The present in vitro study on rat liver microsomal lipid per-oxidation showed that Gypenosides ( GP ) , the total saponin of Gy-nostemma pentaphyllum Makino, produced a marked inhibitory effect on the lipid peroxidation either spontaneously or induced by Fe2+-cystein, Vit C-NADPH and CCl4. The inhibitory effect was found to be stronger than that of Ginsenosides. GP also resisted the decrease of fluidity of liver microsomal and mitochondrial membrane induced by Fe2+-cystein.

BACKGROUND:Cadherin-11 which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to promote cell adhesion ability;while,core binding factor α1 (cbfα1) which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to realize ossification of multipotential stem cells and play a signalization role in cascade effect.OBJECTIVE:To construct cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene adenovirus expression vectors so as to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and observe the expressions of the two genes.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Cell-genetics experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital in August 2008.MATERIALS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from a male patient with thoracic vertebral fracture re from Zhujiang Hospital.The patient provided the informed consent.Full length cadherin-11 cDNA plasmid was provided by Professor Takeichi,Riken Molecular Organism Center,Japan;full length cbfα1 gene plasmid was provided by Professor Ducy,Baylor Medical College,USA;pAdeasy adenovirus system was provided by Professor Bert,McKuslck-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine,USA.METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were separated using Percoll density gradient centrifugation combined with adherence method.Cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were obtained by PCR,and then they were inserted into shuttle vector of adenovirus;thereafter,the recombinant adenovirus plasmids were gained by homologous recombination.Finally,the two plasmids were re-packed to obtain recombinant adenovirus venom,and cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by adenovirus.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The expressions of cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were detected by Western biotting.RESULTS:The adenovirus venom carrying the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene was successfully obtained.Western blotting showed that the expressions of the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were remarkably increased by infection viral.CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may express high level of cedherin-11 and cbfα1 by gene modification of adenovirus.

Objective To study the effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on brain tissue tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-o),interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-10 levels in serum and brain tissues after blast brain injury in rabbits.Methods Twenty New Zealand white male rabbits were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=6),traumatic brain injury (TBI) group (n=10),TBI+VNS group (n=8).Rabbit brain blast injury models of TBI group and TBI+VNS group were established; and the right cervical vagus nerves of the rabbits in TBI+VNS group were stimulated (10 V,5 HZ,5 ms,20 min).The TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-10 changes in the serum (6 h after injury) and brain tissues (24 h after injury) and the water content in the injured brain tissues were observed and recorded.Results The TNF-α and IL-1β levels in the serum and brain tissues,the water content in the brain tissues of the TBI group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group and TBI+VNS group (P＜0.05); the IL-10 level in the TBI+VNS group was significantly higher than that in the sham-operated group and TBI group (P＜0.05).Conclusion VNS can reduce the brain edema degree by increasing the IL-10 level and decreasing the TNF-α and IL-1 β levels,which plays a key role in brain protection effect after brain blast injury in rabbits.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of different drying conditions on the appearance and intrinsic quality indicators of Pinelliae Rhizoma for screening suitable drying conditions， so as to provide reference for its standardized production and quality evaluation. MethodsDifferent dried samples of Pinelliae Rhizoma were prepared by lime-assisted sweating method and intermittent drying method. Visual analysis was employed to measure the color brightness values（L^*） of the surface， cross-section and powder of the samples， texture analyzer was used to determine the hardness of the samples under different drying conditions. The total starch content was calculated by measuring the contents of amylose and amylopectin in the samples with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. High performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） was used to determine the contents of seven nucleoside components（uracil， hypoxanthine， uridine， inosine， guanosine， β-thymidine and adenosine） in the samples. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to explore the correlation between the external characteristics and intrinsic indicators of the different dried samples. Principal component analysis（PCA） was used to comprehensively rank the data of various indicators， and partial least squares-discriminant analysis（PLS-DA） was used to screen differential components with variable importance in the projection（VIP） value>1. Furthermore， the difference between the optimal drying condition for Pinelliae Rhizoma and the traditional sun-drying method was explored by independent samples t-test. ResultsWith the increase of temperature， the color of the intermittently dried samples gradually deepened， while their hardness gradually decreased. Concurrently， the contents of extract， total starch， uridine and adenosine exhibited an upward trend， whereas the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine displayed a downward trajectory. Compared with the intermittent drying group， the content of extract in the samples subjected to lime-assisted sweating increased. With the increase of lime dose， the hardness and the total content of nucleoside components in the samples showed a downward trend， while the total starch content showed an upward trend. Correlation analysis showed that the comprehensive score of L^* was negatively correlated with the contents of uracil， hypoxanthine and inosine， and positively correlated with the contents of uridine， guanosine and adenosine. Hardness was negatively correlated with adenosine content， and positively correlated with the contents of inosine， uracil and hypoxanthine. Through comprehensive consideration and comprehensive score of principal components， the method of 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days emerged as the top-ranking approach. Except for the extract， the results of independent samples t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the 5% lime-mixed sweating for 6 days and the traditional sun-drying in terms of other content indicators. ConclusionThe whiteness and firmness of Pinelliae Rhizoma exhibit significant correlations with its chemical composition， while uridine， uracil， guanosine， adenosine and inosine are the key constituents responsible for the quality difference of Pinelliae Rhizoma under different drying conditions. The lime-assisted sweating method optimized in this study can be proposed as a viable alternative to the traditional sun-drying method. This method not only ensures the quality of the medicinal material but also effectively reduces the drying time and prevents mold contamination， which provides a valuable reference for the standardization of drying conditions and the establishment of quality evaluation criteria for Pinelliae Rhizoma.