Objiective To provide the applied anatomy for the eyebrow lifting plasty. Methods The clinical surgical anatomy of the eyebrow region were studied bilaterally in 15 embalmed cadaveric heads and 9 fresh adult cadaveric heads. The cross sections of 2 embalmed cadaveric heads were observed. Results ⑴ A lot of fibrous tissue origined from the dermis of eyebrow attached to the SMAS. The eyebrow was moved by those fibrous tissue when the frontalis contracted. ⑵ The eyebrow was moved on the loosen layer under the SMAS. Conclusions ⑴ The loosen layer under the SMAS is the anatomic basis of eyebrow movement. ⑵ The basic methods of eyebrow lifting are the skin excision or suspension and restoration of the eyebrow.

Objective To investigate the distribution range and depth of the apocrine sweat glands of the axillary fossa,in order to supply with anatomic and histopathologic basis in the treatment on axillarv osmidrosis.Methods From December 2008 to ()ctober 2010,2 biopsy samples(with axillary osmidrosis),8 biopsy samples(normal,without axillary osmidrosis),were employed into the axillarv anatomy study. 25 patients with severe axillary osmidrosis were observed both maerographicallv and microscopically by using of operation and histopathological methods.Results Secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands was seen clearly,it was pitchy millet-like granules on axillary osmidrosis corpse,and pink millet-like granules in vivo.Secretory portions distributed most within the armpit hair area,exceeded the edge of armpit hair line,but not surpassed the edge of armpit hair line 1.0 cm.The depth of the apocrine sweat glands located vertically at superficial fat tissues between the dermal reticular 1aver and superficial fascia layers which were dissected away easily.Trimming with scissors under dermaIlayer,the secretory portion of apocrine sweat glands was removed cleanly without harms to reticular laver of dermas.Secretory portions became ducts under reticular layer of dermas.White Drominence-like granules were proved to be the compomers of hair follicle and sebaceous glands through Dathological section.Conclusions In order to treat axillary osmidrosis effectively,the secretary portion should be removed away through cutting off the tissues between the dermal reticular layer and suDerficial fastia layers;the ducts of apocrine sweat glands should be handled with removing hair follicle under the reticular layer of dermas．0peration area should not exceed 1.0 cm off the edge.

BACKGROUND:Cadherin-11 which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to promote cell adhesion ability;while,core binding factor α1 (cbfα1) which was used to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells aimed to realize ossification of multipotential stem cells and play a signalization role in cascade effect.OBJECTIVE:To construct cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene adenovirus expression vectors so as to modify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,and observe the expressions of the two genes.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Cell-genetics experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital in August 2008.MATERIALS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from a male patient with thoracic vertebral fracture re from Zhujiang Hospital.The patient provided the informed consent.Full length cadherin-11 cDNA plasmid was provided by Professor Takeichi,Riken Molecular Organism Center,Japan;full length cbfα1 gene plasmid was provided by Professor Ducy,Baylor Medical College,USA;pAdeasy adenovirus system was provided by Professor Bert,McKuslck-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine,USA.METHODS:Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were separated using Percoll density gradient centrifugation combined with adherence method.Cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were obtained by PCR,and then they were inserted into shuttle vector of adenovirus;thereafter,the recombinant adenovirus plasmids were gained by homologous recombination.Finally,the two plasmids were re-packed to obtain recombinant adenovirus venom,and cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were transfected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by adenovirus.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The expressions of cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes were detected by Western biotting.RESULTS:The adenovirus venom carrying the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 gene was successfully obtained.Western blotting showed that the expressions of the cadherin-11 and cbfα1 genes in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were remarkably increased by infection viral.CONCLUSION:The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells may express high level of cedherin-11 and cbfα1 by gene modification of adenovirus.

Objective:To investigate the emergency surgical strategies for patients with acute abdomen during the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 20 patients with acute abdomen who were admitted to the Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology between January 18, 2020 and February 10, 2020 were collected. There were 13 males and 7 females, aged from 25 to 82 years, with an average age of 57 years. All the patients with emergency surgeries received pulmonary computed tomography (CT) examination before surgery, and completed nucleic acid detection in throat swab if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent regular anesthesia, suspected and confirmed cases were selected a proper anesthesia based on their medical condition and surgical procedure. Patients excluded from COVID-19 underwent emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, suspected and confirmed cases underwent emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection.Observation indicators: (1) surgical situations; (2) postoperative situations. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as average (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers.Results:(1) Surgical situations: of the 20 patients with acute abdomen, 16 patients were excluded from COVID-19, and 4 were not excluded. All the 20 patients underwent emergency abdominal surgeries successfully, of whom 2 received surgeries under epidural anesthesia (including 1 with open appendectomy, 1 with open repair of duodenal bulbar perforation), 18 received surgeries under general anesthesia (including 9 with laparoscopic repair of duodenal bulbar perforation, 3 with open partial enterectomy, 3 with laparoscopic appendectomy, 1 with laparoscopic left hemicolectomy, 1 with laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, 1 with cholecystostomy). The operation time of patients was 32-194 minutes, with an average time of 85 minutes. The volume of intraoperative blood loss was 50-400 mL, with an average volume of 68 mL. (2) Postoperative situations: 16 patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively were treated in the private general ward postoperatively. One of the 16 patients had fever at the postoperative 5th day and was highly suspected of COVID-19 after an emergency follow-up of pulmonary CT showing multiple ground-glass changes in the lungs. The patient was promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment, and results of nucleic acid detection in throat swab showed double positive. Medical history described by the patient showed that the patient and family members were residents of Wuhan who were not isolated at home during the epidemic. There was no way to confirm whether they had a history of exposure to patients with COVID-19. Medical staffs involved in this case did not show COVID-19 related symptoms during 14 days of medical observation. The other 15 patients recovered well postoperatively. The 4 patients who were not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history and results of pulmonary CT examination were directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively. They were excluded from COVID-19 for two consecutive negative results of nucleic acid detection in the throat swab and recovered well. Two of the 20 patients with acute abdomen had postoperative complications. One had surgical incision infection and recovered after secondary closure following opening incision, sterilizing and dressing, the other one had intestinal leakage and was improved after conservative treatment by abdominal drainage. There was no death in the 20 patients with acute abdomen.Conclusions:Patients with acute abdomen need to be screened through emergency forward. Patients excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the regular procedure, and patients not excluded from COVID-19 undergo emergency surgeries following the three-grade protection. The temperature, blood routine test and other laboratory examinations are performed to monitor patients after operation, and the pulmonary CT and throat nucleic acid tests should be conducted if necessary. Patients excluded from COVID-19 preopratively are treated in the private general ward postoperatively, and they should be promptly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment after being confirmed. Patients who are not excluded from COVID-19 preoperatively based on medical history should be directly transferred to the isolation ward for treatment postoperatively.