Objective:To investigate the expressions and significance of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and their clinical significances.Methods:The tissues of 87 DLBCL patients undergoing resection and 23 patients with lymphoid tissue reactive hyperplasia (RLH) in the First Central Hospital of Baoding from January 2015 to March 2020 were collected. Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in tissues of DLBCL and RLH, and the relationship between the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 as well as the association with the clinicopathological features of DLBCL patients.Results:The positive rates of cyclin D2 protein in DLBCL and RLH were 33.3% (29/87) and 2.0% (1/23), the positive rates of bcl-2 protein in DLBCL and RLH were 60.9% (54/87) and 7.0% (3/23); the positive rates of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 in DLBCL were higher than those in RLH, and the differences were statistically significant( χ2=7.566, P=0.006; χ2=17.512, P < 0.01). The expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 proteins were related to the Ann Arbor staging and immunophenotype of DLBCL patients (all P < 0.05), while not related to age, gender, cancer location, tissue type (all P > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the expressions of cyclin D2 and bcl-2 protein in DLBCL ( r=1.000, P < 0.01). Conclusions:cyclin D2 and bcl-2 may be related to the development and progression of DLBCL, and both may have some synergies.

Objective To explore the changes of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6),and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in patients with gastric cancers and the clinical relationships with Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection.Methods Totally 62 cases of patients who were diagnosed gastric cancer in our hospital from January 2013 to September 2015 were selected as the study group,who did not accept anti-tumor therapy.The patients were divided into the Hp positive group (with 53 cases) and Hp negative group (with 9 cases) according to whether the merger of Hp infection.Another 60 normal healthy volunteers of the same age in our hospital for health examination during the same period were selected as the control group.The serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels were detected,and the changes of the factors in the study group and control group were compared and analyzed,as well as the U values of Hp infection.The clinical relationships between the expression levels of the two in patients with gastric cancer and the U values of Hp infection were confirmed.Results The serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels and the U values of Hp infection of the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P ＜ 0.05),which in the Hp positive group were significantly higher than those in the Hp negative group (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of serum IL-6 and IL-8 in patients with gastric cancer showed positive correlations with the U value of Hp infection (r =0.457,0.531,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels in patients with gastric cancer are much higher than those in normal healthy people,and there are significant positive relationship with Hp infection.It can improve the curative effect of gastric cancer patients by improving the eradication rate of Hp.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in ovarian serous carcinoma(OSC) and their clinicopathological significance.Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 protein in 45 cases of OSC,60 cases of ovarian serous cystadenomas and 32 cases of ovarian borderline serous cystadenomas were detected by immunohistochemical SP method.The relationship between the expressions of these two proteins and the clinicopathological features of OSC and the correlation between Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 expressions in OSC were analyzed.Results The positive rates of Apaf-1 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 24.4%(11/45),75.0%(45/60) and 46.9%(15/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=26.734,P<0.01).Apaf-1 expression was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=6.318,7.565,5.554,P<0.05).The expression rates of Caspase-9 in OSC,ovarian serous cystadenoma and ovarian borderline serous cystadenoma were 28.9%(13/45),83.3%(50/60) and 56.3%(18/32),the difference was statistically significant (χ2=31.682,P<0.01).The expression of Caspase-9 was correlated with pathological grade,clinical stage and lymph nodes metastasis (χ2=5.750,4.391,5.466,P<0.05).In OSC,the expressions of Apaf-1 and Capase-9 were positively correlated (k=0.433,P=0.003).Conclusion The low expressions of Apaf-1 and Caspase-9 in OSC may be related to the occurrence and development of OSC.

Purpose To study the expression of HIF-1αand Glut-1 in the molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma and their correlation with basal-like breast carcinoma. Methods 803 cases of invasive breast carcinoma from our database were identified. The clinicopath-ologic findings and the biologic markers including estrogen receptor ( ER) , progesterone receptor ( PR) , and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) status were reviewed. Immunohistochemical MaxVision stains for cytokeratin 5/6 (CK5/6) and epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) were performed. All breast carcinomas were subclassified into Luminal A, Lumincal B, HER-2 over-expression, normal-like, and basal-like subtypes according to Nielsen criteria. Immunohistochemical stain was also used to detect the expression of HIF-1αand Glut-1. Results Positive expression rates of HIF-1αprotein in basal-like, HER-2 over-expression, normal-like, Luminal A and Luminal B substypes were 77. 89% (74/95), 56. 06% (37/66), 55. 76% (92/165), 31. 97% (141/441), 25. 00% (9/36), respectively. The positive expression rates of Glut-1 protein were 80. 00% (76/95), 57. 58% (38/66), 58. 18%(96/165), 34. 01% (150/441), 25. 00% (9/36), respectively. The positive expression rates of HIF-1α and Glut-1 in the basal-like, HER-2 over-expressing and normal-like subtypes were remarkably higher than that in Luminal A and Luminal B subtypes ( P<0. 004 5) and the expression of HIF-1a and Glut-1 was negatively correlated with the expression of ER (P<0. 01). In the ER-negative breast cancers, the positive expression rates of HIF-1a and Glut-1 in basal-like substype were much higher than that in the other sub-types (P<0. 004 5), and the expression of HIF-1α was positively correlated with expression of Glut-1 in basal-like breast carcinoma (P<0. 01). Conclusion The overexpression of HIF-1αand Glut-1 may be closely related to the ER-negative breast cancer and HIF-1α and Glut-1 might play an important role in the development of basal-like breast carcinoma.

Objective To detect the protein expressions of S100A7 and CD34 in basal-like breast carcinoma and analyze the clinical relationship between S100A7 and basal-like breast cancer and the connection with CD34 markers microvessel denisity (MVD).To study the function of S100A7 in basal-like breast cancer angiogenesis,invasion and metastasis.Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expressions of S100A7 and CD34 in 60 cases of basal-like breast cancer,40 cases of non basal-like breast cancer and 20 cases of normal breast tissues.Results The expressions of S100A7 in basal-like breast cancer,non basallike breast cancer and normal breast tissues were 83.33％,62.50％ and 35.00％ respectively.There were significant differences among them (x2 =5.556,P ＜ 0.051; x2 =17.107,P ＜ 0.05; x2 =4.051,P ＜ 0.05).There was positive correlation between S100A7 and lymph node metastasis,TNM staging and MVD of basal-like breast cancer patients.But there was no significant correlation between S100A7 and patient's age and tumor sizes.Conclusion The up-regulation of S100A7 expressions may be associated with the occurrence and development,invasion and metastasis,angiogenesis of basal-like breast cancer.The effects of S100A7 promoting angiogenesis may be an important factor in the acceleration of the local invasion and distant metastasis in basallike breast cancer.

Objective To explore the application value of detecting HPV E6/E7 mRNA in cervical cancer screening and prognosis.Methods bDNA technology was used to detect the HPV E6/E7 mRNA levels in 301 cases of paraffin-embedded cervical samples that were grouped based on pathological diagnosis.Statistic differece between multiple groups were assessed by chi-square segmentation method.Results The positive detection rate of HPV E6/E7 mRNA is higher in cervical cancer group than that in CIN1-3 groups and cervicitis group,which were 94.29 ％ (66/70),30.30 ％ (20/66),50.00 ％ (19/38),59.46 ％ (44/74),5.66 ％ (3/50),respectively (all P ＜ 0.004 5).The HPV E6/E7-positive rates in all three CIN groups were higher than that in cervicitis group (P ＜ 0.004 5).The positive rates in CIN2 and CIN3 group were higher than that in CIN1 group (P ＜ 0.004 5).HPV E6/E7 mRNA levels in cervical cancer group were higher than those in CIN groups and cervicitis group (16 508.730±8 741.402,929:337±460.880,3 239.681±1 447.399,5 286.224±2 933.445,4.941±2.263,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).CIN groups had higher copy numbers of HPV E6/E7 mRNA than cervicitis group (P ＜ 0.05).More copies of HPV E6/E7 mRNA were detected in CIN3 group than those in CIN1 group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The positive rate and expression levels of HPV E6/ E7 mRNA was related to the severity of cervical diseases.HPV E6/E7 mRNA detection in paraffin-embedded samples have a high clinical application value in predicting the risk of cervical cancer.It' s an effective measure for cervical cancer screening and follow-up.

Objective To detect the protein expression of Cripto-1 and CD34 in basal-like breast carcinoma and study the functions of Cripto-1 in basal-like breast cancer angiogenesis,invasion and metastasis.Methods Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression of Cripto-1 and CD34 in 60 cases of basal-like breast cancer,40 cases of non basal-like breast cancer and 20 cases of normal breast tissues.The clinical relationship between Cripto-1 and basal-like breast cancer were analyzed as well as its connection with CD34 markers MVD.Results The expression of Cripto-1 protein in basal-like breast cancer (42/60,70.00 ％) was significantly higher than that of nonbasal-like breast cancer (19/40,47.50 ％) and normal breast tissue (4/20,20.00 ％) (both P ＜ 0.05).The expression of Cripto-1 protein was positively correlated with the tumor size,clinical stage,lymph nodes metastasis and MVD value in patients of basal-like breast cancer (all P ＜ 0.05),but there was no corelation with the age of the patients (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The up-regulation of Cripto-1 expression may be associated with angiogenesis and development in basal-like breast cancer.The effect of Cripto-1 promoting angiogenesis may be an important factor in the acceleration of the local invasion and distant metastasis in basal-like breast cancer.

Objective To explore the effects of C-pseudonucleosides bearing thiazolidin-4-one as immunostimulants on differentiation and activation of human lymphocytes. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy adults,and then incubated with immunostimulants (CH1a,CH2a,CH1b,CH2b and pidotimod).After 48 h,we collected the supernatants and then detected the concentrations of IL-2,IL-4 and IFN-γ using ELISA.After 72 h,the proliferation was detected using MTT method.PBMC incubated with immunostimulants (CH1a,CH2a,CH1b,CH2b and pidotimod),after 72 h,the cultural cells were collected and CD expressions of lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results All samples could stimulate proliferation of T cells.Immunostimulants CH1a,CH2a and pidotimod could elevate the expressions of CD3,CD4,CD19 and CD16CD56,and stimulate the secretions of IL-2 and IFN-γ. Immunostimulants CH1b and CH2b could elevate the expressions of CD3,CD4,CD19 and CD16CD56,and stimulate the secretions of IL-2 and IL-4. Conclusion Immunostimulants CH1a and CH2a could differentiate Th0 into Th1 and promote the proliferation of B cells as well as NK cells.However,immunostimulants CH1b and CH2b could differentiate Th0 into Th2 and promote the proliferation of B cells and NK cells.

Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9)and advanced glycation end products (AGE)levels were measured in the diabetic patients with or without foot problems as well as in healthy retired people. In diabetic patients serum MMP-9 and AGE levels were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects. Median MMP-9 level in patients with diabetic foot was higher than that in diabetic patients without foot ulcers. Increased serum MMP-9 in diabetes might predict occurance of diabetic foot and poor wound healing of the foot ulcers.

OBJECTIVETo prepare eye drops of puerarin liposomes and investigate its lacrimal pharmacokinetics in rabbit tears.

METHODPuerarin liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation technique. The liposomes and free puerarin were separated by SephadexG-50 chromatography and then encapsulation ratio of liposomes was determined in detail. Micromorphology of liposome particles was observed by electronic transmission microscope and the size distribution of the liposomes was analyzed by laser particle size analyzer. The concentration of puerarin in rabbit's tears was determined by HPLC after ocular administration of 50 microL puerarin liposomes while puerarin eye drops was chosen as control with the same puerarin concentration. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by software program 3P97 according to one-compartment mode.

RESULTGlobal liposome nanoparticles with diameter of about 195.7 nm were prepared successfully. The encapsulation ratio of puerarin in the liposomes was 48.3%. The mean residence time (MRT) value and the area under concentration (AUC) of puerarin in liposome were 3.89 and 3.06 times more than those of puerarin eye drops.

CONCLUSIONLiposomes as a drug carrier can greatly increase the concentration of puerarin in tears, enhance the pre-ocular retention time than that of eye drops.

Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Isoflavones ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Liposomes ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Tears ; chemistry