were divided into endometriosis complicated with infertility group(A group,52 cases),endometriosis group(B group,50 cases) and infertility group(C group,56 cases) according to the type of disease.At the same time,93 healthy women were selected as control group.The autoimmune antibodies such as anti-endometrial antibody(EMAb),anti-chorionic gonadotropin antibody(HCGAb),anti-sperm antibody(ASAb),anti-cardiolipin antibody(ACAb) and anti-ovarian antibody(AOAb),endocrine hormones such as luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),prolactin(PRL),estradiol(E2),insulin(INS) and testosterone(T) were compared in four groups.Results There was no significant difference in the total antibody positive rate between B group and C group (χ2=2.161,P＞0.05).The total antibody positive rate of A group was significantly higher than that of B,C group and the control group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2=6.316,P＜0.05).The PRL and INS levels of A group were much higher than those of B,C group and the control group,the differences were statistically significant(F=15.625,10.431,all P＜0.05).The E2,INS and PRL levels of B group were much higher than those of C group and the control group(F=10.363,9.515,9.037,all P＜0.05).The E2,T,INS and PRL levels of A group were much higher than those of B and C group,the differences were statistically significant (F=5.029,6.225,6.631,7.106,all P＜0.05).The LH and FSH levels of the four groups had no significant differences(F=2.385,2.531,all P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in all of the endocrine hormones between C group and the control group(t=1.535,0.931,0.825,1.363,1.005,1.259,all P＞0.05).Conclusion The main factors that cause endometriosis patients complicated with infertility may be due to a endometriosis immune imbalance of T,E2 and PRL and endocrine abnormalities,through the analysis of the levels of autoimmune antibodies and endocrine hormones can provide a reliable basis for clinical.

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and respiratory index during open heart surgery under CPB. Methods Twenty ASA Ⅱ- Ⅲ patients of either sex (9 males, 11 females) scheduled for elective valve replacement under CPB were randomly divided into two groups of 10 each : control group (C) and ulinastatin group (W) . Patients with hepato-renal dysfunction or taking glucocorticoid were excluded. The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1 g and scopolamine 0.3 mg. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1 mg?kg-1 , fentanyl 10?g?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1mg?kg-1 . After tracheal intubation anesthesia was maintained with midazolam and fentanyl. The patients were mechanically ventilated. VT was set at 8-12 ml?kg-1 , RR 10-12 bpm and I: E 1:2. PETCO2 was maintained at 35-45 mg. In ulinastatin group, the patients received ulinastatin 12 000 U?kg-1 of which half was given i.v. before CPB and half was added to the priming fluid, while group C received normal saline instead of ulinastatin. Blood samples were taken from radial artery for determination of plasma TNF-?, IL-6, and IL-10 concentrations and blood gas analysis before operation (T1 ) , 30 min after initiation of CPB (T2), 1 h (T3 ) , 4 h (T4 ) and 24 h (T5 ) after CPB. Respiratouy index (PA-aDO2/ PaO2) was calculated at T1-5 .Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, weight, height, duration of CPB, and aortic cross-clamping time between the two groups. In group C the plasma levels of TNF-?, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly higher than the baseline values (T1 ) during and after CPB (P

Objective To compare the clinical outcome among white blood cell, platelet and red blood cell hemapheresis. Methods Thirty-seven patients with high blood cell count received hemapheresis for forty times by CS-3000 plus. Results After white blood cell hemapheresis, the peripheral white blood cell counts decreased from (231 52?355 56)?10 9/L to(140 64?230 85)?10 9/L(P

Objective To discuss the pharmaceutical care protocol and methods for clinical pharmacists taking part in cancer pain management. Methods A patient developed delirium and drowsiness after using oxycodone hydrochloride prolonged-release tablet ( OXYCONTIN) and morphine hydrochloride tablet for pain titration treatment. The clinical pharmacist analyzed the reasons of delirium and drowsiness,and suggested a dose reduction of OXYCONTIN or converting OXYCONTIN to another opioid analgesic. Results The suggestion of the clinical pharmacist was partly accepted. After adjusting the treatment, the delirium and drowsiness disappeared gradually, and the pain was well controlled. Conclusion In clinical practice, especially when faced with a rare adverse drug reaction, clinical pharmacists are helpful for ensuring the safety and effectiveness in pain management, as well as improving the level of the treatment, by the implementation of individualized drug therapy.