Objective: To study the effects of TNFα on wound healing. Methods: The skin lesion and incisions were made on mice and rhTNFα was applied in both skin lesion and incision. Tissue strips were evaluated for tensiometry and histologic features after healing. Results: It was found that rhTNFα markedly improved wound healing both in skin lesion and incision wound model, it also markedly enhanced the breaking strength of treated incision and increased wound cellularity in rh TNF α treated groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that TNFα play an important role in regulating inflammatory reactions of local injured tissues and it may improve the functions of fibroblasts, mononuclear phagocytes and endothelial cells. rhTNFα of suitable doses can promote wound healing. This shows that TNFα, as a wound healing promoter, has the potentials for clinical application.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of patients with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) and literature review in patients with clinical features ,and provide clinical reference for carrying out the TIPS .Methods Totally 31 patients in our hospital from January 2009 to May 2014 who received TIPS treatment and strict follow‐up were retro‐spectively analyzed ,the preoperative basic situation ,laboratory index ,the incidence of postoperative bleeding again ,surgical compli‐cations ,the use of anticoagulant drugs and thrombosis ,dissolved ,etc .were statistical analyzed .Results In all patients with TIPS in the diagnosis of cirrhosis and portal hypertension ,hepatitis B ,hepatitis C cirrhosis and portal hypertension ,alcoholic liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension ,unknown cause of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension ,Budd Chiari syndrome ,hepatitis B and hepatitis C cirrhosis and portal hypertension ,primary biliary cirrhosis and portal hypertension in proportion of 45 .16% ,16 .13% ,12 .90% , 12 .90% ,6 .45% ,3 .22% ,3 .22% respectively ;the incidence of postoperative bleeding again within six months was 9 .68% ;the Child‐Puhg score of preoperative and postoperative 1 week and 3 months ,6 months was (8 .35 ± 2 .52) ,(8 .32 ± 1 .76) ,(9 .29 ± 2 .55) ,(8 .10 ± 1 .85) respectively .Statistical results showed in postoperative 1 week and 3 months ,6 months ,there was no statisti‐cally significant difference compared with preoperative respectively (P>0 .05) ,postoperative 3 months liver function score of Child‐Puhg was higher than that of postoperative 1 week and 6 months (P<0 .05) operation;the rate of abdominal hemorrhage ,hepatic encephalopathy ,stent stenosis were 3 .22% ,22 .58% ,12 .90% ;the proportion of no postoperative taking anticoagulants ,taking as‐pirin ,clopidogrel ,and warfarin were 9 .68% ,38 .71% ,41 .94% ,9 .68% ,respectively ;the formation of portal vein thrombosis (inclu‐ding thrombosis increased) rate was 12 .90% ,thrombus dissolution rate was 100% .Conclusion In China ,liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension is the main source of TIPS and hepatitis B is a major cause of liver cirrhosis ;TIPS have no effect on liver function in Child‐Puhg score;hepatic encephalopathy ,stent restenosis is still the main postoperative complications of TIPS ;rules taking antico‐agulant drugs can dissolve thrombus of the portal vein and prevent thrombosis .

Objective: To investigate the effect of N methyl D aspartate(NMDA) on cochlear potentials and to find out the possible neurotoxic effect of NMDA on cochlea function in guinea pigs. Methods: After basal compound action potentials (CAP) and cochlear microphonics (CM) were recorded by round window electrode, animals ( n =5) were treated with Hanks applied to the round window membrane (RWM) for 20 min as control. Then 100 ?mol/L NMDA was applied to the RWM for another 20 min. Results: Hanks produced no obvious changes in CAP threshold, CAP N1 and CM latency and amplitude. CAP thresholds at all frequencies of tone burst were significantly elevated by application of NMDA, threshold shifts ranged from 13 27 dB. NMDA significantly reduced the CAP N1 amplitudes at all intensities of stimulations. CAP amplitudes were suppressed by 50% 75%. NMDA also significantly increased the CAP latency, the latency of CAP evoked by 6 kHz tone burst at intensity of -90 dB(output attenuation) was (1.9?0.06) ms after Hanks treatment and (2.76?0.21) ms after NMDA treatment ( P

Objective: To explore the moderating role of estradiol in the relationship between parenting styles and preschool children's behavioral problems, so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the development of human s emotional health development in early life stage. Methods: During September to November in 2022, 354 children aged 3-6 years and their parents from two kindergartens in Bengbu City were chosen by using stratified cluster sampling method for the questionnaire survey. The Parenting Style Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were used to collect information on parenting style and child behavioral problems. Salivary estradiol of children was collected and tested. Independent samples t test was applied to compare the scores of the scale for parental up bringing and children s behavioral problems, and Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship among parental upbringing, estradiol and children s behavioral problems. Results: Parents doting, laissez faire, autocratic, and inconsistent parenting styles were positive associated with child behavior problems( r =0.14-0.70); fathers democratic parenting style was negatively associated with child behavior problems( r =-0.14，-0.22，-0.21，-0.17，-0.27，-0.20); mothers democratic parenting styles was negatively correlated with scores on all five dimensions of child behavior problems except the withdrawal dimension ( r =-0.14，-0.12，-0.13，-0.21，-0.12)( P <0.05). Estradiol levels had significant moderating effects on maternal doting parenting style and children s withdrawal ( β =0.68) as well as social problems ( β =-1.00), also moderating laissez faire parenting styles and children s withdrawal problems ( β =0.75)( P <0.05). For children with low levels of estradiol, withdrawal problem scores were negatively associated with mother s doting parenting style and positively associated with laissez faire parenting style, and socialization problem scores were associated with mother s doting parenting style; for children with high levels of estradiol, withdrawal problem scores were positively associated with mother s doting parenting style, and socialization problem scores were associated with mother s doting parenting style ( t=2.84, 6.24, 3.16 , 2.37, 4.49, P <0.05). Conclusions Parenting styles are strongly associated with child behavioral problems; estradiol levels play a moderating role in mothers doting, laissez faire parenting styles and children s withdrawal problems and social problems.Parents should adopt more positive parenting styles and focus on the role of estradiol levels in maternal education to reduce the occurrence of behavioral problems in children.

Objective　To understand the impact of early and timely treatment and initial antiviral treatment regimen on mortality and attrition of antiretroviral therapy. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using download data on antiretroviral therapy for HIV-infected patients in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province, from the database of the Basic Information System for AIDS Control and Prevention (BISAC) from 2010 to 2020. The Cox proportional risk regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of mortality and attrition. Results A total of 15 713 infected patients were included, including 53.4% aged 18-<50 years, 69.4% male, 61.0% farmer, 75.1% CD4 count <350 cells /μL before initial antiviral treatment, the overall mortality rate was 4.30/100 person-years, and the overall attrition was 2.42/100 person-years. The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of mortality were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-<500 cells/μL(AHR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.63-0.81) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR= 0.64, 95%CI: 0.55-0.76); duration from diagnosis to initial antiviral treatment 91-180 days (AHR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.08-1.45), 181-365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.08-1.47), and ≥365 days (AHR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.11-1.44); initial antiviral treatment regimens of D4T+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.47, 95%CI: 1.32-1.63) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.73, 95%CI: 1.50-1.99). Factors affecting attrition were pretreatment CD4 counts of 350-499 cells/μL (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.16-1.50) and ≥500 cells/μL (AHR=1.28, 95%CI: 1.10-1.50); interval from HIV positivity confirmation to initial dosing ≥365 days (AHR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.40), initial antiviral treatment regimens of TDF+3TC+NVP (AHR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.13-1.55), AZT+3TC+EFV/NVP (AHR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.26-1.62) and AZT/D4T/TDF+3TC+LPV/r (AHR=1.33, 95CI%: 1.06-1.67). Conclusions　Early and timely treatment and the initial antiviral treatment regimen of TDF+3TC+EFV have good efficacy, but attention should be paid to the high risk of attrition of HIV-infected people with high CD4 count before treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BIP) and Na v1.8 in peripheral nerve in a rat model of neuropathic pain. Methods:Forty-four SPF healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 210-260 g, were used in this study.Neuropathic pain was induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) in anesthetized rats.The experiment was performed in two parts.Experiment Ⅰ Twenty rats were divided into 2 groups ( n=10 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham) and group CCI.Experiment Ⅱ Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups ( n=8 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (group Sham), CCI plus normal saline group (group CCI+ NS) and CCI plus BIP inhibitor HA15 group (group CCI+ H). Starting from 4th day after surgery, 0.9% normal saline 1 ml was intraperitoneally injected in group CCI+ NS, and HA15 0.7 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected in group H, once a day for 3 consecutive days.The mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 1 day before surgery and 3, 5 and 7 days after surgery (T 0-T 4), and the expression of BIP and Na v1.8 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerve was detected by Western blot on 7th day after completion of behavioral testing in two groups.The expression and colocalization of BIP and Na v1.8 in DRG and sciatic nerve were determined by immunofluorescence on 7th day after completion of behavioral testing in group Ⅰ, and the interaction between BIP and Na v1.8 was evaluated by co-immuno-precipitation. Results:Experiment Ⅰ Compared with group Sham, the MWT was significantly decreased, and TWL was shortened at T 1-T 4, the expression of Na v1.8 in DRG was down-regulated, the expression of BIP was up-regulated, and the expression of Na v1.8 and BIP in sciatic nerve was up-regulated in group CCI ( P<0.05), and BIP and Na v1.8 on the sciatic nerve were co-localized, BIP could co-precipitate Na v1.8 from DRG, and Na v1.8 could also coprecipitate BIP in group CCI.Experiment Ⅱ Compared with group Sham, the MWT was significantly decreased, and TWL was shortened at T 1-T 4, the expression of Na v1.8 in DRG was down-regulated, the expression of BIP was up-regulated, and the expression of Na v1.8 and BIP in sciatic nerve was up-regulated in group CCI+ NS ( P<0.05). Compared with group CCI+ NS, the MWT was significantly increased, and TWL was prolonged at T 3, 4, and the expression of Na v1.8 in DRG was down-regulated in group CCI+ H ( P<0.05). Conclusion:BIP can mediate the redistribution of Na v1.8 in peripheral nerve and is involved in the pathophysiological mechanism of neuropathic pain in rats.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) with a purpose to accurately provide scientific basis for prevention and control measures, 2010-2017. Methods: Data were retrieved from case reporting cards of Guangxi during 2010 to 2017 through National HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Data was analyzed using epidemiological methods such number of cases, proportion and rate. χ² test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The HIV positive rate was 12.53 per ten thousand (85 182/67 959 000) in Guangxi during 2010 to 2017. The number of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS cases and the number of death yearly respectively increased by 22.34%(2 602/11 648) and 32.83% (952/2 900) in 2011 compared with 2010, and both showed a six-year continuous downward trend (the number of newly diagnosed cases respectively 12 229 cases, 10 877 cases, 9 460 cases, 9 190 cases, 8 848 cases, 8 680 cases, and the number of death respectively 3 888 cases, 3 316 cases, 2 914 cases, 2 717 cases, 2 595 cases, 2 600 cases) from 2012 to 2017. But proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% (50.53%-57.06%) for eight-years continuously. The ratio of male and female was 2.47 ∶ 1 (60 639/24 543). The ratio of males and females aged 50 and over was 2.71∶1 (28 654/10 557). Proportion of the cases in 25-49 years old group and 50 years old group accounting for 47.40%(40 377/85 182) and 46.03% (39 211/85 182) respectively. The occupation was farmers accounting for 68.40% (58 262/85 182), housekeeping, housework and unemployment accounting for 11.21% (9 546/85 182), student accounting for 0.86% (729/85 182). Heterosexual transmission accounted for 90.60% (77 171/85 182, homosexual transmission accounted for 3.13% (2 669/85 182), injection drug use transmission accounted for 4.60%(3 924/85 182) and mother-to-child transmission accounted for 0.73% (619/85 182). Conclusions The number of newly diagnosed cases and the number of death yearly showed a continuous downtrend for six-years from 2012 to 2017. However, proportion of late discovery remained above 50.00% for eight-years. The major route of infection was heterosexual transmission. With the change of HIV/AIDS newly epidemic mode in Guangxi, there are many new challenges for HIV/AIDS prevention and control work. Strategy of targeted intervention modes should be innovated for a new breakthrough.

Objective:To explore influence on physical development of children aged 18 months from HIV-positive mothers for prevention mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and provide evidence for the improvement PMTCT program.Methods:This retrospective case control study was conducted in 554 HIV negative infants aged 18 months whose HIV positive mothers had received PMTCT services reported through PMTCT system database from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2017 and 1 109 healthy infants born in 2017, whose mothers were healthy, in Lingshan, Luzhai, and Hengxian counties, ranking top three counties with high HIV infection prevalence, in Guangxi. PMTCT data and physical development data such as height, weight and head circumference of children aged 18 months were collected. The physical dysplasia in the infants was defined as at least one of the three main indicators of height, weight and head circumference below the normal range.Results:The number of HIV-positive mother and their infants in the case group were 667 and 554 respectively, and the PMTCT rates were 91.15 % (608/667) and 96.57 % (535/554) respectively. HIV positive rate, mortality rate and mother to child transmission rate of the infants aged 18 months were 1.44 % (8/554), 3.07 % (17/554) and 1.91 % (8/418) respectively, and the physical examination results of the infants aged 18 months showed that the physical dysplasia rate was 30.51 % (169/554). Among the 1 109 infants in the control group, the physical dysplasia rate was 9.83 % (109/1 109). The difference between the case group and the control group was significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The PMTCT rates of HIV positive mother and their children were more than 90.00 %, respectively. However, poor physical development rate of infants aged 18 months were more than 30.00 %. The possible influence of PMTCT on physical development of the infants aged 18 months of HIV positive mother’s needs to be further studied.

Objective: To analysis the risk factors of postoperative bleeding of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for early gastrointestinal cancer. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the data of 430 patients (449 lesions) with early gastrointestinal cancer undergoing ESD in Fujian Provincial Hospital Digestive Endoscopic Center from June 2008 to February 2015 and in Fujian Provincial Hospital South Branch Digestive Endoscopic Center from May 2015 to April 2018. Patients with postoperative bleeding were compared with those without postoperative bleeding on the basis of general conditions, endoscopic performance, postoperative pathology and so on to analysis the risk factors for postoperative bleeding of ESD. Results: Among the 430 cases (449 lesions)of early gastrointestinal cancer undergoing ESD, 16 cases (3.7%) had postoperative bleeding. According to whether the occurrence of postoperative hemorrhage, patients were divided into bleeding group (n=16) and not bleeding group (n=433). Univariate analysis suggested that whether had hypertension was statistically significant between the two groups (χ²=4.793, P=0.029), while patients age (t=0.465, P=0.642), gender (χ²=0.035, P=0.642), whether to have diabetes (χ²=0.647, P=0.421), whether to have coronary heart disease (P=1.000), lesion size (t=1.598, P=0.111), whether two or more lesions (P=1.000), lesion site (χ²=6.183, P=0.289), operation time (t=1.335, P=0.201), pathological grading (χ²=0.687, P=0.709), and lesion infiltration depth (χ²=0.134, P=0.714) were not statistically significant between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR=3.358, 95%CI: 1.227-9.186, P=0.018) was an independent risk factor of bleeding after ESD for early gastrointestinal cancer. Conclusion Hypertension is closely related to postoperative bleeding following ESD for early gastrointestinal cancer.Patients with hypertension are at a greater risk of bleeding after ESD.

Dual-layer spectral detector CT is a new spectrum CT imaging technology based on detector being able to obtain both images similar to true plain and spectral images in one time scanning.The reconstructed multi-parameter spectral images can not only improve image quality,enhance tissue contrast,increase the visualization and detection ability of occult lesions,but also provide qualitative and quantitative analysis of the lesions,so as to provide more imaging information and multi-dimensional diagnostic basis.The research progresses of dual-layer spectral detector CT for preoperative evaluation on colorectal cancer were reviewed in this article.