Objective:To prepare immunoliposomes encapsulating alkaline phosphatase and to evaluate the methods.Methods:The liposomes containing alkaline phosphatase were prepared by reverse phase evaporation or film dispersion.Liposomes and rabbit anti-human IgG were conjugated by glutaraldhyde or deriving antibody.Not only did the liposomes encapsulate alkaline phosphatase but also they had immune activity.All methods were analyzed and compared.Results:Many liposomes prepared by reverse phase evaporation had perfect shape and high bioactivity of alkaline phosphatase.The glutaraldhyde method conjugating antibody was convenient,efficient and practical.Conclusion:Immunoliposomes with bioactivity of enzyme and antibody are prepared through reasonable methods.

[Objective] To analyze the image findings of MR enterography (MRE) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in Crohn disease (CD) and to discuss the diagnostic value of MRI for evaluating the activity of CD.[Methods] 26 patients proved by clinical,imaging and pathological data were enrolled in this study.The intra-/extra-intestinal image features of CD were retrospectively analyzed,and the intestinal lesions were evaluated by MRE+DWI scoring system.The differences in image features of active and inactive CD were compared.[Results] 26 bowel segments were evaluated and included active (n =20) and inactive CD (n =6).The intestinal performance of CD included wall thickening,T2WI hyperintensity and hyperenhancement.The pathological changes of active CD were more serious when comparing with that of inactive CD.DWI showed hyperintensity in the affected bowel wall.ADC of active C D [(0.9 ± 0.2) × 10-3 mm2/s] was significantly lower than that of inactive CD [(1.5 ± 0.4)× 10-3 mm2/s] (P ＜ 0.001).Extra-enteric performance of active CD included comb sign,lymphadenectasis of mesentery,mesenteric exudation,fistula and abdominal abscess.[Conclusion] MRE combined with DWI can accurately assess CD activity and diagnose extra-enteric complications.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) and DWI for detecting intestinal wall property of crohn's disease (CD). Methods Forty four patients with CD were prospectively enrolled in the study, and MR enterography (MRE), MTI and DWI were performed. According to MRE findings, patients were divided into three subgroups:acute inflammatory group, chronic fibrotic group and combined inflammatory with fibrotic group. Intestinal wall T2WI signal, magnetization transmisson rate (MTR) and ADC value were measured on MRE, MRI and DWI imagings, respectively. The differences of MTR and ADC among the three groups were analyzed by one-way ANOVA;the differences of T2WI scores were analysed by Kruskal Wallis;the differences of MTR and ADC values between normal and pathological intestinal wall were analyzed by paired t test;ROC curve were used to evaluate the CD fibrosis and inflammation diagnostic efficiency of MTI ana DWI based on MRE signs. Results Among the 44 cases, 11 cases were in the acute inflammatory group, 18 cases were in the chronic fibrotic group and other 15 cases were in the combination group. The T2WI score, MTR and ADC among the three groups showed significant differences (all P<0.01).The mean MTR and ADC of pathological intestinal wall of the 44 cases were (40.77±6.05)%and (1.04±0.18)× 10-3mm2/s, and the adjacent normal bowel were (21.75±4.17)%and (1.97 ± 0.23) × 10- 3mm2/s, respectively. Moreover, the difference of the above values showed significant differences (t=19.12,-21.80 respectively, all P<0.01). There was a negative correlation between MTR and T2WI score (r=-0.71,P<0.01). While ADC value was positively correlated with T2WI score (r=0.80, P<0.01). Using ROC curve analysis to differentiate the CD fibrosis from acute inflammation, the area under the curve (AUC) of MTR and ADC were 0.97 and 0.96 ,respectively. Conclusions Both MTI and DWI can be used to assess the properties of intestinal wall, which has the same diagnostic efficacy to identify the acute inflammation and fibrosis.

In humans and most mammals, the sperm centrosome is primarily responsible for nucleating and organizing the sperm astar, which pushes the sperm head toward the oocyte center and guides the migration of the female pronucleus, completing the fertilization process. There are about 200 kinds of protein in the human sperm centrosome. Currently, most of the researches focus on the centrin protein. Further studies on the functions of different human sperm centrosomal proteins may contribute to the understanding of the causes of the failures in assisted reproductive technology (ART). And in ART, morphological observation of the sperm neck integrity is the only way for primary evaluation of the function of the sperm centrosome.
Calcium-Binding Proteins ; physiology ; Centrosome ; physiology ; Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

Background & Objective: Peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of diabetes and leads to sensory symptoms, including diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). Emodin has potential analgesic effect for the treatment of pain-related diseases. However, the analgesic effect of emodin on DNP and its possible mechanism remains unknown. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of emodin on STZ-induced DNP in rats and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods: To determine the analgesic effect of emodin on DNP, a mouse model of STZ-induced DNP was established. The pain-related behaviors were evaluated by von Frey test, and hot plate test. The mRNA and protein expression of several TRP channels was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot methods, and the level of inflammatory cytokines was determined by ELISA. Results: The mechanical and thermal pain thresholds were significantly decreased in DNP rats. A single injection of emodin treatment significantly reduced DNP. Further results demonstrated that emodin inhibited the up-regulation of Trpv1 mRNA in the DRG of DNP rats. Our data also indicated that emodin significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the DRG of DNP rats. Conclusions: Emodin ameliorates mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in DNP rats by down-regulating the expression of TRPV1 in DRG and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Emodin serves as a potent analgesic reagent for treatment and prevention of DNP.

Lysostaphin, a specific endopeptidase enzyme derived from Staphylococcus aureus, is a bactericidal agent against Staphylococcus and difficult to be drug-resistant. This study established the monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography to obtain lysostaphin of high purity for drug-use standard. The purified Lysostaphin was of > 95% purity and its recovery rate more than 90%. Moreover, the affinity column kept its efficiency of purification invariable after more than 30 times repeat. Also, the dye release assay validated that the purified lysostaphin had significant bactericidal activity. This method was simple and of high efficacy for the lysostaphin purification and showed its potency in commercial production.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; Chromatography, Affinity ; methods ; Lysostaphin ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; isolation & purification ; Staphylococcus aureus ; enzymology

OBJECTIVETo assess whether intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) of testicular sperm improves the clinical outcome in patients with azoospermia.

METHODSWe performed conventional intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for 66 patients diagnosed with azoospermia and IMSI for another 39 using testicular sperm selected at high magnification ( x 6000), and comparatively analyzed the clinical outcomes of the two techniques.

RESULTSThere were no statistically significant differences between conventional ICSI and IMSI in the rates of pregnancy (51.52% vs. 56.41%) and implantation (30.67% vs. 35.29%), although the rate of early abortion was lower in the IMSI than in the ICSI group (4.50% vs. 11.76%).

CONCLUSIONIMSI of testicular sperm may effect a lower rate of early abortion than conventional ICSI in patients with azoospermia.

Adult ; Azoospermia ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Rate ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To study the effect and mechanism of capillary microcirculation disturbance on intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods The loading effect of capillaries was replaced by the introduction of porous media. A microcirculation model from the capillaries to the veins was established. The appropriate mechanical boundary conditions were set up for the model by referring to various physiological conditions of human body, and the changes in blood pressure and stress of vascular wall under various conditions were simulated. Results Under normal circumstances, the whole blood pressure of the LSA was relatively low, and the pressure difference between the beginning and the end of the LSA was more obvious, and the stress of all parts of the vascular wall was at the same level. In the case of microcirculation disorder, the whole blood pressure of the LSA increased and the pressure difference between the beginning and the end of the LSA significantly decreased. The stress for each part of the vessel increased and the stress at the end of the LSA increased most significantly. Conclusions The influence of microcirculation disturbance on hemodynamics of the LSA was particularly significant. It was an important factor leading to hemorrhage of the LSA rupture. The research findings are of important theoretical and practical significance for understanding the mechanism of cerebral vascular rupture and preventing the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage in the case of microcirculation disturbance.

BACKGROUNDThrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has gained international recognition, clinical outcomes following this thrombolytic therapy varied from patient to patient. Factors affecting clinical outcomes have not been well understood yet, so this retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate factors that may influence clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous rt-PA.

METHODSOne hundred and one patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis within 4.5 hours from disease onset were included. Patients were divided into good or poor outcome group according to modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, good outcome group: mRS score of 0-1; poor outcome group: mRS of 2-6. Stroke characteristics were compared between the two groups. Factors for stroke outcomes were analyzed via univariate analysis and Logistic regression.

RESULTSOf the 101 patients studied, patients in good outcome group (n = 55) were significantly younger than patients in poor outcome group (n = 46, (62.82 ± 14.25) vs. (68.81 ± 9.85) years, P = 0.029). Good outcome group had fewer patients with diabetic history (9.09% vs. 28.26%, P = 0.012), fewer patients with leukoaraiosis (7.27% vs. 28.26%, P = 0.005) and presented with lower blood glucose level ((5.72 ± 1.76) vs. (6.72 ± 1.32) mmol/L, P = 0.012), lower systolic blood pressure level ((135.45 ± 19.36) vs. (148.78 ± 19.39) mmHg, P = 0.003), lower baseline NIHSS score (12.02 ± 5.26 vs. 15.78 ± 4.98, P = 0.002) and shorter onset-to-treatment time (OTT) ((2.38 ± 1.21) vs. (2.57 ± 1.03) hours, P = 0.044) than poor outcome group. Logistic regression analysis showed that absence of diabetic history (odds ratio (OR) 0.968 (95% CI 0.941-0.996)), absence of leukoaraiosis (OR 0.835 (95% CI 0.712-0.980)), lower baseline NIHSS score (OR 0.885 (95% CI 0.793-0.989)), lower pre-thrombolysis systolic blood pressure (OR 0.962 (95% CI 0.929-0.997)), and lower blood glucose level (OR 0.699 (95% CI 0.491-0.994)) before thrombolysis were significantly associated with better outcome.

CONCLUSIONPatients with no history of diabetes, no leukoaraiosis, low blood glucose level, low systolic blood pressure level and low baseline NIHSS score before thrombolysis have a better outcome.

Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke ; drug therapy ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the genotypes and distribution of thalassemia in children in Quanzhou Region so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of thalassemia. METHODS: A total of 1 302 children with suspected thalassemia were collected from January 2014 to April 2020 in Quanzhou Region. The deletional α-thalassemia was detected by Gap-PCR, and DNA reverse dot blot (RDB) hybridization was used to detect α- and β-thalassemia mutations. RESULTS: In the 1 302 cases, 667 cases were identified as thalassemia carriers, and the positive detection rate was about 51.23%. Among them, 380 cases of α-thalassemia gene were detected, and -- CONCLUSION There are various genotypes of thalassemia in children in Quanzhou Region, and many children with thalassemia major or intermedia. Therefore, further prevention and control of thalassemia need to be strengthened for reducing the birth of thalassemia major or intermedia.
Child ; China ; Genetic Testing ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Mutation ; alpha-Thalassemia/genetics* ; beta-Thalassemia/genetics*