Objective To investigate the risk factors of hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) .Methods 181 cases of patients after TIPS diagnosed in this department from January 2009 to December 2013 were reviewed .The patients were divided into two groups:42 cases with hepatic encephalopathy (HE group)and 139 cases without he-patic encephalopathy(control group) .To evaluate the possible risk factors such as age ,sex ,pathogeny of cirrhosis ,complications [(Child-Pugh score ,portal pressure gradient (PPG ) ,Child-Pugh grading ,fibrinogen ,hemoglobin ,serum natrium ] were recorded and analyzed .Unconditional logistic regression model(W ald test)was used to screen the independent risk factors .Receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted and the area under it was calculated to evaluate the diagnose performance .Results There was no significant statistical difference between HE group and control group about age ,sex and pathogeny of cirrhosis(P>0 .05) .Analysis of unconditional logistic regression model indicated that Child-Pugh score ,PPG ,Child-Pugh grading ,were single risk factors of HE after operation(OR=1 .29 ,1 .06 ,1 .22) ,while fibrinogen ,hemoglobin and serum natrium were protective factors .ROC curve was plotted and the AUC was calculated to evaluate the diagnose performance ,which indicated the sequence was that ,Child-Pugh score> PPG>Child-Pugh grading>hemoglobin>fibrinogen>serum natrium .Conclusion Child-Pugh score ,PPG ,Child-Pugh grading , fibrinogen ,hemoglobin and serum natrium were single hazard factors of HE after operation .

BACKGROUND: One of important mechanisms underlying myocardial fibrosis is that transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1) stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts via Smads signaling pathway.Previous studies have confirmed that tanshinone ⅡA can effectively inhibit myocardial fibrosis.But whether blockage of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway is involved in this process remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of tanshinone ⅡA on TGF-β1 signal transduction in rat cardiac fibroblasts. METHODS: Neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were harvested by trypsin digestion and differential attachment and treated with 5 μg/L TGF-βI and different concentrations of tanshinone Ⅱ A(106,10-5 and 10-4 mol/L).At 6,12,and 24 hours after TGF-β1 application,fibronectin expression was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis.At 15,30,60,and 120 minutes after TGF-β1 application,Smads protein expression was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fibronectin mRNA and protein expression began to increase at 6 hours after TGF-β1 application and was 1.3 and 1.8 times higher than initial level,respectively(P < 0.01),at 24 hours after TGF-β1 application.Phosphorylated Smad2/3 protein expression began to increase at 15 minutes after TGF-β1 application,peaked at 1 hour,decreased at 2 hours,but it was still 3.9 times higher than initial level(P < 0.01).Tanshinone ⅡA(10-5 and 10-4 mol/L)pretreatment downregulated fibronectin and phosphorylated Smad2/3 expression(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01)in a dose-dependent manner.These findings demonstrate that TGF-β1 induced fibronectin protein and mRNA expression and Smad2/3 protein expression in a time-dependent manner.Tanshinone ⅡA against myocardial fibrosis was likely related to its inhibition of TGF-β1-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and blockage of TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathways within cardiac fibroblasts.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of Euphorbia hirta L.by Central composite design/response surface methodology with ethanol by the ultrasonic extraction technology.Methods Based on the single factor experiment and central composite design-response surface methodology,the content of quercitroside was regarded as evaluation index,select ethanol concentration,extraction time,and solid-liquid ratio as three evaluation factors to achieve the purpose. Results The results indicated that the optimal extraction process was obtained as follows:10 times the amount of 60% ethanol under ultrasound for 2 times,50 min each;the average content of the quercitroside was 2.39 mg/g.Conclusion The method to optimize the extraction process is simple and reasonable.

Objective To compare clinical effect of MTA and Vitapex for young permanent teeth with periapical incomplete apical closuret . Method Teeth 90 were chosen from 80 patients at 7-25 years old young permanent teeth with periapical and randomly divided into MTA group and Vitapex group 45 in each group.Two groups were treated with MTA and Vitapex paste treatment respectively.6-month and 12-month after treatment followed up, observed clinical efficacy of two groups.Results The six-month recall, X-ray ( MTA group 93.33%, Vitapex group 88.89%) and clinical parameters (MTA group 95.56%, Vitapex group 86.67%) success rate of two group was no significant difference.When the 12-month followed up, X-ray examination of MTA group's success rate was 93.33%, significantly higher than 68.89%Vitapex group (P<0.05), clinical indicators of success rate of 95.56%MTA group,significantly higher than the 71.11%Vitapex group (P<0.05).Pain during root canal therapy (EIP) of the occurrence, MTA group than Vitapex group (P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of short-term treatment of MTA in treatment of young permanent teeth with periapical incomplete apical closure is definite,it is an ideal induce apical molding material.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Tinnitus ; complications ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective:To observe the lens zonule infrastructure changes in experimental myopia. Methods; The eye lids were sutured to induce the myopia in guinea pigs and the zonule ultrastructure changes were observed. Results: There were significant differences in the eye axial length and diopter between lid-sutured eyes and controls(P

Objective To investigate the value of roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis (RSA) in assessing early migration of femoral implant after total hip arthroplasty (THA) with modular prostheses.Methods From May 2009 to April 2010,37 patients underwent THA with modular prostheses inour hospital,including 25 males and 12 females,aged from 58 to 72 years (average,60.23±5.64 years).There were 32 cases of degenerative osteoarthritis,3 cases of femoral neck fracture and 2 cases of developmental dysplasia of the hip.The Harris hip score and RSA were used to assess the clinical results and the migration of femoral implant at 3,6,12,24 months postoperatively,respectively.Results The average Harris hip score improved from preoperative 26.36 ±10.56 to 78.24±12.72,84.51±16.05,86.72±9.34,and 87.55±8.97 at 3,6,12,and 24 months after operation,respectively,and the differences between pre-and post-operative Harris score were significant.There was no prosthetic revision,and slight thigh pain occurred in 3 patients.According to RSA,the degree of initial migration of femoral implant had large individual differences,and the initial migration was higher from 3 to 6 months after operation.Clinical and biological stabilization was achieved in 36 patients,while progressive migration was found in 1 patient.There was a positive correlation between the distal migration and posterior migration within 24 months after operation (r=0.3,P=0.01).The distal migration and posterior migration/rotation mainly occurred within 3 months after operation.There was no correlation between prosthetic size/offset and degree of migration of implant.Conclusion RSA provides an objective reference for assessing the migration of femoral implant after THA with modular prostheses,which is a reliable method to evaluate early implant stability.

Objective:To develop an HPLC-DAD-ELSD method for the determination of nitidine chloride, 5-ethoxychelerythrine, bergeninum and ardisiacrispin A in Shangtong tinctures ( STD) . Methods: A Hypersil C18 column was used as the chromatographic column, the flow rate was 0. 8 ml·min-1 . For nitidine chloride and 5-ethoxychelerythrine, the mobile phase A consisted of acetoni-trile,the mobile phase B consisted of 0. 1% formic acid-triethylamine (pH 4. 5),and the DAD detection wavelength was at 273 nm. For bergeninum and ardisiacrispin A, the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water(25∶75), the temperature of drift tube was set at 95℃, and the gas flow (N2) was set at 2. 5 SLPM·min-1. Results:There was a good linear relationship between the concentration and peak area for nitidine chloride and 5-ethoxychelerythrine within the range of 0. 021-0. 426 μg (r=0. 999 5) and 0. 075-1. 494 μg (r=0. 999 8), respectively. The average recovery was 99. 22%(RSD=0. 64%) and 98. 61%(RSD=0. 46%), respectively. There was a good linear relationship between the concentration and peak area for bergeninum and ardisiacrispin A within the range of 0. 215-4. 304 μg(r=0. 999 3) and 0. 286-5. 728 μg(r=0. 999 7), respectively. The average recovery was 99. 15%(RSD=0. 77%) and 99. 25%(RSD=0. 56%) accordingly. Conclusion:The method is accurate, sensitive and reproducible, and can be used in the de-termination of nitidine chloride, 5-ethoxychelerythrine, bergeninum and ardisiacrispin A in STD.

Objective　To evaluate the effect of modified suction ring in laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK) for special eyeballs.Methods　Those eyeballs that couldn't be sucked successfully with regular suction ring were performed with modified suction ring, and the characteristic of those eyes was analyzed.Results　Fifteen eyes of 9 cases were included in this study and were sucked successfully with modified suction ring with intact corneal flap.Eight eyes of 5 cases had small corneal power especially in the peripheral section. The corneal power in the peripheral section of 7 eyes was less than 41D. Corneal diameter of 1 eye was 9.5mm and 6 eyes of 3 cases had small palpebral fissure.Conclusions　The modified suction ring is safe and effective for those eyes with flat cornea, small corneal diameter and small palpebral fissure.

A method was developed for simultaneous determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and isoquinoline alkaloids in honey by dispersive solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( QuEChERS-HPLC-MS/MS) . The honey samples were extracted with acetonitrile solution and cleaned up with PSA absorbent. Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C18 chromatographic column was used to separate alkaloids with high sensitivity and satisfactory resolution. The identification and quantification were achieved by using electrospray ionization in positive ion mode ( ESI+) with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Matrix-matched calibration curves with good correlation coefficients (R2>0. 99) were obtained in the concentration range of 0. 1-100 μg/L. The recoveries of the spiked samples at 1-100 μg/kg were in the range of 70% to 110% with the RSD of intra-day and inter-day lower than 15% and 20%, respectively. The limits of detection ( LOD) and limits of quantification ( LOQ) for all alkaloids were 0. 3 and 1. 0 μg/kg, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and isoquinoline alkaloids for quantification and confirmation in honey samples.