As a functional imaging method, positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used in tumor diagnosis, pathological classification, stage assessment, and clinical outcome evaluation. Combination of metabolic information acquired from ~(18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (~(18)F-FDG) PET with pathological grading results is helpful for further defining the grade of sarcomas and predicting prognosis. ~(18)F-FDG PET appears to be superior to other imaging modalities in detecting bone metastases or pulmonary metastases of sarcoma patients, so it could be used in clinical staging and restaging of sarcoma. Tumor-to-background ratio (TBR) and standardized uptake value (SUV) are two important parameters for quantitative analysis and are helpful for assessing chemotherapy response of tumor. PET imaging offers important information to help maximize the clinical benefit of patients with sarcoma. This article reviews the clinical value of ~(18)F-FDG PET and ~(18)F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosis of sarcoma.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the further improvement of national essential medicines system. METHODS:Taking theBull's-eyecity Chengdu as an example,based on the trading areas,the existing problems in implementing essential medicine system were analyzed by qualitative and quantitative research methods,and countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS:From the point of view of quantitative data,the first level trading areas of both proportions of medical personnel per thousand ur-ban population and numbers of primary medical and health institutions per 100 thousands population in Chengdu were the lowest. From 2010 to 2012,the outpatient and inpatients increased 1.09 million people and 0.16 million beds per day in Chengdu primary health care institutions,the largest increase in the first level trading areas,and increase and decrease in the second and third level trading areas;outpatient and inpatient drug costs fell respectively 4 yuan and 109 yuan,medicine proportion declined 6.7%,in-crease in the first level trading areas,and decreased to varying degrees in the second and third level trading areas. From the point of view of qualitative interviews,the service ability got enhancement,but still could not meet the services demand,especially the pressure in the first level trading areas near center district remains heavy;drug cost was under controlled,but the subsidies needs to be increased,the per capita drug costs in the first level trading areas remains high;the drug income and medicine proportion were inhibited,especially the significant fell in the second and third level area,but the decrease of income may restrict develop-ment. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested that more targeted drugs are needed for meeting the services demand,more sophisticated policy are needed for improving the subsidies,and more comprehensive medical conditions are needed for ensuring institutions'de-velopment.

Objective: Finding the essence and regular pattern of the construction of male urine collection devices, and setting up its basic concepts. Methods:Selecting typical construction examples, then analyzing them singly and as a whole. Results:Setting up concepts such as construction module, construction factor, construction factor unit, construction index, construction array etc., and giving out the table of construction factor units. Conclusion:This research has provided mode, methods, means for understanding and further analyzing, studying male urine collection devices.

【Objective】 To explore the viability of improved comparability verification method for the performance verification of automatic biochemical analyzer in blood centers. 【Methods】 According to the relevant requirements of User Verification of Performance for Precision and Trueness; Approved Guideline-Second Edition (EP15-A2) and Guideline for Comparability Verification of Quantitative Results with One Health Care System(WS/T 407-2012), the performance of the newly purchased Beckman Coulter AU480 automatic biochemical analyzer was confirmed by means of comparability verification, and compared with the current Olympus AU400 automatic biochemical analyzer. 【Results】 The detection results given by Beckman AU480 biochemical analyzer on 5 samples for ALT detection performance test were significantly correlated with the target value (R²=0.998), and the trueness verification results met the requirements.The CV of medium and high ALT levels was 2.36% and 1.20%, respectively, within the acceptable standard range(<5%), and the precision verification results meet the requirement.The comparison deviation of two devices for medium and high ALT levels was 0.47% and 1.62%, respectively, within the acceptable standard range (<5%). The detection results of ALT from 40 blood donors given by two devices were significantly correlated (R²=0.956), and the precision verification results met the requirements.In the validation of linear evaluation, there was a good linear relationship between the expected and measured results (r=0.997)among samples with 6 levels of concentrations. 【Conclusion】 The comparability verification method is suitable for the performance verification of automatic biochemical analyzer in blood centers.

Vaspin,a serine protease inhibitor derived from visceral adipose tissue,has been identified as an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects in a rat model of type 2 diabetes.Recent studies showed that the administration of recombinant human vaspin significantly improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance,and reversed the expression of genes that may promote insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice.However,the regulation of serum vaspin concentration in individuals with insulin resistance,and the association of vaspin with obesity,type 2 diabetes,and insulin resistance related disorders remain unclear.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Manager's Activities Scale (MAS). MethodsMAS was administered to 350 nurses and evaluated for the reliability and validity using SPSS17.0 and AMOS 17.0. ResultsThe Cronbach's α of MAS was 0.92 and the testretest reliability was 0.902 and the content validity was 0.96.The correlations between each item and total scale were ranged from 0.720 to 0.823.One factor was extracted by exploratory factor analysis and could explain 56.98％ of the total variance.The confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good fit of the model to the data based on various fit indices (x2/df ratio =1.301,GFI=0.963,AGFI＝0.927,NFI=0.966,IFI＝0.992,TLI=0.987,CFI=0.992,RMSEA=0.039). ConclusionsChinese version of MAS is reliable and valid,and can be used in the research of Chinese nursing leadership.

Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure and hemorrhagic cerebral infarction. Methods Retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 242 patients with acute cerebral infarction, then all patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction were selected. The distributions of different level of blood pressure (＞180/110mm Hg;90/70～180/110mm Hg;＜90/70mm Hg) were compared between the patients with or without hemorrhagic cerebral infarction, as the same, different prognosis were compared among the patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction based on the different level of blood pressure. Results Of the total patients with acute cerebral infarction,4. 1%(10) presented with blood pressure＜90/70mm Hg,88. 0%(213) with blood pressure 90/70～180/110mm Hg and 7.9%(19) with blood pressure＞180/110mm Hg. In all the patients,20 cases(8. 3%) with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction,among which,60.0%(12) patients with blood pressure＞180/110mm Hg and with 7 cases died, 10.0%(2) patients with blood pressure＜90/70mm Hg and with 1 case died,30.0%(6) patients with blood pressure 90/70～180/110mm Hg and with 2 cases died. The distribution of patients with blood pressure＞180/110mm Hg in those two type of cerebral infraction were statistically significant (P=0. 000) ,the ratio seemed higher in patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction, and among the patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction, the distribution of prognosis were the same statistically significant based on the diffetent level of blood pressure, among which, patients with blood pressure＞180/110mm Hg(P =0.041) or＜90/70mm Hg(P =0.037) seemed like to have a higher mortality. Conclusion Severe high blood pressure(＞180/110mm Hg) should be one of the high risk factors for patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction,when blood pressure＞180/110 mm Hg or ＜90/70mm Hg happened in the pathogenesis, patients always be with poor outcome. So, making proper control strategy of blood pressure for patients with hemorrhagic cerebral infarction was with significance to defend its' happening and prognosis' improvement.

Objective To investigate clinicopathological features of abdominal wall endometriosis(AWE).Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 151 consecutive AWE patients undergoing treatment in Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Fudan University from January 2003 to December 2010.The period of following up was at range of 16 to 97 months.Results(1)The incidence of AWE was 1.96％(166/8469).All 151 AWE cases followed up had previous cesarean sections.The period between the previous cesarean section(CS)and the onset of symptoms of AWE was 24 months(3-192 months).However,the latency was not associated with the age at CS,incision site,gestational week at CS,duration of lactation,postpartum menstruation recovery,the choice of contraceptives and size of AWE(P ＞ 0.05).The duration of disease,defined to be the time interval between the onset of symptoms and surgery,was 26 months(2-168 months),which was negatively correlated with the latent period(r =-0.267,P ＜ 0.05)and was positively with size of AWE(patients with large-scar endometrioma with diameter of lesions ≥ 3 cm had longer disease duration than those with small-scar endometriomas ＜ 3 cm,r =0.326,P ＜ 0.05).(2)The rate of pre-operational ultrasonography detection was 97.4％(147/151).The lesion size detected by pre-operative ultrasonography was significantly smaller than that measured intraoperatively by palpation (20 mm versus 35 mm,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,only 26.5％(40/151)of AWE patients were found to have deep infiltration by pre-operative ultrasonography.(3)All patients were managed by surgical treatment to completely excise lesions on the abdominal wall.Of all 34 patients(22.5％,34/151)took medicine preoperatively while 57 patients(37.7％,57/151)taking medicine post-operatively.The rate of recurrence was 3.1％(3/96)of cases with lesions ≥3 cm,which was significantly lower than 17.8％(8/45)in cases with lesion ＜ 3 cm(P ＜ 0.05).(4)After surgery,the symptoms were found to be relieved in 93.4％(141/ 151)of patients.The recurrence rate was 7.8％(11/141)while the average recurrent time was(20 ± 16)months.Conclusion Surgery is the main management on AWE.The risk factors associated with recurrence were size of lesion and postoperative medication.

Objective To examine the difficulty and discrimination of academic skill diagnostic test(ASDT).Methods About 1000 primary school students were administered the ASDT,and data were analysed by SPSS11.0 program.Results The difficulty of sub-tests ranged from 0.49～0.78(low edition),0.52～0.86(high edition);while the discrimination of sub-tests ranged from 0.31～0.55(low edition),0.21～0.56(high edition).The coefficients for test-retest and the whole test ranged from 0.36～0.61(low edition),0.39～0.60(high edition).Conclusion ASDT developed in the present study attains acceptable psychometric properties.

Public hospital's public property is mainly reflected in providing people with equitable access, quality and efficiency of basic medical services. However, due to lack of understanding in importance of the medical services positive and negative externalities, lead to the dilution of commonweal of public hospital. Meanwhile, externalities caused by transaction costs and unclear property rights in medical services activities further exacerbate welfare fade. The government should take effective measures to protect and encourage positive externalities, prevent and control the negative externali-ties, and, by way of reducing transaction costs, clear property rights to resolve external effects, as far as possible to pro-tect the public interest in public hospitals.