0.05). In HiLo group, the levels of MDA and SOD did not changed signific antly(P

Objective To determine the efficacy of retrovirus-mediated HSV-TK gene transfer and GCV in a BALB/c mice model with urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Methods A replication defective retroviral vector containing HSV-TK gene was used. In vivo experimental animals were divided into 3 groups.In group A,7 tumors were induced in BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of MBT-2 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC);the virus was directly injected into the tumor and the animals received intraperitoneal GCV.In group B, 6 tumors were induced in BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of transferred HSV-TK gene TCC and the animals received intraperitoneal GCV.In group C,6 tumors were induced in BALB/c mice by subcutaneous injection of MBT-2 TCC and the animals received intraperitoneal normal saline.Tumor-volume measurement was performed in these 3 groups 10 d and 20 d after treatment, and the volume changes were compared among the 3 groups. Results In vivo experiment indicated that the mean tumor volume of group A [MBT-2 group, (55.37?4.52) mm3] and group B [MBT-2/HSV-TK group,(49.77?4.15)mm3] was reduced significantly compared with that of group C [control group,(146.27?10.46)mm3](P0.05).At 20 d after treatment, the mean tumor volume of group A [(186.75?8.14)mm3] and group B [(72.50?6.70)mm3] was also reduced compared with that of group C [(441.76?41.80)mm3] (P

AIM: To observe the effect of puerarin on myocardial injury according to the time of occurrence of myocardial injury in the development of type 2 diabetic mice.METHODS: The serum levels of glucose(GLU),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterin(TC),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol(HDL-C) in 17-week,20-week,24-week,28-week KKAy mice were detected by automatic biochemical methods.The apoptotic percentage of cardiomyocytes was examined by flow cytometry.The expressions of bax and bcl-2 mRNA in cardiomyocytes were detected by RT-PCR.Caspase-3 expression in cardiomyocytes was determined by immunohistochemical staining.RESULTS: Compared to normal control mice,not only GLU level increased,but also the levels of TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C in 20-week,24-week and 28-week KKAy mice increased apparently(P

AIM: To observe the effect of Shenmai injection,a chinese medicine,on apoptosis of cardiac myocytes after hypoxia.METHODS: Cardiac myocytes were separated from neonate rat heart and cultivated in vitro.Hypoxia condition was induced by mixture of 95%N2 and 5%CO2.Cells were exposed to hypoxia for 6 h or 12 h and treated with Shenmai injection(5 mL/L) from 24 h before hypoxia until the end of hypoxia.First,apoptosis was detected with Annexin V-FITC and PI staining by flowcytometry.Then,the activity of cardiac myocyte mitochondria was observed by MTT method.Mitochondria membrane potential and the activity of caspase 3,7 were also measured by laser scan microscopy and multi-detection microplate reader,respectively.RESULTS: The apoptotic cells became more and more with prolonged hypoxia.Shenmai injection enhanced mitochondria activity,kept membrane potential,inhibited the activation of caspase3,7 and then decreased apoptotic cells(P

AIM: To study the effect of Tribulus terrestris L. saponin (TTLS) on apoptosis and changes in cytosolic calcium concentration induced by hypoxia/re-oxygenation in rat cortical neurons. METHODS: Rat cortical neurons in primary culture were used, and a apoptosis model was induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation. LDH releasing rate was detected by spectrophotometry. The apoptosis rate of cortical neurons was analyzed quantitatively by flow cytometry with Annexin V-FITC and PI staining. Intracellular free Ca2+([Ca2+]i) was observed with a confocal laser-scanning microscope and determined by mean fluorescent value with Fluo-3 fluometry. RESULTS: Compared to control group, three hours of hypoxia and twelve hours of reoxygenation group induced cortical neuronal apoptosis and significantly increased the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration(P

ObjectiveTo study the operative procedure and effect of anastomostic pseudoaneurysm(APA). Methods Eleven patients with APA were treated surgically. The diagnosis of APA in all the patients was comfirmed by angiography and ultras onic examination. A small rupture leading to APA was repaired by lateral arteri orrhaphy using autologous vein patch in 4 cases; the APA caused by a big rupture of anastomosis,resection of the pseudoaneurysm and interposition o f a PTFE or antologous vein were used in 7 cases.Results10cas es were followed -up for 5-38 months (mean19.6 months),and 1case loss of follow-up.9 cases recovered to be normal in activities and works, only 1 ca se had nerve paralysis of the affect extremity caused by popliteal artery APA compression . All the cases have good blood perfusion of the extremities wit hout recurrence. Conclusions APA should be treated by surgery. During operation control blood vessels effectively and remove the pathological changetissues completely are important,and reasonable application of antibi otics and antithrombotic agents are the guarantee of getting successful results .

Objective To analyze the mutations of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) in bone marrow cells of patients with newly-diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods The mutations of FLT3/ITD in 96 AML cases were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and the clinical features of FLT3/ITD positive patients were analyzed.Results FLT3/ITD mutations were identified in 18 patients (18.8 ％),2 cases were M2,11 cases were M3,2 cases were M4,3 cases were Ms.Patients with FLT3/ITD mutations presented higher initial white blood cell count than that of patients without FLT3/ITD mutations [18.0×109/L (3.6×109-137.6×109/L) vs 6.3×109/L (4.5×109-113.0×109/L),t =3.04,P ＜ 0.05].Out of FLT3/ITD positive patients,13/16 (81.3 ％) obtained complete remission and 13 patients remained in first remission in a median follow-up of 10 months(6-15 months).Conclusion The mutations of FLT3/ITD are frequently identified in newly-diagnosed AML patients,patients with FLT3/ITD mutations present high white blood cell count.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of the bronchoscopic high frequency electrocoagulation combined with balloon dilatation in treating tuberculosis inflammatory airway constriction. Methods According to the different methods of treatment, 55 patients with tuberculosis airway constriction were randomly divided into two groups, the balloon dilatation group (26 cases) and combination group (29 cases). The patients in balloon dilatation group underwent bronchoscopic balloon dilatation and the patients in combination group underwent bronchoscopic balloon dilatation combined with high frequency electrocoagulation. The patients of the two groups accepted endoscopic therapy once a week. Effective rate of recanalization for the narrow airway, frequency of effective treatment and the time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing was recorded. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also observed. Three months after the treatment, all patients accepted bronchoscopic to observe and assess the airway restenosis rate. Results After treatment, the effective rate in balloon dilatation group and combination group had no significant difference[69.2%(18/26) vs. 89.7% (26/29 )](P＞ 0.05 ),but frequency of effective treatment and time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing had significant difference[(3.5 ±1.3) times vs. (1.5 ± 1.1) times, (23.3 ±3.6) d vs.(13.2 ±2.3) d](P<0.01). There was no significant difference on the intraoperative and postoperative complications between two groups (P＞0.05). The airway restenosis rate was 33.3%(6/18) in balloon dilatation group and 7.7%(2/26) in combination group after treatment for 3 months (P ＜0.05). Conclusions Combination of bronchoscopic balloon dilatation and high frequency electrocoagulation is an efficacy and safety way for the tuberculosis inflammatory airway stenosis. It can reduce the frequency of interventional therapy, shorten the time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing, and may also decrease the airway restenosis rate.

ObjectiveTo assess the safety and efficacy of retrograde ureteroscopy lithotomy (URSL)assisted antegrade percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for complex upper ureteral calculi in semisupine-lithotomy position.MethodsFrom March 2007 to December 2010,a total of 95 patients with complex upper ureteral calculi underwent retrograde URSL assisted antegrade PCNL in semisupine-lithotomy position.Ureteral calculi size was 12 mm × 6 mm to 38 mm × 15 mm,24 cases combined with renal calculus.Firstly retrograde URSL was performed,once the stone fragments moved up to renal pelvis,a 16-22 F PCNL working channel was established under the ultrasound guidance through which lithotripsy was performed using an ureteroscope.Finally a 6-7 F double-J tube was indwelled.ResultsOperations were successfullycompleted in 93 patients.However,in it 2 patients were converted to open surgery because of significantureteral distortion due to previous open surgery.Operative time was(42.7 ± 14.9) min; estimated blood loss was(34.5 ± 26.1 ) ml.The ureteral calculi clearance rate was 100.0％,and renal calculus clearance rate inthose combined with renal calculus was 95.8％ (23/24).There were no major intraoperative and postoperative complications excepted early urinary leakage in 2 cases and fever ≥39℃ in 3 cases.ConclusionsRetrograde URSL assisted antegrade PCNL in semisupine-lithotomy position is safe and feasible for complex upperureteral calculi,especially non-opaque calculi,combined with renal calculus,easily ascending ureteral calculi and large calculi burden which has low calculi clearance rate after URSL.The outcomes are encouraging with fewer complications.It also avoids intraoperative change of patient's position.

BACKGROUND:Smooth muscle cells and transitional epithelial cells were traditionally used to construct tissue-engineered bladder and to perform double-sided implantation of scaffold.However,double-sided implantation is difficult to perform,because smooth muscle cells are difficult to isolate or culture in vitro and passage is limited.OBJECTIVE:To verify the feasibility of tissue-engineered bladder reconstruction with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)and bladder acellular matrix(BAM).DESIGN:A basic empirical study.SETTING:Linbaixin Medical Research Center,Second Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University.MATERIALS:Experiments were performed at the Linbaixin Medical Research Center,Second Affiliated Hospital,Sun Yat-sen University from March 2006 to Mav 2007.The laboratory was the Opening Laboratory of Hospital Affiliated to Health Department of China.One-month old SD rats of either sex,weighting 80-100 g were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Sun Yat-sen University.Fresh porcine bladders were offered by Animal Experimental Center of Southern Medical University.METHODS:Whole bone marrow culture and successive adherence method was used to culture rat BMSCs in vitro.Flow cytometry was employed to detect surface antigen.Eradicator washing method was applied to prepare porcine BAM and measure its purity and characteristies.Third passage of BMSCs were inoculated in BAM and cultured in a medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF165)(25 ng/L)in vive and in vitro to test compatibility.Cells cultured alone were considered to be controls for the in vivo trial,and materials non-implanted with cells were considered to be controls for in vitro trial.Suitable microenvironment was simulated to induce the differentiation of BMSCs.Four weeks and eight weeks later,compound materials were respectively removed to perform tissue section test.Simultaneously,immunohistochemistry keratin staining was conducted to examine regeneration of epithelial cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Biocompatibility of BMSCs and BAM.RESULTS:①BMSCs were cultured by whole bone marrow method.Flow cytometry demonstrated that third passage of cells were positive for CD29(99.43%).②BAM had good biological characteristics.Homogen matrix and byssoid collagen appeared under a microscope.Compatibility trials showed good compatibility of BMSCs and BAM and well-growth cells.③Four weeks later,histological section test confirmed inflammatory cell infiltration,closely-arranged collagen and elastic fiber.Immunohistochemistry keratin staining showed lamellar and discontinuous simple epithelium.Eight weeks later,no inflammatory cell infiltration was found,and closely-arranged collagen and elastic fiber were detected.Immunohistochemistry keratin staining showed lamellar and continuous multiple epitheliums.CONCLUSIoN:With good compatibility,BMSCs and BAM appear to be an ideal material for bladder tissue engineering.