Objective To understand the strategy of schistosomiasis elimination and its effects in Jinhu County, Jiangsu Province. Methods The data of schistosomiasis control in Jinhu County at different stages from 1970 to 2017 were collected and analyzed. Results From 1970 to 2017, there were three stages of schistosomiasis control, including transmission control, transmission interruption, and monitoring and elimination stages in Jinhu County. The main measures included Oncomelania hupensis snail control, infectious source control, and health education. A total of area of 290 691.78 hm² was detected in Jinhu County, and the area with snails was 3 420.98 hm². There were 8 729.37 hm² area with snails was controlled. Since 2014, no O. hupensis snails were found. A total of 525 377 person-times were examined for schistosomiasis, with 2 815 schistosomiasis patients identified, and 2 844 person-times were treated by chemotherapy. In addition, 977 cases received the expand chemotherapy. Since 1990, no local schistosome-infected persons were found. In 2017, the awareness rate of schistosomiasis control knowledge and the correct rate of health behavior were increased by 54.59% and 14.23% respectively compared with those in 1992. Conclusions The comprehensive schistosomiasis control measures implemented in Jinhu County at different periods have achieved remarkable outputs and accelerated the schistosomiasis elimination process. However, the precise control measures should be implemented in the future to consolidate the prevention and control achievements.

Objective To assess the feasibility for the automated treatment planning verification system Mobius3D (M3D) to perform an independent 3D dose calculation in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for cervical cancer.Methods Twenty patients with cervical cancer were randomly selected.With treatment planning systems (Pinnacle,Version 9.2;Eclipse,Version 13.5),all IMRT plans were divided into 7 fields to meet the dosimetric goals.The optimized plans were exported to the M3D server.The percentage differences in the volume of region of interest (ROI) and the dose calculation of target volume and organ at risk (OAR) were evaluated for the two treatment planning systems,and theγ passing rate was used to assess the accuracy of M3D calculation.Results The difference in the volume of ROI for Pinnacle 9.2 to M3D was less than that for Eclipse 13.5 to M3D,with maximum differences of 0.22％±0.69％ and 3.5％±1.89％ for Pinnacle 9.2 and Eclipse 13.5,respectively.The differences in the dose calculation of target volume and OAR for the two treatment planning systems to M3D were within ± 1％.After recalculating by M3D,the dose difference between Pinnacle 9.2 and M3D was smaller than that between Eclipse 13.5 and M3D,but the mean differences were all within ±3％.The γ passing rates for target volume and OAR were more than 95％ on average.Conclusions The method of utilizing the automated treatment planning verification system to validate the accuracy of plans is convenient.It can be used as a secondary check tool to improve accuracy in IMRT dose calculation.

Objective To study the expression feature and clinical significance of plasma Protein C(PC) in pre‐PICC placement and post‐PICC placement in patients with cancer .Methods The levels in plasma of PC was tested by ELISA in patients with cancer in one day before PICC placement ,in one day ,30 day ,and 90 day after PICC placement ,the change of feature and clinical signifi‐cance was analyzed .Results The levels of PC in one day after PICC placement were 3 .74 ± 1 .99 μg/L ,the levels was lower than the levels of in one day before ,and in 30 ,90 day after PICC placement ,which were 5 .00 ± 2 .40 ,4 .78 ± 2 .41 and 5 .35 ± 2 .71 μg/L (q=3 .74 ,2 .85 and 4 .58 respectively ,P<0 .05);There were no statistical significance both in D‐D levels and PLT count among pre‐PICC and post‐PICC placement(P>0 .05);There were no correlation both PC levels and D‐D levels ,and both PC levels and PLT count(r= -0 .024 1 and 0 .111 0 ,all P>0 .05) .Conclusion The PC levels in one day after PICC placement were lower ,but there were no correlation both PC and D‐D ,and PLT .PICC catheter were safety .

AIM: To observe the liver protective effect of Sanqishentai Capsules (Radix Notoginseng, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae and Fructus Ziziph:Jujubae, etc.) in order to develop a series of compound Notoginseng. METHODS: By injecting CCl 4 in mouse's abdomen to cause the liver injury as model. The effect of the index of ALT, AST was mensurated that use the small, middle, big dosage of Sanqibaogan Capsules, at the same time the liver was examined in pathologic histology. RESULTS: The different dosages of Sanqishentai Capsules could obviously reduce the serum ALT, AST and the pathologic injury of the liver cells caused by CCl 4. CONCLUSION: Sanqibaogan Capsules have the obvious protection to the ocute and chemical liver injury of the mice.

Objective To study the expression and significance of Neogenin,Hepcidin and serum ferritin(SF)in patients with cancer-related anemia.Methods To test the serum levels of Neogenin,Hepcidin and SF in 107 cases,including 55 cases with cancer-related anemia and 52 cases of non-anemia with tumor by ABC-ELISA.Results ①The serum levels of Neogenin in patients with cancer-related anemia were 0.77 ± 0.45 ng/ml,which were lower than 0.98 ± 0.60 ng/ml in non-anemia group (t=2.003 8,P <0.05).The serum levels of Hepcidin in patients with cancer-related anemia were 6.03±4.25 μg/ml, which was higher than 4.51±2.23 μg/ml in non-anemia group (t=2.319 5,P <0.05).②There were no difference in pa-tients between anemia and non-anemia (t=1.898 0,P >0.05).③In patients with cancer,there were positive correlation be-tween Neogenin and Hb (r=0.212 4,t=2.226 4,P <0.05),there were negtive correlation between Hepcidin and Hb (r=-0.310 1,t=3.345 2,P <0.01),but there were no correlation between SF and Hb (P >0.05).④There were positive cor-relation between Hepsidin and SF (r=0.486 6,P <0.01).Conclusion There were lower expression of Neogenin,higher ex-pression of Hepcidin in patients with cancer-related anemia is a complex process.The abnormal expression of Neogenin and Hepcidin which were lead to the loss of use of iron are the key factors attribute to anemia in patients with cancer.

Objective To compare the effects of Huiru Yizeng granules Huiru yizeng original decoctin on hyperplasia of mammary glands with hyperprolactinemia in serum and pathological morphology of mammary glands tissue.Methods Seventy rats were randomly divided into 7 groups:normal control group,model control group,Huiru yizeng granules group,Huiru yizeng original decoctin group,Rubisanjie group,bromocriptine group and accessories group.After sucessfully modeling hyperplasia of mammary glandsin rats with hyperprolactinemia,Huiru yizeng granules group was administrated 17.22 g·kg-1·d-1,Huiru yizeng original decoctin group was administrated 20.08 g·kg-1·d-1,Rubi sanjie group was administrated 0.416 mg·kg-1·d-1,bromocriptine group was administrated 0.393 mg·kg-1·d-1.These groups were intragastric administration 2 mL every day for 30 consecutive days.The morphology of pathological tissue in mammary gland was observed by microscope.The levels of prolactin(PRL),progesterone(P),estradiol(E2) were determined by ELISA kit.Results Compared with the model group,Huiru yizeng granules group[PRL=(22.74±4.74) pg·mL-1,P=(46.91±2.85) ng·mL-1,E2=(99.96±9.61) pg·mL-1],Huiru yizeng original decoction group[PRL=(28.41±6.37) pg·mL-1,P=(43.91±4.17) ng·mL-1,E2=(105.02±3.05) pg·mL-1] and bromocriptine group[PRL=(23.58±4.10) pg·mL-1,P=(45.99±2.95) ng·mL-1,E2=(98.04±9.98) pg·mL-1]showed significant decrease in PRL,E2 levels,obvious increase in P(P<0.01).In Huiru yizeng granules group,Huiru yizeng original decoction group and bromocriptine group,PRL,P,and E2 returned to normal level after 30 days,and hyperplasia of mammary glands tissue had great ease.Huiru yizeng original decoction group was Ⅰ to Ⅱ hyperplasia,and Huiru yizeng granules group was 0 or Ⅰ hyperplasia.Compared with each other,the effect of Huiru yizeng granules on the mammary gland proliferation inhibition was superior to Huiru yizeng original decoction group.Conclusion On the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands and hyperprolactinemia,Huiru yizeng granules were better than Huiru yizeng original decoction.

Objective To observe the effects of malt extract on prolactin expression and morphology of mammary tissue in hyperprolactinemia rats. Methods Metoclopramide hydrochloride was injected subcutaneously to establish hyperprolactinemia model. Sixty rats were divided into normal control group, model control group, bromocriptine group, high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose malt extract groups. Except normal control group, hyperprolactinemia model was established in the other groups. Bromocriptine (0. 389 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) was given to bromocriptine group. Malt extract (7. 98, 15. 96 and 31. 92 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) was administered in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose malt extract groups. Equal volume of purified water was given to normal control group and model control group. After 30 days of administration, PRL positive cell number of rat hypophysis was counted. RT-PCR was used to measure hypophysis PRL mRNA expression, and morphology of mammary tissues was observed by immunohistochemical method. Results PRL positive cell number was (2. 4±0. 3), (21. 7±0. 8), (3. 8± 0. 5), (4. 5±0. 4), (6. 7±0. 5) and (15. 8±1. 2) in normal control group, model control group, bromocriptine group, high-dose, middle-dose and low-dose malt extract groups. PRL mRNA expression level was (0. 31±0. 02), (1. 58±0. 06), (0. 45± 0. 04), (0. 49±0. 03), (0. 61±0. 04), and (0. 95±0. 09), respectively. As compared with normal control group, hypophysis PRL positive cell number and PRL mRNA expression level of high-dose and middle-dose malt extract group were increased significantly (P<0. 01), and hyperplasia of mammary glands appeared. As compared with model control group, hypophysis PRL positive cell number and PRL mRNA expression level of high-dose and middle-dose malt extract group was decreased significantly (P<0. 01), and hyperplasia of mammary glands was alleviated obviously. Conclusion Malt extract can effectively treat hyperprolactinemia and inhibit hyperplasia of mammary glands through significantly decreasing the expression of hypophysis prolactin in hyperprolactinemia rats.

Objective To optimize the technological conditions of polysaccharide purification from compound Qianyu water decoction. Methods Water extraction and alcohol precipitation, resolution, Sevag method and dialysis method were used to purify polysaccharide.The purity of polysaccharide was measured with the phenol-sulfuric acid spectrophotometry.On the basis of single factor test, effects of redissolved solid-liquid ratio, number of protein removal, and dialytic time on polysaccharide purity of Qianyu were investigated by orthogonal test. Results The best conditions for purification of polysaccharide in Qianyu were as follows: liquid-solid ratio was 1:40(g/mL, W/V), remove protein for 10 times, and dialysis for 18 h.The content of polysaccharide could reach 69.04%, and the transfer rate was 51.84%. Conclusion The optimized purification process was simple and accurate.It can be used for polysaccharide purification in compound Qianyu water decoction.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the relationship between infection of Chlamydia Trachomatis(Ct) and apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.

METHODSApoptotic spermatogenic cells were examined by Wright-Giemsa staining and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate(dUTP)-biotin nick-end labeling(TUNEL) technique.

RESULTSApoptosis rate of Ct infective group was significantly higher than that of normal group(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCt infection may cause the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, which affords an objective evidence for illustrating the mechanism of Ct-infection-induced male infertility.

Adult ; Apoptosis ; Chlamydia Infections ; complications ; pathology ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Infertility, Male ; etiology ; Male ; Spermatocytes ; pathology ; Staining and Labeling

ABSTRACT:Objective To establish a rapid molecular method for the detection of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2)and investigate the gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 and determine whether the polymorphic ALDH2 gene is associated with drinking behavior in a Chinese population.Methods The gene polymorphisms of ALDH2?2 were detected using pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray technologies;genotyping of 302 volunteers was performed to assess their genetic associations with alcohol use behavior.Results We developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods to identify ALDH2? 2 polymorphisms.The allele frequency of ALDH2?2 was 20.36% in the Chinese population:16.33% in the alcoholic group and 27.83% in non-drinkers (P=0.001).In contrast,the genotype frequency of heterozygous ALDH2?1/?2 plus homozygous ALDH2?2/?2 was 45.28% in non-drinkers and 32.65% in the alcoholics group (P=0.030). Allele frequency of ALDH2 genotypes differed significantly between our Chinese sample and other ethnic groups in Asia,and it was significantly higher than that in European and American countries.Conclusion The developed pyrosequencing,TaqMan Real-time PCR and GeneChip microarray methods are rapid,accurate,high-throughput, convenient,and reliable for detecting ALDH2 polymorphisms.ALDH2?2 gene can protect against the development of alcoholism.The allele frequency of ALDH2 in this Chinese population differs from that in other ethnic groups.