Object The process of seed germination and haustorium formation in Cistanche deserticola Y C Ma was observed Methods Seeds were inoculated on culture medium, the process of seed germination and haustorium formation were observed using light and electron microscopy Results The seedling sprouted after two weeks, then a tube like organ formed, finally the apex expanded to attachment organ The outer papillar surface of the extended apex bears wall protuberances that are encircled with a thick cuticular belt and covered with a thin cuticle Conclusion The seed germination of C deserticola is single pole of racidle The attachment organ adheres host first

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of intradermal needling for pain and tear film stability in patients after pterygium excision. METHODS: A total of 76 patients (98 affected eyes) with primary pterygium were randomly divided into an observation group (38 cases, 53 affected eyes) and a control group (38 cases, 45 affected eyes).In the control group, only pterygium resection was performed, in the observation group, intradermal needling after pterygium resection was applied at Cuanzhu (BL 2), Yuyao (EX-HN 4), Taiyang (EX-HN 5), Sibai (ST 2), Hegu (LI 4), removed after 24 h and changed three times a week. The pain level of 3 days after surgery, dry eye symptoms, the basic tear secretion test (Schirmer-Ⅰ), and the tear-break time (BUT) changes before surgery, 2 weeks after surgery and 4 weeks after surgery were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. RESULTS: The pain level of 3 days after surgery in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (<0.05). The dry eye symptom scores at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery in the two groups were significantly lower than those before surgery (all <0.05), and the dry eye symptom scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (both <0.05). The Schirmer-Ⅰ test at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery was significantly prolonged than that before surgery(all <0.05), and the Schirmer-Ⅰ test in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group (both <0.05). The BUT at 2 weeks and 4 weeks after surgery in the two groups was significantly longer than that before surgery (all <0.05), and the BUT in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group (both <0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 89.5% (34/38), which was higher than 71.1% (27/38) in the control group (<0.05). CONCLUSION Intradermal needling can effectively reduce the pain level of patients after pterygium resection, improve dry eye symptoms, promote the secretion of tears and improve the tear film stability.
Acupuncture Points ; Dry Eye Syndromes ; Humans ; Pain ; Pterygium ; Tears

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical efficacy of hip arthroplasty with femoral calcar prosthesis and proximal femoral nail fixation(PFNA) in the treatment of elderly patients(≥80 years old) with unstable intertrochanteric fractures(Evans Ⅲ, Ⅳ). METHODS: From June 2016 to March 2018, 60 elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with prosthetic replacement and PFNA were retrospectively analyzed. According to the surgical methods, they were divided into PFNA group and prosthesis group. In PFNA group there were including 21 males and 15 females, with an average age of(84.3± 2.9) years old;in the prosthetic group, there were 10 males and 14 females with an average age of (82.9±2.4) years old. The operation time, hemoglobin difference between preoperative and postoperative 1 day, postoperative ambulation time, hospitalization time and complications were observed and compared between the two groups. Harris hip score was performed 3 and 12 months after operation. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months (19.3±4.8) months. One patient in the prosthesis group died of lung cancer one year later and the follow-up was terminated. The operation time of prosthetic group was longer than that of PFNA group( CONCLUSION The elderly patients with intertrochanteric arthroplasty can reduce the burden of intertrochanteric arthroplasty and improve the quality of life.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Patients ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the effects of L-carnitine on myocardial enzymes in infants with congenital heart disease undergoing open cardiac operation with cardio pulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods From Mar.2011 to Nov.2012,there were 60 infants with ventricular septal defects,whom were divided randomly into the test (n =30) and control (n =30) groups.L-carnitine was put in the cold crystal cardiac arresting liquid in the test group (6 g/L),other experimental conditions were the same between two groups.Before CPB,at 1 h,24 h,7 d after the pump-off,venous blood was drawn to test the level of serum creatine kinase (CK),CK-MB isozyme,cardiac Troponin I (cTnI).Blood samples were taken at different time points for the analysis of tlymphocyte and its subtype by flow cytometry.Observing the dopamine and other vasoactive drug 8 hours and 24 hours after the pump-off,using data obtained from the t-test done statistically.Results The levels of CK and CK-MB and cTnI had no difference between two groups before operation.From the end of CPB,the levels of CK and CK-MB and cTnI were significantly lower in the test group than that in the control group (P ＜0.05).The automatic jump higher rate (95％ vs 70％,P ＜ 0.05) and the amount of dopamine were significantly less than the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions L-carnitine improved obviously microcirculation of ischemic cardiac reperfusion injury undergoing open cardiac operation under CPB and heart function.It had a good protective effect on myocardium in infants.

Objective: To understand the health risk of drinking water in rural areas of Jinhua and to provide evidence for water sanitary management in rural areas. Methods: Totally 2 032 samples of drinking water in rural areas of Jinhua were collected from 2016 to 2018. According to GB/T 5750-2006 Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water,five chemical carcinogens（As,Cd,Cr6+,CHCl3 and CCl4）and twelve non-carcinogenic chemicals（Pb,Hg,Se、CN-、F-、NO3-、Al、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn and NH3-N）were detected. The health risk assessment in rural drinking water was conducted by United States Environmental Protection Agency（USEPA）model. Results: The total health risk,total carcinogenic risk and total non-carcinogenic risk of rural drinking water caused by the seventeen chemicals were 34.8×10-6/a,34.80×10-6/a and 6.65×10-9/a,respectively. The carcinogenic risk of five chemical carcinogens accounted for 99.98% of the total health risk,and the carcinogenic risk of Cr6+ accounted for 89.95% of the total health risk. The total health risk of the fully processed,partially processed and unprocessed water samples were 31.68×10-6/a,34.78×10-6/a and 34.77×10-6/a,respectively. The total health risk of finished water and peripheral water were 34.79×10-6/a and 34.82×10-6/a. Conclusion The health risk of drinking water in rural areas of Jinhuacaused by chemicals is low. The hexavalent chromium has the highest health risk and need more attention to be paid on.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) on the activities of energy metabolism enzymes and contraction capacity of diaphragm from type 2 diabetic rats.

METHODSForty SD male rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10) and model group (n=30). Type 2 diabetes models were induced by feeding with high-sucrose-high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injecting 25 mg/kg streptozotocin. 20 successful models were rearranged to two groups: diabetic group and GbE treatment group, 10 rats in each. Then the saline and 8 mg/(kg x d) of GbE were respectively intraperitoneal injected, once a day continuously for 8 weeks. Then diaphragm contractility was assessed using Peak twitch tension (Pt), Maximum tetanic tension (P0) and fatigue index (FI) in vitro diaphragm strip preparations. Cytochrome oxidase (CCO), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in diaphragm were detected and the varieties of diaphragm ultrastructure were observed.

RESULTSCompared with control group, Pt, P0 and FI in diabetic group decreased significantly (P < 0.01); the activity of CCO, LDH and SDH in the tissues was more obviously reduced than those in control group (P < 0.01). The ultrastructure in diabetic group under electron microscope indicated that diaphragm mitochondrions swelled and degenerated. The above changes were inhibited by GbE.

CONCLUSIONGbE can enhance contraction capacity of diaphragm from type 2 diabetic rats by increasing the aerobic oxidation capacity, glycolytic capacity and the function of respiratory chain.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; physiopathology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; physiopathology ; Diaphragm ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo report the treatment of perineal hypospadias with one-stage urethroplasty with circumferential vascular pedicle preputial island flap.

METHODSA circumferential incision was made proximal to the corona and the urethral plate to correct chordee. A U-shaped skin incision was then made surrounding the meatus, and extended to the dorsal prepuce and parallel to the first incision. The tissue between the prepuce and dartos was dissected on the dorsum of penis to fix the prepuce as a neo urethra. After mobilizing the loop shaped skin flap through the button-hole of the pedicle, the internal and external sides of the loop were sutured to construct a new urethra. The catheter was removed 10-14 days (mean, 12.8 days) after operation.

RESULTSSince 1997, 22 patients with perineal hypospadias were treated. Primary healing was achieved in 18 cases (81.8%). Fistula happened in 4 patients. Among them, one case with meatal stenosis was treated with dilatation. Another 3 patients were reoperated. The neo urethral flap was 3.50-18.00 cm (mean, 9.43 cm) in length. All patients were followed up for more than 6 months. Good cosmetic appearance was achieved in 72.7% (16/22) of the patients.

CONCLUSIONSThe circumferential vascular pedicle preputial island flap has advantages of good blood supply and autograft for new meatus, which allows the chordee correction and urethroplasty at one stage. It is a good method for the treatment of perineal hypospadias with severe chordee and penoscrotal transposition.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foreskin ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypospadias ; surgery ; Male ; Surgical Flaps ; Treatment Outcome ; Urethra ; surgery ; Young Adult

AIMTo study the protective effect of Gingko biloba extract (EGb) against myocardial impairment in diabetic rats.

METHODSMorphology of effect of EGb on myocardium in diabetic rats was observed under light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Activity of super oxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS), inductive nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) were detected biochemically in myocardial homogenate.

RESULTSIt was manifestation as vascular degeneration and local lysis of myocardial fiber under LM and swelling of mitochondria, shorten of mitochondrial crest, lysis of myofibril under TEM, the activity of SOD decreased and the activity of NOS, iNOS, the content of NO, MDA increased, but the morphological changes became slight in EGb treatment group. Activity of SOD increased while activity of NOS, iNOS and content of MDA, NO decreased in EGb treatment group compared with diabetic group.

CONCLUSIONEGb can protect diabetic myocardium and anti-lipid peroxidation and decrease of NO level may be involved in it.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ginkgo biloba ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Male ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of genetic variants among children with refractory epilepsy (RE). METHODS: One hundred and seventeen children with RE who had presented at the Affiliated Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 1, 2018 to November 21, 2019 were selected as the study subjects. The children were divided into four groups according to their ages of onset: < 1 year old, 1 ~ 3 years old, 3 ~ 12 years old, and >= 12 years old. Clinical data and results of trio-whole exome sequencing were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: In total 67 males and 50 females were included. The age of onset had ranged from 4 days to 14 years old. Among the 117 patients, 33 (28.21%) had carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The detection rates for the < 1 year old, 1 ~ 3 years old and >= 3 years old groups were 53.85% (21/39), 12.00% (3/25) and 16.98% (9/53), respectively, with a significant difference among the groups (χ² = 19.202, P < 0.001). The detection rates for patients with and without comorbidities were 33.33% (12/36) and 25.93% (21/81), respectively (χ² = 0.359, P = 0.549). Among the 33 patients carrying genetic variants, 27 were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or insertion/deletions (InDels), and 6 were copy number variations (CNVs). The most common mutant genes were PRRT2 (15.15%, 5/33) and SCN1A (12.12%, 4/33). Among children carrying genetic variants, 72.73% (8/11) had attained clinical remission after adjusting the medication according to the references. CONCLUSION 28.21% of RE patients have harbored pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants or CNVs. The detection rate is higher in those with younger age of onset. PRRT2 and SCN1A genes are more commonly involved. Adjusting medication based on the types of affected genes may facilitate improvement of the remission rate.
Infant ; Female ; Male ; Humans ; Child ; Infant, Newborn ; Child, Preschool ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; Drug Resistant Epilepsy/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of extract of Gingko biloba (EGb) on soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN).

METHODSSixty-three patients with DN in early stage were randomly assigned to the control group (29 cases) and the treatment group (34 cases). Both groups were treated by routine treatment, and with EGb given to the treatment group additionally. The treatment course was 2 months. Serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were determined with ELISA before and after treatment, and urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum creatinine (SCr) and blood lipids, etc. were examined as well.

RESULTSThe levels of serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were significantly lower in both groups after treatment than those before treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and the decrement in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P < 0.01). And the levels of UAER, SCr and blood lipids decreased in the treatment group after treatment (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONEGb could retard the development of early DN through decreasing the levels of serum sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1.

Aged ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; blood ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Treatment Outcome ; Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ; blood