AIM: To investigate the effect of Qingjiening(QJN) on cytokines in sheep red blood cell(SRBC)-immunized mice. METHODS: After immunization of mice with SRBC, the effect of QJN o n IL-1、IFN-?、IL-2 in mice was observed, the IFN-? level was measured by macrophage NO - 2-release assay, the IL-1 level was measured by thymocyte a ssay, the IL-2 level was measured by mitogen activated lymphocytoblast assay. RESULTS: QJN can significantly inhibit mice to secrete IL-1、IFN- ? and IL-2. CONCLUSION: The immunosuppressive activity of QJN may be associate d with inhibition of immunocyte to secret IL-1、IFN-? and IL-2.

BACKGROUND:The degradable poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) biliary-enteric composite stent has been developed. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the solubility and biocompatibility of the degradable PLLA biliary-enteric composite stent. METHODS:Solubility:the PLLA composite stent was implanted into artificial gastric acid to detect the dissolution rate within 12 weeks. Pyrogen test:the PLLA composite stent extracts were injected into the rabbits via ear vein to detect the changes of body temperature. Hemolysis test:the PLLA composite stent extracts, normal saline and distil ed water were added into the rabbit anticoagulant, respectively, to detect the hemolysis ratio. Cytocompatibility test:Caco-2 cel s were respectively cultured in the DMEM medium containing 10%fetal bovine serum, rubber material extracts and the PLLA composite stent extracts, and the cel proliferation was detected at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours;the lactic dehydrogenase release was detected at 2 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The PLLA composite stent showed a long stability in vivo, and approximately 80%was dissolved at about 20 weeks. No reactions of pyrogen and henolysis were observed in the pyrogen and hemolysis tests. The PLLA composite stent made no effects on the Caco-2 cel proliferation and lactic dehydrogenase release. In conclusion, the PLLA composite material holds a good solubility and cytocompatibility.

Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative aescuven forte tablets in the prevention of procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids(PPH) complications.Methods One hundred and seventy-nine patients underwent PPH in the Erlonglu Hospital of Beijing from June 2013 to June 2014 were divided into postoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =90) and preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (n =89).The postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling,length of stay in hospital and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of postoperative pain,bleeding,retention of urine,anal swelling were lower than in the preoperative aescuven forte tablets group (pain after operations rate:7.9％ (7/89) vs.20.0％ (18/90),x2 =5.484,P＜ 0.05;Wound bleeding:0 vs.6.7 ％ (6/90),P =0.026;retention of urine:9.0％ (8/89) vs.20.0％(18/90),x2 =4.370,P＜0.05;anal swelling:1.1％(1/89) vs.8.9％(8/90),P=0.035),and length of stay in hospital was shorter(11.9±3.9) d vs.(13.3 ±5.0) d,t=3.134,P＜0.05).There was no recurrence both of two groups follow up for more than 2 months.Conclusion Preoperative oral aescuven forte tablets of 2 h can reduce PPH complications and worthy of popularization and application.

Objective To investigate the inhibition mechanism of gallnut on biofilm formation by MRSA 41577.Methods TTC assay was used to detect inhibitory effects of biofilms formation and mature biofilms.The of PIA on biofilm formation was studied using Congo red agar method.Micro-Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer was used to detect inhibitory effects of the release of eDNA.The influence for Baicalein on icaA and cidA gene expression were detected by RT-PCR method.Results The inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC) of MRSA 41577 BF were 0.5 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL, respectively.The inhibitory effect of galla on MRSA 41577BF formation and mature BF was significantly inhibited.Inhibition of MRSA 41577,the MIC and MBC of mature BF were 4 mg/mL and 16 mg/mL.Congo red test results show that Galla can inhibit the synthesis of MRSA 41577 PIA, and the concentration was dose-dependent.The results showed that gallnut could inhibit the release of MRSA 41577 eDNA, and the release amount of eDNA was 3.61μg/OD595 and 11.91μg/OD595 , respectively, when the concentration of gall was 1/2MIC.The release of eDNA was reduced by 69.7% (P<0.01).The expression of icaA and cidA genes in the control group was 9.7% and 6.67%, respectively.The expression of icaA and cidA in the control group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( icaA and cidA, and cidA gene expression were 100%, the expression of icaA and cidA genes were reduced by 90.3%and 93.3%, respectively (P<0.01).Conclusion The inhibitory effect of gallnut on the biofilm of MRSA 41577 is mainly through inhibiting the expression of icaA and cidA genes, and then affecting the synthesis of PIA and the secretion of eDNA .

ObjectiveTo study the operative procedure and effect of anastomostic pseudoaneurysm(APA). Methods Eleven patients with APA were treated surgically. The diagnosis of APA in all the patients was comfirmed by angiography and ultras onic examination. A small rupture leading to APA was repaired by lateral arteri orrhaphy using autologous vein patch in 4 cases; the APA caused by a big rupture of anastomosis,resection of the pseudoaneurysm and interposition o f a PTFE or antologous vein were used in 7 cases.Results10cas es were followed -up for 5-38 months (mean19.6 months),and 1case loss of follow-up.9 cases recovered to be normal in activities and works, only 1 ca se had nerve paralysis of the affect extremity caused by popliteal artery APA compression . All the cases have good blood perfusion of the extremities wit hout recurrence. Conclusions APA should be treated by surgery. During operation control blood vessels effectively and remove the pathological changetissues completely are important,and reasonable application of antibi otics and antithrombotic agents are the guarantee of getting successful results .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features, surgical transcranial approaches and outcomes of giant pituitary adenomas.

METHODSA series of 112 consecutive cases of giant pituitary adenomas underwent microsurgery through transcranial approaches at People' s Liberation Army General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 112 patients, 58 were male and 54 were female, with age ranging from 3 to 72 years(mean age 44. 3 years). There were 91 non-functioning adenomas and 21 hormone-secreting adenomas. The maximum tumor diameter varied from 4. 0 to 7. 2 cm, with mean diameter of 4. 8 cm. Unilateral subfrontal approach was chosen in 16 cases, pterional approach in 41 cases, anterior interhemispheric approach in 34 cases, transcallosal-interforniceal approach in 6 cases, transcortical- transventricular approach in 5 cases, combined approach in 6 cases and other approaches in 4 cases. Postoperative MRI and endocrine function were re-examined routinely to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Staged operation through transsphenoidal approach or adjuvant treatments including medical and radiation therapies were administered in patients with hormone-secreting adenomas when hormonal excess persisted after surgery and in patients with non-functioning adenomas who had postoperative MRI evidence of residual tumor.

RESULTSTotal removal of the lesion was achieved in 57 cases (50. 9%) , 26 patients (23. 2%) underwent subtotal resection, and 29 patients (25. 9%) underwent partial removal. Postoperative mortality occurred in 3 patients (2. 7%). Major surgical morbidity occurred in 38 patients (33. 9%). Vision was preserved or improved in 98 patients (87. 5%). The postsurgical follow-up period varied from 3 to 64 months (mean 19. 5 months) . Nineteen of the 21 patients with hormone-secreting adenomas were considered to be in hormonal remission, and 87. 2% of the cases were capable of normal work and life and 8 patients suffered recurrence during the followed-up period.

CONCLUSIONSSelection of appropriate transcranial approaches is the key to successful microsurgery for giant pituitary adenomas according to the morphological characteristics presented in image examinations and clinical symptoms. Staged transsphenoidal operation and/or adjuvant therapies including medical and radiation therapies offer the best chances to control the residual tumors after the maximal surgical removal of giant adenomas through transcranial approaches.

Adenoma ; surgery ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective This retrospective study is designed to analyze the cardiovascular events of CTO to provide new information on secondary prevention of CHD in patients after hospital discharge. Methods 272 patients with definite diagnosis of CTO were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether suffering from cardiovascular events, with 167 patients in group A who had not suffered from the cardiovascular events and 105 patients in group B who had suffered from the cardiovascular events. We com-pared the clinical data, severity of coronary artery lesion, treatment in two groups. Results Between two groups, there was statistic signifi-cance in LDL -C, EF, Gensini scots, the number of coronary artery lesion, the number of chronic total coronary occlusion and PCI success. Logistic regression analysis revealed that Gensini scots was the independent factors for prognosis of CTO. Conclusion Gensini scors was the independent factor for prognosis of CTO.

Aim To determine whether AngⅡin para-ventricular nucleus (PVN)was involved in the chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH ) induced-hypertension in rats.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into Sham and CIH groups,the Sham rats were exposed to continuous normoxia,while the CIH rats were submitted to CIH (8 h per day for 15 days).The conscious noninvasive method with tail cuff was performed in rats to record the systolic blood pres-sure during establishing the model of CIH induced hy-pertension.Mean arterial pressure (MAP)and heart rate (HR)were recorded in vivo on a PowerLab data acquisition system after CIH.Rats were fixed on the stereotaxic instrument to conduct microinjection in the PVN.We used Western blot to measure Ang Ⅱ level and AngⅡtype 1 receptor (AT1 R)protein expression in PVN.Results The level of PVN Ang Ⅱin CIH rats was significantly higher than that in Sham rats,a-long with increased AT1 R protein expression.Microin-jection of Ang Ⅱ(0.03,0.3,3 nmol)in bilateral PVN dose-dependently increased MAP in both CIH and Sham rats,and this response was significantly augmen-ted in CIH rats.Losartan (50 nmol),AT1 R antago-nist,had no effect on MAP in Sham rats,but caused significant MAP decreases in CIH rats,and prevented Ang Ⅱ-induced increases in MAP in both CIH and Sham rats.Conclusion The results suggest that the increased AngⅡrelease and enhanced AT1 R activation in the PVN contribute to CIH induced-hypertension in rats.

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of the rescue posttraumatic growth of Chinese people' s armed forces soldiers in order to provide a new point of view for psychological intervention.Methods 424 soldiers who had executed earthquake rescue task were assessed with Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI),and the growth status between different groups were compared.Results (1) The average score of PTGI 21 items ranged from 2.72-3.72,and the score of most items were above 3,which implied the growth degree was between middle change and more change.8 items with highest score were focused on three dimensions which were labeled interpersonal relationship,appreciation of life and personal strength.(2) There was no significant difference between the total score of different rank groups (F=0.885,P＞0.05),which score were 3.43±0.66,3.50±0.62,3.50±0.79,3.30±1.11 respectively.The was significant difference in 4 dimensions and total score of PTGI between the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days and the other which had executed rescue task for less than 14 days,and the scores of the group which had executed rescue task for more than 14 days were higher (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Almost all rescue soldiers perceives mental growth,such as the changes of interpersonal relationship,attitude of life,and personal strength particularly.The duration of rescue task might be a influencing factor of posttraumatic growth.

Objective To summarize the experiences of microsurgery for treatment of middle cerebral artery aneurysms (MCAA). Methods The clinical data of 35 patients with MCAA treated by microsurgery in General Hospital of PLA from 2004 to 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Of them there were 20 males and 15 females, aged 18 to 72 years with a mean of 40 years. Of the 35 patients, subarachnoid hemorrhage occurred formerly in 22, intracerebral hemorrhage occurred in 11 and subdural hematoma in one patient. The MCAA located in the middle cerebral artery trunk in 10 patients, at the bifurcation in 20 patients (including one patient with 2 MCAAs), and in the distal segment in 5 patients. MCAA located on the left side in 13 and on right side in 22 patients. There were 7 patients with giant aneurysms, 11 with large aneurysms and 17 with small aneurysms. Microneurosurgery was performed in all cases, and different approaches were taken according to the locations of aneurysms. Superior temporal gyrus approach was conducted in 3 patients with giant intracerebral hematoma. Bypass of superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery was performed before occlusion of the afferent artery in one patient with giant aneurysm. Bypass with saphenous vein to middle cerebral artery was performed in another patient with giant aneurysm. Results The giant and large MCAAs consisted of 51.4% of all cases. Excellent outcomes were achieved in 20 patients, no marked change in 12 patients, and post-operative complications were observed in 3 patients. No perioperative death occurred. Conclusions Giant and large aneurysms are more common in middle cerebral artery aneurysms. Proper surgical approaches based on different situations during operation should be considered to achieve satisfactory outcome.