Objective To study the influence of Nictinamide on the endotheline(ET-1)in patienta with pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH).Methods 66 cases of PAH were divided randomly into two groups (n=33for each):the Nictinamide treatment group and the control group.The changes of endotheline were compared before and after treatment.Results After treatment serum endotheline was significantly lower in the treatment group(P＜0.01),but there was no difference in the control group before and aftertreatment(P＞0.05).The significant difference was observed between treatment group and control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Nictinamide will reduce the level of endothellne and confers some degree therapeutic and preventive value for PAH.

Objective To evaluate the significance of dual-color interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the engraftment estimation and minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring after sex-mismatched allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Method The fluorescence signal of samples from 35 cases in different periods after sex-mismatched allo-HSCT were detected by interphase FISH using chromosome enumeration probes (CEP) X and Y. Results All of 35 patients had been determined to obtain engraftment after allo-HSCT. When the disease relapsed,FISH showed that the percentage of donor chromosomes was decreased and when the disease got remission,the percentage of donor chromosomes increased. When conventional cytogenetics showed 100 % XX or 100 % XY,FISH showed different percentage of host chromosomes.Conclusions The test of dual-color interphase FISH is reliably sensitive and simple for engraftment evaluation and MRD monitoring post HSCT. It is a good complement method to cell morphology and traditional karyotype analysis.

Objective To observe the effect of physical factors and promotion canalization on closed injury of brain.Method 68 cases of closed injury of brain were given the comprehensive rehabilitation therapy with many physical factors and promoting canalization technique.Result The patients' consciousnesses were significantly improved after treatment.The motorial function of hemiplegic limbs was distinctly improved(P< 0.05).The balance functions were distinctly improved(P< 0.001).The activities of daily living abilities were significantly improved(P< 0.05).Conclusion The physical factors and promoting canalization treatment on the closed injury of brain are functionally effective.

Objective To investigate the effects of therapeutic exercise(cage running)on the expression of Bel-2 and Bax in neuronal cells after cerebral hemorrhage(ICH)in rats. Methods A total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 270 to 300 g were divided into a trial group(ICH and exercise group,n=40),a control group (ICH only,n=40)and a sham-operated group(sham ICH operation and no exercise,n=40).The brains were removed at 7,14,21 and 28 days after ICH.The activation of Bcl-2 and Bax WaS measured by immunohistochemical techniques,Western blotting and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results (1)Bel-2-positive and Bax-positive cells appeared in tissues surrounding the hematoma in the cortex.The number of Bcl-2-posotive and Bax-positive cells was nearly zero in the sham-operated group.In the trim group.the number of Bcl-2-positive cells increased significantly from the 21 st to the 28th day.Bax.positive cells decreased from the 7th to the 28th day after ICH when compared with the control group and the sham-operated group.(2)The expression of Bcl-2mRNA and Bax-mRNA as shown by Western blotting and RT-PCR methods was synchronous with the immunohistochemistry results.The peaks of Bcl-2mRNA and BaxmRNA expression were a little earlier than those of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins. Conclusion Exercise can mitigate neuronal cell apoptosis by upregulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 mRNA,and downregulating the expression of Bax and Bax mRNA.

In recent years,the prevalence of diabetes is increasing year by year with the improvement of people's living standard.The traditional oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs as well as insulin injection therapy can not block the progress of the disease course.The deterioration of glycaemic control results in various acute and chronic complications which seriously affect patients' health and bring huge economic burden.The researchers have been seeking new therapeutic regimens to improve or even reverse diabetes process.This paper focuses on the following novel treatment options such as GLP-1 receptor agonist,DPP4 inhibitors, fixed-dose combination,SGLT2 inhibitors,amylin analogues,dopamine receptor agonist,bile acid sequestrant,bariatric surgery and pancreatic stem cell transplantation.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathogenetic condition and cogni-tive impairment in young OSAHS patients. Methods Sixty-three patients (18～44 years old) were divided into 3 groups according to the assessment criteria regarding the degrees of pathogenetic conditions of hypoxemia and its persistence time: mild group(the lowest SaO2 ≥ 85 %, n = 20 ), moderate group (the lowest SaO2 : 65 ～ 84 %, n =24), and severe group (the lowest SAO2<65%, n= 19). Twenty-five healthy young adults were selected as the control group. All the subjects were tested with event-related potential, namely P300, the polysomnogram and the mini-mental state examination scale(MMSE). Results P300 latency in patients of three OSAHS groups was sig-nificantly prolonged as 326.1±12.7, 346.9±19.1, and 34.9±18.3 ms, as compared with those of control group: 311.9±18.3 ms (P< 0.05, respectively). In severe group, P300 latency was markedly increased compared with mild and moderate groups(P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively). No obvious differences were observed between mild and moderate groups(P=0. 095). The difference of hypoxemia lasting time could influence the P300 latency, such as when the hypoxemia lasting time was 4～60 seconds, the latency was 338. 12±13.7 ms, and when the hypoxemia lasting time increased to 60 ～ 140 s, the latency was prolonged to 354.74±16.7 ms(P = 0. 031 ). There was no difference among all groups in the P300 amplitudes. The MMSE scores for all patients were within normal limits andthere were differences between serve and control group(RA -RB=9. 91, P= 0. 003). Conclusion Among patients with OS-AHS, the impairment of cognitive function is con'anon. The degrees of pathogenetic conditions of hypoxemia and its lasting time may be used to evaluate the impairment degree of cognitive function in patients with OSAHS.

Objective To investigate the role of NF-κB activation in the inflammatory mechanism of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods Monocyte were collected from patients with COPD and were cultured,and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ; NF-κB p65 activation was measured by immunohistochemistry; SOD ,MDA and IL-8 and lung function were determined synchronously.Results The NF-κB p65 was induced by LPS in monocyte in all subjects, but it was most markedly done in COPD patients with exacerbateions; There was positive correlation between the NF-κB p65 activation of monocytes and levels of IL-8 and MDA in circulation, but it was negative correlation to SOD.Conclusion NF-κB plays a vital role in regulating product of IL-8 in monocyte in COPD.

Objective To investigate the influence of EBV infection on the expression of tumor suppressor gene p53. Methods EBER1 in 217 cases of gastric carcinoma were detected with in situ hybridization. Then, EBV positive and negative cases were selected for analysis of the expression of p53 by immunohistochemistry. Results In 217 cases of gastric carcinoma, there were 23 cases with EBER1 positive. The average area (AA), mean absorbency and integral absorbency of p53 expression were higher in EBV positive gastric carcinoma than those in EBV negative. Conclusions EBV infection of gastric carcinoma is closely related to the expression of p53 in this study.

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical efficacy of Nalmefene in the treatment of chronic type Ⅱrespiratory failure. METHODS: A total of 40 patients with chronic type Ⅱ respiratory failure were randomly divided into treatment group and the control group: the treatment group received Nalmefene (1.0 mg) plus 5% GS (250 mL) q.d by iv gtt. in addition to the routine treatment, and the control group received 1.875 g Nikethamide plus 5% GS (250 mL) q.d by iv gtt. After 5-day treatment, the clinical symptom, physical signs, adverse drug reactions, lung function testing and blood gas analysis in two groups were evaluated. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 95.0% in the treatment group vs. 60.0% in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the frequency distribution of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene I474V polymorphisms and their relationship with patients with ischemic stroke (IS)of Uygur and Han ethnic groups in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods The I474V polymorphism was identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCRRFLP) in 407 patients with IS(including 219 Hans and 188 Uygurs)and 425 health controls (including 255 Hans and 170 Uygurs),and some specimens were sequenced.Results (1) Between IS group and control group,the genotypes Ⅱ and Ⅳ had no statistically significant differences in the levels of triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ; Total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels had statistically significant differences; LDL-C levels had also statistically significant differences.Between IS and control groups,TC,LDL,HDL-C levels of genotype Ⅱ showed statistically significant difference.In the IS group,TC,LDL-C levels of Ⅳ genotype were significantly higher than the control group,the difference being statistically significant.(2) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution between IS and control groups (9.5％ (77/814) vs 4.5％ (38/850),x2 =16.09,P =0.000).And the distribution of allele frequency was statistically different (18.9％ (77/407) vs 8.9％ (38/425),x2 =17.38,P =0.000).(3) The differences of I474V loci Ⅳ genotype frequency distribution in Xinjiang Uygurs and Hans were statistically significant (27.7％ (52/188) vs 11.4％ (25/219),x2 =17.40,P =0.000; 12.9％ (22/170) vs 6.3％ (16/255),x2 =5.57,P =0.018) ; So did the Ⅴ allele frenquency distribution (13.8％ (52/376) vs 5.7％ (25/438),x2 =15.58,P =0.000; 6.5％ (22/340) vs 3.1％ (16/510),x2 =10.44,P =0.001).(4) There was statistically significant difference in the genotype distribution and allele frenquency distribution between IS group and control group in the Xinjiang Uygurs (27.7％ (52/188) vs 12.9％ (22/170),x2 =11.79,P =0.001 ; 13.8％ (52/376) vs 6.5％ (22/340),x2 =10.44,P =0.001) ; But there was no statistically significant difference in the Hans.Conclusions Ⅱ and Ⅳ genotypes are dominant in the I474V polymorphism loci of PCSK9 gene.The genotype of PCSK9 gene I474V polymorphism is correlated with increasing serum levels of TC and LDL-C.I474V polymorphism is associated with cerebral IS course in Xinjiang region.There is statistically significant difference in the genotype I474V distribution between Uygur and Han groups.I474V polymorphism has a relationship with the occurrence of IS in Xinjiang Uygurs.Ⅳ may be a susceptible genotype and Ⅴ may be a genetic susceptible allele of the Xinjiang Uygurs.