Objective To investigate the inhibition mechanism of gallnut on biofilm formation by MRSA 41577.Methods TTC assay was used to detect inhibitory effects of biofilms formation and mature biofilms.The of PIA on biofilm formation was studied using Congo red agar method.Micro-Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer was used to detect inhibitory effects of the release of eDNA.The influence for Baicalein on icaA and cidA gene expression were detected by RT-PCR method.Results The inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC) of MRSA 41577 BF were 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively.The inhibitory effect of galla on MRSA 41577BF formation and mature BF was significantly inhibited.Inhibition of MRSA 41577,the MIC and MBC of mature BF were 4 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL.Congo red test results show that Galla can inhibit the synthesis of MRSA 41577 PIA, and the concentration was dose-dependent.The results showed that gallnut could inhibit the release of MRSA 41577 eDNA, and the release amount of eDNA was 3.61μg/OD595 and 11.91μg/OD595 , respectively, when the concentration of gall was 1/2MIC.The release of eDNA was reduced by 69.7% (P<0.01).The expression of icaA and cidA genes in the control group was 9.7% and 6.67%, respectively.The expression of icaA and cidA in the control group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( icaA and cidA, and cidA gene expression were 100%, the expression of icaA and cidA genes were reduced by 90.3%and 93.3%, respectively (P<0.01).Conclusion The inhibitory effect of gallnut on the biofilm of MRSA 41577 is mainly through inhibiting the expression of icaA and cidA genes, and then affecting the synthesis of PIA and the secretion of eDNA .

BACKGROUND:The degradable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) biliary-enteric composite stent has been developed. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the solubility and biocompatibility of the degradable PLLA biliary-enteric composite stent. METHODS:Solubility:the PLLA composite stent was implanted into artificial gastric acid to detect the dissolution rate within 12 weeks. Pyrogen test:the PLLA composite stent extracts were injected into the rabbits via ear vein to detect the changes of body temperature. Hemolysis test:the PLLA composite stent extracts, normal saline and distil ed water were added into the rabbit anticoagulant, respectively, to detect the hemolysis ratio. Cytocompatibility test:Caco-2 cel s were respectively cultured in the DMEM medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum, rubber material extracts and the PLLA composite stent extracts, and the cel proliferation was detected at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours;the lactic dehydrogenase release was detected at 2 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The PLLA composite stent showed a long stability in vivo, and approximately 80%was dissolved at about 20 weeks. No reactions of pyrogen and henolysis were observed in the pyrogen and hemolysis tests. The PLLA composite stent made no effects on the Caco-2 cel proliferation and lactic dehydrogenase release. In conclusion, the PLLA composite material holds a good solubility and cytocompatibility.

ObjectiveTo study the operative procedure and effect of anastomostic pseudoaneurysm(APA). Methods Eleven patients with APA were treated surgically. The diagnosis of APA in all the patients was comfirmed by angiography and ultras onic examination. A small rupture leading to APA was repaired by lateral arteri orrhaphy using autologous vein patch in 4 cases; the APA caused by a big rupture of anastomosis,resection of the pseudoaneurysm and interposition o f a PTFE or antologous vein were used in 7 cases.Results10cas es were followed -up for 5-38 months (mean19.6 months),and 1case loss of follow-up.9 cases recovered to be normal in activities and works, only 1 ca se had nerve paralysis of the affect extremity caused by popliteal artery APA compression . All the cases have good blood perfusion of the extremities wit hout recurrence. Conclusions APA should be treated by surgery. During operation control blood vessels effectively and remove the pathological changetissues completely are important,and reasonable application of antibi otics and antithrombotic agents are the guarantee of getting successful results .

Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative aescuven forte tablets in the prevention of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH) complications.Methods One hundred and seventy-nine patients underwent PPH in the Erlonglu Hospital of Beijing from June 2013 to June 2014 were divided into postoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =90) and preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =89).The postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling,length of stay in hospital and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling were lower than in the preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (pain after operations rate:7.9％ (7/89) vs.20.0％ (18/90),x2 =5.484,P＜ 0.05;Wound bleeding:0 vs.6.7 ％ (6/90),P =0.026;retention of urine:9.0％ (8/89) vs.20.0％(18/90),x2 =4.370,P＜0.05;anal swelling:1.1％(1/89) vs.8.9％(8/90),P=0.035),and length of stay in hospital was shorter(11.9±3.9) d vs.(13.3 ±5.0) d,t=3.134,P＜0.05).There was no recurrence both of two groups follow up for more than 2 months.Conclusion Preoperative oral aescuven forte tablets of 2 h can reduce PPH complications and worthy of popularization and application.

AIM: To investigate the effect of Qingjiening(QJN) on cytokines in sheep red blood cell(SRBC)-immunized mice. METHODS: After immunization of mice with SRBC, the effect of QJN o n IL-1、IFN-?、IL-2 in mice was observed, the IFN-? level was measured by macrophage NO - 2-release assay, the IL-1 level was measured by thymocyte a ssay, the IL-2 level was measured by mitogen activated lymphocytoblast assay. RESULTS: QJN can significantly inhibit mice to secrete IL-1、IFN- ? and IL-2. CONCLUSION: The immunosuppressive activity of QJN may be associate d with inhibition of immunocyte to secret IL-1、IFN-? and IL-2.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features, surgical transcranial approaches and outcomes of giant pituitary adenomas.

METHODSA series of 112 consecutive cases of giant pituitary adenomas underwent microsurgery through transcranial approaches at People' s Liberation Army General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 112 patients, 58 were male and 54 were female, with age ranging from 3 to 72 years(mean age 44. 3 years). There were 91 non-functioning adenomas and 21 hormone-secreting adenomas. The maximum tumor diameter varied from 4. 0 to 7. 2 cm, with mean diameter of 4. 8 cm. Unilateral subfrontal approach was chosen in 16 cases, pterional approach in 41 cases, anterior interhemispheric approach in 34 cases, transcallosal-interforniceal approach in 6 cases, transcortical- transventricular approach in 5 cases, combined approach in 6 cases and other approaches in 4 cases. Postoperative MRI and endocrine function were re-examined routinely to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Staged operation through transsphenoidal approach or adjuvant treatments including medical and radiation therapies were administered in patients with hormone-secreting adenomas when hormonal excess persisted after surgery and in patients with non-functioning adenomas who had postoperative MRI evidence of residual tumor.

RESULTSTotal removal of the lesion was achieved in 57 cases (50. 9%) , 26 patients (23. 2%) underwent subtotal resection, and 29 patients (25. 9%) underwent partial removal. Postoperative mortality occurred in 3 patients (2. 7%). Major surgical morbidity occurred in 38 patients (33. 9%). Vision was preserved or improved in 98 patients (87. 5%). The postsurgical follow-up period varied from 3 to 64 months (mean 19. 5 months) . Nineteen of the 21 patients with hormone-secreting adenomas were considered to be in hormonal remission, and 87. 2% of the cases were capable of normal work and life and 8 patients suffered recurrence during the followed-up period.

CONCLUSIONSSelection of appropriate transcranial approaches is the key to successful microsurgery for giant pituitary adenomas according to the morphological characteristics presented in image examinations and clinical symptoms. Staged transsphenoidal operation and/or adjuvant therapies including medical and radiation therapies offer the best chances to control the residual tumors after the maximal surgical removal of giant adenomas through transcranial approaches.

Adenoma ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with gold nanoparticles loading on the reduced graphene oxide (rGO)-multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite film was fabricated by a two-step procedure.Firstly, rGO-MWCNTs composite were prepared by in-situ chemical reduction method with hydrazine as a reducing agent.Then, AuNPs were deposited on the surface of rGO-MWCNTs using simple cyclic voltammetry.This modified electrode was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and electrochemical methods.Furthermore, the electrochemical behavior of bisphenol A (BPA) was also investigated using this modified electrode.The results showed that the modified electrode had high electrochemical activity for the oxidation of BPA.In 0.10 mol/L phosphate buffer solution (PBS, pH 7.0), the linear range for the determination of BPA with differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was in the range of 5.0 × 10-9 -1.0 × 10-7 mol/L and 1.0 × 10-7-2.0 × 10-5 mol/L.The detection limit was 1.0 × 10-9 mol/L (S/N=3).The as-prepared modified electrode was successfully used to determine BPA in river water and the shopping receipt samples with recovery ranges of 97%-110% and 98%-104%, respectively.

Objective To determine the efficacy of berberine in the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis ( NASH) , and to investigate the regulating effect on macrophage phenotype transformation in hepatic tissue on methionine -choline deficiency (MCD) diet induced NASH mice.Methods Fourty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (10 mice per group): the normal group (fed with normal diet), the NASH model group (fed with MCD diet), rosiglitazone treatment group (30mg/kg) and berberine treatment group (150mg/kg).Drugs were adopted in the preventive intervention method for 2 weeks.The hepatic histopathological method was adopted to evaluate the drug therapeutic effect.The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6, and IL-10 were examined with ELISA method.M1 and M2 phenotype were detected by flow cytometry .Results The results showed berberine improved the degree of hepatic histopathology .Berberine not only reduced the level of TNF-α, but also increased the level of IL-10 in serum on NASH mice significantly ( P <0.05 ) . Flow cytometry data indicated that berberine decreased M 1 type macrophages and increased M 2 type macrophages in liver tissue .The ratio of M1/M2 was significantly decreased in berberine and rosiglitazone treated group ( P <0.01 ) .Conclusion Berberine may improve the hepatic pathological process in MCD diet induced NASH model possibly through modulating macrophage phenotype transformation , i.e.The ratio of M2 type is more than M1 type in hepatic tissue , and increasing anti-inflammatory cytokines .

Objective To develop a paper-and-pencil test for motion agility and to examine its psychometric properties. Methods For the purpose of measuring motion agility, the material of the paper-and-pencil test for motion agility included a special paper and 2 compasses.The radii of compasses were 1.5 and 2 cm, respectively.Subjects were asked to draw circles using the two compasses by turns on the special paper.Totally,712 subjects were subjected to the paper-and-pencil test for motion agility, among whom 45 were re-tested after 23 days, and 46 were subjected to screwing performance test. The training grades of 37 subjects were collected.Results The correlation between the paper-and-pencil test and screwing performance test scores was 0.48.The correlation between the paper-and-pencil test and the training grades was 0.40.The re-test reliability of the paper-and-pencil test for motion agility was 0.57.Conclusion The validity of the paper-and-pencil test for motion agility is acceptable.It can be operated easily as a group test for motion agility.

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of the rescue posttraumatic growth of Chinese people' s armed forces soldiers in order to provide a new point of view for psychological intervention.Methods 424 soldiers who had executed earthquake rescue task were assessed with Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI),and the growth status between different groups were compared.Results (1) The average score of PTGI 21 items ranged from 2.72-3.72,and the score of most items were above 3,which implied the growth degree was between middle change and more change.8 items with highest score were focused on three dimensions which were labeled interpersonal relationship,appreciation of life and personal strength.(2) There was no significant difference between the total score of different rank groups (F=0.885,P＞0.05),which score were 3.43±0.66,3.50±0.62,3.50±0.79,3.30±1.11 respectively.The was significant difference in 4 dimensions and total score of PTGI between the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days and the other which had executed rescue task for less than 14 days,and the scores of the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days were higher (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Almost all rescue soldiers perceives mental growth,such as the changes of interpersonal relationship,attitude of life,and personal strength particularly.The duration of rescue task might be a influencing factor of posttraumatic growth.