Atherosclerosis ; Autophagy ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans

Objectives To analyze prognosis and risk factors of Barcelona Clinical Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with hepatectomy.Methods Clinical data of 162 BCLC stage B patients who underwent hepatectomy at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital and the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from June 2007 to December 2013 were retrospectively studied.The correlations between factors (age,gender) and long-term outcome were analyzed to determine independent risk factors.Subsequently,subgroup analysis of BCLC stage B hepatocellular carcinoma was performed.Results Multiple tumors,maximum tumor diameter ＞ 10 cm and AFP ＞ 100 μg/L were con firmed as independent risk factors of overall survival in postoperative BCLC B patients.Based on the risk factors,patients were divided into two groups,namely low-risk subgroup (≤ 1 risk factor) and high-risk subgroup (≥ 2 risk factors).In low-risk subgroup,1,3 and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 91.6％,65.5％,61.9％ respectively,and mean OS was 72 months.By contrast,1,3 and 5-year OS rates in high-risk subgroup were 67.4％,25.6％,10.8％ respectively,and mean OS was 29 months.Further more,1,3 and 5-year OS rates of all patients were 85.2％,54.9％,48.0％ respectively,and mean OS was 61 months.Conclusions Relatively favorable long-term outcomes could be yielded in BCLC stage B hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with liver resection.The independent risk factors including multiple tumors,maximum tumor diameter ＞ 10 cm and AFP ＞ 100 μg/L were closely correlated with overall survival.BCLC stage B hepatocellular carcinoma patients could be divided into low-risk and high-risk subgroups based on the risk factors mentioned above.Survival rates in low-risk subgroup are remarkably superior to those in high-risk subgroup.

Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility,safety and advantages of transum-bilical laparoscopic single-site surgery in large hysterectomy.Methods A total of 82 patients with laparoscopic large hysterectomy were selected as the study objects.Among them,41 patients under-went transumbilical single-hole laparoscopic surgery(single-hole group)and 41 patients underwent traditional multi-hole laparoscopic surgery(multi-hole group).Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,24 h postoperative Visual Analogue Score(VAS),postoperative exhaust time,postoperative morbidity,postoperative hospital stay,cosmetic incision score,postoperative inflammatory index,neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR),incidence of complications and the difference of hemoglobin be-fore and after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results The operation was successful-ly completed in both groups without conversion to laparotomy,and no serious surgical complications occurred.No auxiliary holes were added in the single-hole group.The postoperative exhaust time in the single-hole group was significantly shorter than that in the multi-hole group,the VAS score at 24 h after surgery and NLR at the first day after surgery were significantly lower than those in the multi-hole group,and the aesthetic score of the postoperative incision was significantly higher than that in the multi-hole group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Under the condition of strict control of surgi-cal indications,transumbilical laparoscopic single-site surgery in large hysterectomy has good safety and high feasibility,and has the advantages of fast postoperative exhaust,relieved postoperative pain,light immunosuppression and a incision.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on the stemness and epirubicin sensitivity of hepatoma cells. MethodsHepatoma cells were selected for experiment. HepG2 hepatoma cells transfected with HIF-1α overexpression plasmid were selected as experimental group, and those transfected with pcDNA3.1 empty plasmid were selected as control group; HepG2 cells alone were selected as HepG2 group. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of HIF-1α; Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of HIF-1α; flow cytometry was used to measure the expression of CD133 on the surface of hepatoma cells. The three groups of cells were treated with epirubicin at different concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 50 μmol/L) for 24 hours; MTT assay was used to measure cell viability, and flow cytometry was used to measure apoptosis after treatment with epirubicin (50 μmol/L). A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups, and the t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the HepG2 group and the control group, the experimental group had a significant increase in the mRNA expression of HIF-1α (both P＜0.001), and Western blot showed high expression of HIF-1α in the experimental group. The percentage of CD133 cells was 0.040%±0.003% in the HepG2 group, 0.030%±0.010% in the control group, and 20.110%±0.600% in the experimental group, and the experimental group had a significantly higher positive rate of CD133+ than the HepG2 group and the control group (both P＜0.001). At an epirubicin concentration of 25 and 50 μmol/L, the HepG2 group and the control group had significantly inhibited cell viability and a significantly lower cell viability than the experimental group (both P＜005). After the treatment with 50 μmol/L epirubicin for 48 hours, the experimental group had a significantly lower cell apoptosis rate than the HepG2 group (67.9%±2.5% vs 93.6%±1.5%, P＜0.001) and the control group (67.9%±2.5% vs 93.0%±1.2%, P＜0001). ConclusionHepG2 cells are successfully transfected with HIF-1α overexpression plasmid, and HIF-1α can increase the percentage of liver cancer stem cells and improve their resistance to epirubicin.

Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility,safety and advantages of transum-bilical laparoscopic single-site surgery in large hysterectomy.Methods A total of 82 patients with laparoscopic large hysterectomy were selected as the study objects.Among them,41 patients under-went transumbilical single-hole laparoscopic surgery(single-hole group)and 41 patients underwent traditional multi-hole laparoscopic surgery(multi-hole group).Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,24 h postoperative Visual Analogue Score(VAS),postoperative exhaust time,postoperative morbidity,postoperative hospital stay,cosmetic incision score,postoperative inflammatory index,neutrophil lymphocyte ratio(NLR),incidence of complications and the difference of hemoglobin be-fore and after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results The operation was successful-ly completed in both groups without conversion to laparotomy,and no serious surgical complications occurred.No auxiliary holes were added in the single-hole group.The postoperative exhaust time in the single-hole group was significantly shorter than that in the multi-hole group,the VAS score at 24 h after surgery and NLR at the first day after surgery were significantly lower than those in the multi-hole group,and the aesthetic score of the postoperative incision was significantly higher than that in the multi-hole group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Under the condition of strict control of surgi-cal indications,transumbilical laparoscopic single-site surgery in large hysterectomy has good safety and high feasibility,and has the advantages of fast postoperative exhaust,relieved postoperative pain,light immunosuppression and a incision.

Objective To investigate the applied value of routine ultrasound and shear wave elastography (SWE) in the comparison between triple negative breast cancer ( TNBC) and non-triple negative breast cancer (non-TNBC) . Methods A total of 120 lesions in 120 patients with pathologically confirmed breast cancer were retrospectively reviewed ,which were examined by routine ultrasound and SWE before surgery . According to immunohistochemical analysis ,those were divided into TNBC group and non-TNBC group . The features of routine ultrasound ( including shape ,orientation ,margin ,boundary ,echo pattern ,microcalcification ,posterior features of each lesion and blood flow characteristics) and the SWE index[including the average value of the lesion stiffness(Emean) ,the maximum value (Emax) ,the minimum value (Emin) ,the standard deviation (SD) ,and the ratio of the normal breast gland tissue (Eratio)] in the two groups were analyzed and compared . Results ① Two-dimensional ultrasound :TNBC lesions mostly showed the margin of microlobulated ,abrupt boundaries and no internal microcalcification ,but non-TNBC lesions were more likely to have an angular or spiculated margin ,an echogenic halo of boundary and a few microcalcification in the interior ,which were statistically different( P ＜0 .05) . The grade of blood flow and resistance index between TNBC and non-TNBC group showed no statistical difference( P ＞0 .05) . ② The values of Emax ,Emean and Eratio were statistically different( P ＜0 .05) ,with AUCs of 0 .811 ,0 .781 ,and 0 .770 , respectively . Conclusions Routine ultrasound and SWE can comprehensively analyze the morphology ,blood flow and stiffness features of breast lesions ,which provides more valid information to identify T NBC and non-T NBC .

Platinum antitumor drugs are widely used for clinical treatment because of their unique antitumor mechanisms, significant antitumor effects, and broad antitumor spectrum. Yet shortcomings such as toxic side effects, drug resistance and cross-resistance of platinum-based drugs have limited their further application. Platinum-intercalator conjugates possess different antitumor mechanisms from those of classic platinum drugs, and have unique advantages in overcoming the disadvantages of classic platinum antitumor drugs. The platinum-intercalator conjugates can be classified into six categories based on the different DNA-intercalator: platinum-acridine, platinum-quinoline, platinum-indole, platinum-naphthalimides, platinum-anthraquinone and platinum-based antitumor agents containing other types of intercalating groups. This article summarizes the research progress of platinum-based antitumor drugs containing DNA insertion groups in recent years.

Allergic rhinitis（AR） is an independent risk factor for allergic asthma. Some AR patients may have developed airway hyperresponsiveness（AHR） in the absence of asthma symptoms. In this stage, AHR is often neglected due to the absence of typical asthma symptoms. Exploring the clinically relevant risk factors for AHR in patients with AR, as well as the clinical indicators and biomarkers to predict AHR in patients with AR, is of great significance to the prevention of the occurrence of AHR and asthma. This review summarized the risk factors for the development of AHR in AR patients, and gave hints to the prevention of AHR in AR patients.
Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity ; Asthma ; Risk Factors

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Euonymus alatus for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods TCMSP,PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases were used to obtain the active ingredients in Euonymus alatus and their targets.GEO database and R language were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in DKD.The therapeutic targets of DKD were obtained using GeneCards,DisGeNet,OMIM and TTD databases.The protein-protein interaction network and the"drug-component-target-disease"network were constructed for analyzing the topological properties of the core targets,which were functionally annotated using GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed for the core targets and the main pharmacologically active components,and the results were verified in db/db mice.Results Analysis of GSE96804,GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets(including 60 DKD patients and 45 normal samples)identified 111 differentially expressed genes in DKD.Network pharmacology analysis obtained 161 intersecting genes between the target genes of Euonymus alatus and DKD,including the key core target genes SRC,EGFR,and AKT1.The core active ingredients of Euonymus alatus were quercetin,kaempferol,diosmetin,and naringenin,which were associated with responses to xenobiotic stimulionus and protein phosphorylation and regulated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways.Molecular docking suggested good binding activities of the core active components of Euonymus alatus with the core targets.In db/db mouse models of DKD,treatment with Euonymus alatus obviously ameliorated kidney pathologies,significantly inhibited renal expressions of SRC,EGFR and AKT1,and delayed the progression of DKD.Conclusion Euonymus alatus contains multiple active ingredients such as quercetin,kakaferol,diosmetin,naringenin,which regulate the expressions of SRC,EGFR,and AKT1 to affect the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway to delay the progression of DKD.

Objective To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Euonymus alatus for diabetic kidney disease(DKD).Methods TCMSP,PubChem and Swiss Target Prediction databases were used to obtain the active ingredients in Euonymus alatus and their targets.GEO database and R language were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes in DKD.The therapeutic targets of DKD were obtained using GeneCards,DisGeNet,OMIM and TTD databases.The protein-protein interaction network and the"drug-component-target-disease"network were constructed for analyzing the topological properties of the core targets,which were functionally annotated using GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses.Molecular docking was performed for the core targets and the main pharmacologically active components,and the results were verified in db/db mice.Results Analysis of GSE96804,GSE30528 and GSE30529 datasets(including 60 DKD patients and 45 normal samples)identified 111 differentially expressed genes in DKD.Network pharmacology analysis obtained 161 intersecting genes between the target genes of Euonymus alatus and DKD,including the key core target genes SRC,EGFR,and AKT1.The core active ingredients of Euonymus alatus were quercetin,kaempferol,diosmetin,and naringenin,which were associated with responses to xenobiotic stimulionus and protein phosphorylation and regulated EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance pathways.Molecular docking suggested good binding activities of the core active components of Euonymus alatus with the core targets.In db/db mouse models of DKD,treatment with Euonymus alatus obviously ameliorated kidney pathologies,significantly inhibited renal expressions of SRC,EGFR and AKT1,and delayed the progression of DKD.Conclusion Euonymus alatus contains multiple active ingredients such as quercetin,kakaferol,diosmetin,naringenin,which regulate the expressions of SRC,EGFR,and AKT1 to affect the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance signaling pathway to delay the progression of DKD.