A case of a 47-year-old female patient who had a severe headache for 2 days was reported. Spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH, hunt-Hess classification Ⅱ level)-anterior communicating aneurysm rupture was diagnosed by brain CT and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination.Intravascular interventional aneurysm embolization was performed, and the patient appeared progressive limb weakness 5 days after operation. Physical examination revealed grade Ⅱ upper limb muscle strength and grade Ⅰ lower limb muscle strength. The muscle tone of the extremities was decreased,and the tendon reflex disappeared. The pinprick pain was decreased below the double wrist joints and the ankle joints. After neuroelectrophysiology test and cerebrospinal fluid assay, the patient was diagnosed as Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with subarachnoid hemorrhagic aneurysm embolization.

Objective To study the effect of high frequency stimulation (HFS) in pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) on the neuronal activities of globus pallidus internus (Gpi) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) model rats, and the mechanisms there-of. Methods Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, control group (n=30) and PD model group (n=40). PD rat model was established by the injection of 6-OHDA into substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) on the right side of the brain with stereotactic technique. Electrophysiological recordings were made in anaesthetized rats to investigate the ef-fects of HFS-PPN on the firing rate of the GPi neurons. Brain microdialysis combined with high-performance liquid chroma-tography was applied to detect glutamate (Glu) andγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in GPi. Results HFS-PPN caused an excitatory reaction of the majority of neurons recorded in the GPi in PD model group and control group. The mean firing rate of GPi excited neurons was significantly increased (P﹤0.01). The levels of Glu were reduced under HFS-PPN and the levels of GABA were not affected (P>0.05).Conclusion HFS-PPN heightened the electrical activity of GPi neurons and re-duced the level of Glu. These excitatory effects were probably realized by PPN-GPi direct path or other indirect path.

Objective:To develop a highly efficacious and sensitive immunological reagent for further investigation on the retinoic acid-induced gene I (Rig-I) of mouse .Methods:The Helicase domain coding region (726-2 240 bp) of mRig-I-H was cloned into plasmid pET15b (+) to construct the recombinant plasmid pET15b(+)-mRig-I-H.Then the plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21 for protein expression.Rabbits were immunized with electrophoresis-purified recombinant protein to obtain the polyclonal antibody against mRig-I-H.The titer of polyclonal antibody was detected by ELISA and the specificity was identified by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Results:The recombinant protein was expressed successfully in E.coli.Western blot analysis showed that target protein was expressed with a molecular weight of 40 kD.Titer of the polyclonal antibody was about 1∶1?105 by ELISA assay.With this antibody,we could detect the expression of Rig-I in RAW 264.7 cell line by Western blot and Immunofluorescence.Conclusion:The high level expression of Rig-I Helicase domain is induced in E.coli expressing system.Anti-mRig-I-H polyclonal antibody with high titer and fine specificity could be a novel tool in future investigation of Rig-I.

Objective To explore the mechanism of the low-frequency electrical stimulate on pedunculopontine nu-cleus to treat the Parkinson (PD) through observinge the low-frequency electrical stimulation of Pedunculopontine Nucleus (PPN) in PD rat model and the effects of neurotransmitters (GPi) neurons discharge in the medial part of the globus pallidus. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly assigned to the control group and the PD model group, with 15 in each group. PD model was established through injecting 6-OHDA into Substantia nigra compact (SNc) of black rat. Effect of low frequency electrical stimulation, micro-electrophoresis glutamate (Glu) and its receptor blocking breaking agent MK-801,γ-aminobu-tyric acid (GABA) and its receptor antagonist bicuculline (BIC) on discharge of rat neuron GPi was examined using extracel-lular unit recording methods through seven glass microelectrode recording. Results When stimulated by low frequency electrical stimulation of PPN, reactions from the control group and neuronal response GPi in PD rats were inhibited. The aver-age discharge frequency was reduced compared to pre-stimulation (P < 0.01). Micro-electrophoresis and BIC Glu excite neurons while microiontophoresis MK-801 and GABA restrain neurons. In the background of micro-electrophoresis BIC’s excitatory effects on neuron, low-frequency electrical stimulation on PPN reduced neuronal firing frequency. And in the background of inhibition effect of micro-electrophoresis MK-801, low-frequency stimulation PPN further restrain neuronal discharge frequency. Conclusion Low frequency electrical stimulation inhibits GPi PPN neuronal activity probably though regulating neurons projecting to the Glu and GABA nerve pathways in GPi neuron.

Objective Our purpose is to investigate the expression of natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) in the retina and to understand the NPR-A’ s functions during the mouse development .Methods Mice eyes were harvested from E16 ( embryonic day 16 ) to P90 ( postnatal day 90 ) . Total of 127 eyes were used in the study . Immunohistochemistries of NPR-A were carried out .Results During development , NPR-A was widely expressed in the retinal neurons .In the outer nuclear layer , NPR-A began to appear in the inner and outer projections of cone and rod cells at P7, but decreased at P14.From P30 afterward, it continued to express weakly .In the inner nuclear layer , NPR-A expressed in the dendrites of bipolar cells weakly from P 7 to adulthood , whereas no expression in horizontal cells .In the ganglion cell layer, NPR-A started highly to express in the ganglion cell bodies at E 16, and in the meantime, in the nerve fiber layer , ganglion cell axons , NPR-A was expressed highly from embryonic to adult .In the inner and outer plexiform layers, NPR-A was highly expressed at P14, but decreased gradually after P30.In addition, NPR-A also widely expressed in the inner protrusions of Müller cells.Conclusion NPR-A participates in the development of the retina , and may be the key molecule in the developing retinal neurons .Moreover, it plays an important regulatory role in the functional activity of Müller cells .

Objective To observe the intervention effect of Forbrain speech auditory feedback training on cognitive dysfunction in patients with stroke.methods 120 patients with cognitive dysfunction after stroke were divided into experimental group 1(n=40),experimental group 2 (n=40)and control group(n=40).The control group accepted conventional rehabilitation,while the experimental group 1 received Forbrain speech auditory feedback training additionally,and the experimental group 2 received the non-standard Forbrain speech auditory feedback training additionally.All the cases were assessed with Montreal cognitive assessment scale (MoCA)before and 10 weeks after intervention.Result sAfter 10-week intervention,the scores of structure skills(2.05±0.50),attention and concentration(2.15±0.36),memory(2.18±0.59) and the total score of MoCA(17.53±2.41) in experimental group 1 were higher than those in experimental group 2 (1.80±0.46,1.90±0.44,1.90±0.55,17.53±2.41) and control group(1.78±0.53),1.85±0.36,1.70±0.56,17.18±2.37) (all P<0.05).The Scores of language in experimental group 1(2.03±0.48)and experimental group 2(1.85±0.53) were higher than those in control group(1.70±0.46) (all P<0.05).Conclusion Forbrain speech auditory feedback training can improve cognitive function of patients with stroke.

Objective To study the expression of L-type calcium channel gene(?1c) and transient outward potassium channel gene(kv4.3)during the procession of MSCs differentiating into cardiomyocytes.Methods MSCs were isolated cultured,passaged,purified,and then exposed to 5-aza for 24 hours.The expression of ?1C and kv4.3 gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.Result MSCs had already expressed ?1c and kv4.3 mRNA before 5-aza treatment.The expression of kv4.3 was significantly increased after 5-aza exposure at 24 hoursand at 4th,7th day and 14th day,wheras the expression of ?1C was impaired.Conlusion L-type calcium channel and transient outward potassium channel played important roles during procession of MSCs differentiating into cardiomyocytes.

Objective:To assess the β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition of voxel-based PET imaging in Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and its relationships with blood biomarkers (Aβ).Methods:From January 2015 to December 2018, a total of 23 AD patients (9 males, 14 females, age (68.5±9.0) years; duration: (40.9±23.3) months; 8 mild patients, 15 moderate or severe patients) who underwent Aβ PET and with positive imaging results in Daping Hospital, Army Medical University were retrospectively enrolled. The information of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were collected. Blood level of Aβ42, Aβ40 were measured. Differences of those metrics including Aβ42/Aβ40 between mild and moderate or severe patients were compared. For all 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) PET images, voxel-based one-sample independent t test analyses were performed. Voxel-based two-sample independent t test analyses were also performed between mild and moderate or severe patients. The voxel-based Pearson correlation analyses were run to assess the associations between blood metrics and Aβ deposition of 11C-PIB PET. Results:Comparing with mild patients, moderate or severe patients had lower MMSE (9.67±4.37 vs 17.13±2.80; t=4.349, P<0.001) and longer duration ((48.8±23.8) vs (26.0±13.5) months; t=-2.489, P<0.05). On voxel-wise analysis, amyloid PET illustrated brain Aβ deposition in bilateral frontal, right temporal, right occipital and posterior cingulate regions ( t values: 0.44-0.67, all P<0.001). Within AD, Aβ42/Aβ40 ( r values: from -0.62 to -0.41, 0.41-0.66, all P<0.05) were associated with amyloid PET, but not associated with Aβ42 ( r values: from -0.33 to 0, all P>0.05) or Aβ40 ( r values: from -0.41 to 0, all P>0.05). Conclusions:Based on voxel-wise analysis, 11C-PIB PET has comparable value for brain Aβ deposition. Aβ42/Aβ40 has the potential to predict brain Aβ deposition.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and explore the factors that may affect the binding of 11C-PIB. Methods:From January 2017 to December 2019, the 11C-PIB uptake of 6 patients with normal cognitive (NC; 3 males, 3 females, age: (64.5±12.3) years), 11 patients with MCI (4 males, 7 females, age: (64.5±9.8) years) and 21 patients with AD (7 males, 14 females, age: (68.1±9.1) years) from Daping Hospital, Army Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Regional 11C-PIB binding was assessed by using standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and visual reading of 11C-PIB scan. Clinical data, including age, gender, education level, cognitive impairment, neuropsychological scale score, vascular risk factors (VRF), apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene, were collected and differences among groups were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance, least significant difference t test or Fisher exact test. Factors that affected the 11C-PIB binding were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results:SUVR of cerebral lobe among NC, MCI and AD groups were significantly different (range of mean SUVR: 1.16-1.26, 1.19-1.35 and 1.40-1.61; F values: 5.331-9.279, all P<0.05). For positive PIB patients, SUVR of posterior cingulate and precuneus were increased in MCI group compared with NC group (1.20±0.15 vs 1.50±0.12, 1.18±0.15 vs 1.59±0.13; F values: 6.389 and 10.668, t values: -2.33 and -3.10, both P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in all lobes between MCI and AD group ( t values: from -1.29 to -0.51, all P>0.05). Visual analysis showed that the positive rates of PIB in frontal lobe (85.7%(18/21)), posterior cingulate (85.7%(18/21)), precuneus (81.0%(17/21)), temporal lobe (81.0%(17/21)) and occipital lobe (47.6%(10/21)) in AD were higher than those in MCI (4/11, 4/11, 4/11, 3/11 and 1/11, respectively; all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that the degree of cognitive impairment were independent risk factors for SUVR of all lobes ( b values: 0.377-0.536, all P<0.05). The ApoE ε4 gene was independent risk factor for SUVR of precuneus ( b=0.290, P<0.05). Conclusion:11C-PIB is helpful for clinical diagnosis of MCI and AD patients and the degree of cognitive impairment and ApoE ε4 gene may be independent risk factors for increasing 11C-PIB binding.

Objective To study the influence of excessive iodine intake on the 99Tcm-pertechnetate uptake function of thyroid and explore the related mechanism.Methods A total of 150 male Wistar rats were divided into normal iodine group (NI group) and 4 high iodine (HI) groups (10HI,50HI,100HI and 500HI group) with completely random method.Each group included 30 rats.Rats in HI groups were intragastrically administrated with different concentrations of KIO3,and rats in NI group were administrated with the same amount of distilled water.After a 7 d HI diet,each group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups:7 d group (HI diet for 7 d),10 d group (HI diet for 7 d + limiting iodine for 3 d) and 14 d group (HI diet for 7 d + limiting iodine for 7 d).All rats were given 1.85 MBq 99TcmO4-,then the thyroid glands were isolated and weighed 20 min post-injection.The radioactive counts were measured and the thyroid uptake percentage activity of injected dose per gram of tissue (％ID/g) of 99TcmO4-for each sample was calculated.Sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) expression level was analyzed by Western blot.One-way analysis of variance or Welch test was used to compare the differences among groups,and Spearman rank correlation analysis was also used.Results At the same observation time,the ％ID/g of 99TcmO4-and NIS expression among different HI groups were statistically significant (F values:48.825-119.219,all P＜0.01).In NI and 10 HI groups,％ID/g of 99TcmO4-and NIS expression were not significantly different among different time subgroups (F values:0.090-4.753,all P＞0.05).Significant differences of ％ ID/g of 99TcmO4-and NIS expression were found among different time subgroups in 50HI,100HI and 500HI groups (F values:10.442-90.408,all P＜0.01).Spearman correlation analysis showed that the concentration of iodine correlated negatively with ％ID/g of 99TcmO4-and NIS expression (rs values:-0.853 and-0.950,both P＜0.01),while the ％ID/g of 99TcmO4-and NIS expression was positively correlated (rs =0.925,P＜0.01).Conclusions Excessive iodine intake can inhibit thyroid uptake of 99TcmO4-in rats,which is associated with the down-regulation of NIS expression.The degree of inhibition correlates positively with iodine concentration,and correlates negatively with NIS expression.The degree of recovery of NIS and ％ID/g of 99TcmO4-may relate to the time of limiting the iodine intake.