In order to identify whether functional L-type calcium channels are expressed in neural stem cells(NSCs) from rat embryonic hippocampus, and whether L-type calcium channels participate in the modulation of proliferation and differentiation of NSCs, the rat embryonic hippocampal tissue was dispersed into a single cell suspension, and the dissociated cells were cultured in serum-free DMEM/F12 medium containing epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), N-2 and B27 supplement. Immunofluorescent labeling showed an expression of nestin-positive cells. Following five-days culture in differentiation medium, neuron-like and astrocyte-like cells were observed, which expressed ?-tubulin Ⅲ(Tuj1) and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively. Western blot analysis showed an expression of Cav1.2?1C subunits in NSCs, but no Cav1.3?1D subunits. Moreover, L-type calcium channel currents were recorded in those cells by using whole-cell patch clamp techniques. It was found that activation of L-type calcium channels promotes proliferation and differentiation to neuronal type of NSCs. The results indicated that rat embryonic hippocampal NSCs express functional L-type calcium channels, L-type calcium channels modulate proliferation and differentiation of NSCs.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of the bronchoscopic high frequency electrocoagulation combined with balloon dilatation in treating tuberculosis inflammatory airway constriction. Methods According to the different methods of treatment, 55 patients with tuberculosis airway constriction were randomly divided into two groups, the balloon dilatation group (26 cases) and combination group (29 cases). The patients in balloon dilatation group underwent bronchoscopic balloon dilatation and the patients in combination group underwent bronchoscopic balloon dilatation combined with high frequency electrocoagulation. The patients of the two groups accepted endoscopic therapy once a week. Effective rate of recanalization for the narrow airway, frequency of effective treatment and the time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing was recorded. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were also observed. Three months after the treatment, all patients accepted bronchoscopic to observe and assess the airway restenosis rate. Results After treatment, the effective rate in balloon dilatation group and combination group had no significant difference[69.2%(18/26) vs. 89.7% (26/29 )](P＞ 0.05 ),but frequency of effective treatment and time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing had significant difference[(3.5 ±1.3) times vs. (1.5 ± 1.1) times, (23.3 ±3.6) d vs.(13.2 ±2.3) d](P<0.01). There was no significant difference on the intraoperative and postoperative complications between two groups (P＞0.05). The airway restenosis rate was 33.3%(6/18) in balloon dilatation group and 7.7%(2/26) in combination group after treatment for 3 months (P ＜0.05). Conclusions Combination of bronchoscopic balloon dilatation and high frequency electrocoagulation is an efficacy and safety way for the tuberculosis inflammatory airway stenosis. It can reduce the frequency of interventional therapy, shorten the time of tuberculosis bacterium vanishing, and may also decrease the airway restenosis rate.

Background and purpose: Currently, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has become the adjuvant therapy of cancer. The study was to establish the daily quality assurance (QA) program and analyze dosimetric characteristics’ long-term stability for mobile IORT accelerator. Methods:The QA program of this study included two parts:safety and functionality and energy and output. The two years’ QA datasets were acquired and analyzed to investigate the stability of energy and output. Results:All safety and functionality tests passed on a daily basis. The energy index was (0.666±0.015)mm, (0.839±0.009)mm, (0.781±0.010)mm, (0.724±0.009)mm and the output dose error was (0.511 ± 0.671)%, (0.278 ± 0.516)%, (0.368 ± 0.532)%, (0.382 ± 0.912)%for all energy, respectively. There was no signiifcant time trend in the dosimetric characteristics. Conclusion:The daily QA program is suitable for mobile IORT accelerator. The long-term stability is acceptable for IORT in clinical use.

Objective To preliminarily understand and evaluate the fertility ability of male infertility patients by analyzing the semen routine testing results to assist further clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods 7 586 cases of semen routine detection re‐sults were performed the retrospective analysis and statistics by classification according to the indexes of semen volume ,pH value , liquefaction time ,sperm density ,sperm activity and sperm deformation rate .Results Among 7 586 cases of semen routine examina‐tion ,there were 1 450 cases(19 .1% ) of semen volume less than 2 .0 mL ;1 372 cases (18 .1% ) of pH < 7 .2 ;2 740 cases(36 .1% ) of liquefaction time > 60 min ;989 cases(13 .0% ) of sperm density lower than 20 × 106 /mL ;3 719 cases(49 .0% ) of sperm activity grade a + b less than 50% ;3 431 cases(45 .2% ) of sperm deformation rate less than 15% ;141 cases(1 .9% ) of aspermatism ;1 119 cases (14 .8% ) had no abnormality in each index .Conclusion Semen liquefaction ,sperm motility and sperm deformation rate are the indexes with the highest abnormal rate in the semen routine detection ;the semen routine detection provides the important exper‐imental data for clinical diagnosis and treatment of male infertility ,the objective and correct analysis of the detection result is of great significance to the judgment of male fertility .

Objective To compare the correlation between anti-cyclic citrulinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP), rheumatoid factor (RF) and disease activity, functional capacity, bone erosion of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The correlation between anti-CCP, RF and disease activity score 28 (DAS28),health assessment questionnaire(HAQ) and bone erosion was assessed. Results Among the 218 RA patients,76% were anti-CCP-positive and 71% were RF-positive. The mean DAS28 score of RA patients with anti-CCP-positive and RF-positive was significantly higher than patients without anti-CCP and RF. The serum an-ti-CCP levels and RF levels showed a significant correlation with DAS28 score. However, the HAQ scores, ESR and CRP levels showed no significant difference between anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negafive patients, RF-positive and RF-negative patients. Among anti-CCP-positive RA patients, the number of patients with erosive disease was significantly higher than patients without anti-CCP. However, the number of patients with erosive disease was not significantly different between RF-positive and RF-negative patients. Conclusion Anti-CCP and RF arc associated with disease activity. Anti-CCP is associated with bone erosion. No association is found between RF and bone erosion.

Objective To explore the relationship between semen leukocyte and liquefaction and sperm motility through the anal‐ysis of routine semen examination results .Methods Retrospectively analyze on 8 666 cases of routine semen examination .Accord‐ing to the leukocyte count the semen samples which had sperms were divided into three groups ,Group A :white blood cells≤1 × 106/mL ,Group B:(1-4)× 106/mL ,Group C :>4 × 106/mL .Then compare the liquefaction time and sperm motility of these three groups .Results Among the 8 666 cases of semen analysis ,there were 164 cases of azoospermia(accounting for 1 .9% ) and 8 502 fine cases(accounting for 98 .1% ) .There were 7 419 ,1 014 and 69 cases in Group A ,B ,C respectively .In the three groups ,there were 5 323 ,740 and 50 cases of normal sperm motility respectively ;there were 2 096 ,274 and 19 cases of the abnormal motility ca‐ses respectively .In the three groups ,the normal cases of semen liquefaction time were 4 593 ,608 and 43 respectively ;the abnormal were 2 826 ,406 and 26 cases respectively .Statistical analysis showed no significant correlation between semen leukocyte and lique‐faction(P=0 .712) ,and between semen leukocyte and sperm motility(P=0 .486) .There were 1 217 cases of normal sperm motility and 4 027 cases of abnormal sperm motility in normal liquefaction group;there were 1 172 cases of normal sperm motility and 2 086 cases of sperm motility in abnormal liquefied group .There was statistically significant difference between the two groups(P=0 .000<0 .05) .Conclusion There were no correlation between semen leukocyte count and liquefaction or sperm motility ,but sperm mo‐tility and liquefaction are correlated .

Objective To observe the interference of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) detected by three measurement systems.Methods A total of 286 cases of blood and serum samples were collected at Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-Sun University from August 2012 to April 2016.The blood samples were divided into healthy control group (122 cases),diabetes group (82 cases),glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency group (61 cases) and diabetes with G6PD deficiency group (21 cases).The levels of HbA1 c were detected by three measurement systems,including Primus Ultra2,Variant lⅡ Turbo 2.0 and Modular P.The results of HbA1c were converted into the estimated average blood glucose concentration (eAG).The values of A eAG-FPG in different groups were calculated and statistical analysis was performed for evaluation of the differences from the three measurement systems.Results The HbA1c results measured by the three systems and AeAG-FPG values in G6PD deficiency group were all lower than healthy control group(all P ＜0.05).The measured results were similar in both diabetes group and diabetes with G6PD deficiency group.Conclusion G6PD deficiency may cause false H-bA1c results detected by three measurement systems.In the case of HbA1c for evaluating blood glucose control,the interference of G6PD deficiency should be noticed.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of a noval anterior cubital approach for the coronoid via flexor?prona?tor teres interval and assess the clinical result. Methods Five formalin?fixed adult cadaver elbows were used. Through a single universal anteromedial longitudinal skin incision, the coronoid tip was exposed via pronator and flexor carpiradialis interval, and coronoid anteromedial facet and base via palm longus and flexor carpi ulnaris interval. The distances from the entry point to the muscles or branching point of the nerves to the line passing through medial and lateral epicondyles, as well as the length were mea?sured with regard to the motor nerve branches arising from median nerve to pronator teres, flexor carpiradialis, palm longus and flexor digiti superficialis, as well as the most proximal two motor branches to flexor carpi ulnaris arising from ulnar nerve. From September 2013 to August 2014, 4 male patients with ulnar coronoid fracture were treated operatively through the above anterior cubital approach in our hospital. They were all left side involved, with an average age of 32 years (range, 16-42 years). According to O’Driscoll classification, there were two cases of type Ib and two cases IIb respectively. They were all treated by open reduction and internal fixation through flexor?pronator teres interval. Results At cubital fossa, there were 2-3 branches to the pronator teres mostly, 1 branch to flexor carpiradialis and palm longus arising from median nerve. The branch to the flexor digiti superficia?lis usually was long and thick, and divided into 2-5 short twigs near muscle. The branch to palm longus had the same trunk with that to flexor digiti superficialis. The branch to flexor digiti superficialis was the most proximal among those passed through the in?terval of pronator teres and flexor carpiradialis, and its entry point to the muscle had an averaged distance of 37.22 mm to the line passing through medial and lateral humeral epicondyles. It was optimal to expose coronoid tip through the interval of pronator teres and flexor carpiradialis. It was safe to expose coronoid proximal to the branch to flexor digiti superficialis. While, it was better to expose the anteromedial facet and base of corocoid through the interval of palm longus and flexor carpiulnaris via median and ul?nar nerve interface. All of the four patients were followed up for an average period of 9 months. They all achieved bone union from 6 weeks to 3months (mean, 9 weeks). All the patients obtained excellent result according to the modified An&Morrey elbow per?formance index with scores from 94 to 100. Conclusion The novel anteromedial cubital approach via flexor?pronator teres is opti?mal for exposure of coronoid.

Objective To analyze the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of neurosyphilis. Methods Clinical data on and laboratory findings in 18 cases with neurosyphilis collected in the Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University from 2006 to 2008 were retrospectively studied.Results Among the 18 patients, 3 sufferred from asymptomatic neurosyphilis, 1 from meningeal syphilis, 7 from meningovascular syphilis, 5 from paralytic dementia, and 2 from intracranial space-occupation. Toluidine red unheated serum reagin test (TRUST) and Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA) of sera were positive in all the patients; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TRUST was positive in 16 patients, and CSF TPPA in all patients. An increase was observed in CSF leukocyte count in 7 patients and in CSF protein in 13 patients.The findings on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) mainly included demyelination, brain atrophy,cerebral infarction, etc. All the patients, except 2 with a TRUST titer of 1:4, experienced a 4-fold decrease in TRUST titer within a 3-month follow up. Clinical symptoms of neurosyphilis improved in all patients except 1 with paralytic dementia. Conclusions The diversity of clinical manifestations usually leads to the misdiagnosis of neurosyphilis, which should be diagnosed based on comprehensive analysis of clinical characteristics as well as laboratory and imaging findings. Early diagnosis and treatment are beneficial to its prognosis.

Objective To investigate the Influence of beta-thalassemia minor on four different HbA1c detection systems.Methods All 65 blood samples from March 2014 to August 2014 were collected from Zhongshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , and divided to normal control group ( 40 cases ) , no diabetic group(20 cases) and diabetic group (5 cases) combining with beta-thalassemia minor.The fresh mixed whole-blood samples were used for transferring value-assignment in order to improve the comparability of Bio-Rad variant ⅡTurbo, Primus Ultra2 ,Roche Modular PPI to Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱwhich was NGSP Ⅰlaboratory certificated.The whole-blood concentration of HbA 1c were measured by four detection systems . Differences between normal control group and no diabetic group were compared using the Independent Samples T Test.Then Taking the Primus Ultra 2 as comparable system and others as experimental system ,the HbA1c results from no diabetic group and diabetic group were compared by the standardization NGSP Ⅰlaboratory and statistical techniques of consistency test .Results Compared with Variant Ⅱ detection system, after transferring value-assignment, deviations of Variant Ⅱ, Modular PPI and Variant Ⅱ Turbo were -6%to +6%.The HbA1c testing results from normal control group and no diabetic group had no statistical significance (P>0.05).Linear regression analysis demonstrated that the correlation coefficient of Primus Ultra2 with Variant Ⅱ, Modular PPI, VariantⅡTurbo were 0.995, 0.999 and 0.995, respectively (P<0.01).The percentage deviation of the reference system and experimental system was -6.0% to+6.0%.Conclusion There was no obviously significant influence of beta-thalassemia minor on Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ,Bio-Rad variant ⅡTurbo,Primus Ultra2,Roche Modular PPI detection systems.