Encephalitis that primarily involves limbic system structures such as the hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus has been described in early papers, most commonly characterized by a subacute progressive impairment of short-term memory, psychiatric features and seizures. While these findings might be caused by viral infections or systemic autoimmune disorders, many patients with limbic encephalitis have an immune-mediated etiology (paraneoplastic or not) characterized with serum or CSF antineuronal antibodies. This case reports about non-paraneoplastic autoantibody-negative limbic encephalitis in which there are no detection of antigens and no evidence of tumors.
Antibodies ; Encephalitis ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Limbic Encephalitis* ; Limbic System ; Memory* ; Memory, Short-Term ; Parahippocampal Gyrus ; Seizures

Purpose: To report a case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a patient with a history of testicular cancer.Case summary: A 29-year-old man presented with photopsia and floaters. Initial fundus examination revealed no abnormal findings. However, he returned 1 month later with complaints of visual field defects. Fundus examination revealed diffuse white spots in the macula and midperipheral retina and fundus autofluorescence demonstrated hyper-autofluorescence. Optical coherence tomography showed disruption of the ellipsoid zone sparing the fovea. Visual field examination revealed peripheral visual field defects and an electroretinogram showed reduced rod and cone cell responses. Considering his history of testicular cancer, serum paraneoplastic autoantibody panel testing was performed which revealed borderline levels of anti-recoverin antibody leading to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy. The patient was treated with oral steroids and mycophenolate mofetil for 1 year. However, there was no improvement in the subjective symptoms or ophthalmologic findings. Conclusions This case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a young man with a history of testicular cancer highlights an early clinical presentation of the disease. It is crucial to recognize that the initial clinical presentation of autoimmune retinopathy can be nonspecific.

Purpose: To report a case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a patient with a history of testicular cancer.Case summary: A 29-year-old man presented with photopsia and floaters. Initial fundus examination revealed no abnormal findings. However, he returned 1 month later with complaints of visual field defects. Fundus examination revealed diffuse white spots in the macula and midperipheral retina and fundus autofluorescence demonstrated hyper-autofluorescence. Optical coherence tomography showed disruption of the ellipsoid zone sparing the fovea. Visual field examination revealed peripheral visual field defects and an electroretinogram showed reduced rod and cone cell responses. Considering his history of testicular cancer, serum paraneoplastic autoantibody panel testing was performed which revealed borderline levels of anti-recoverin antibody leading to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy. The patient was treated with oral steroids and mycophenolate mofetil for 1 year. However, there was no improvement in the subjective symptoms or ophthalmologic findings. Conclusions This case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a young man with a history of testicular cancer highlights an early clinical presentation of the disease. It is crucial to recognize that the initial clinical presentation of autoimmune retinopathy can be nonspecific.

Purpose: To report a case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a patient with a history of testicular cancer.Case summary: A 29-year-old man presented with photopsia and floaters. Initial fundus examination revealed no abnormal findings. However, he returned 1 month later with complaints of visual field defects. Fundus examination revealed diffuse white spots in the macula and midperipheral retina and fundus autofluorescence demonstrated hyper-autofluorescence. Optical coherence tomography showed disruption of the ellipsoid zone sparing the fovea. Visual field examination revealed peripheral visual field defects and an electroretinogram showed reduced rod and cone cell responses. Considering his history of testicular cancer, serum paraneoplastic autoantibody panel testing was performed which revealed borderline levels of anti-recoverin antibody leading to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy. The patient was treated with oral steroids and mycophenolate mofetil for 1 year. However, there was no improvement in the subjective symptoms or ophthalmologic findings. Conclusions This case of paraneoplastic autoimmune retinopathy in a young man with a history of testicular cancer highlights an early clinical presentation of the disease. It is crucial to recognize that the initial clinical presentation of autoimmune retinopathy can be nonspecific.

The purpose of this study was the long-term clinical and radiological evaluation of conservatively treated condylar fractures in children. This study was therefore undertaken to analyze the long-term effects of treating condylar fractures in children with conservative therapy in order to resolve the controversial question of whether complete remodeling occurs in this age or, if not, whether it is more likely to be associated with certain types of fracture or with other factors. This study was based on a series of 11 consecutive children and adolescents, aged between 3 and 15 years, with fractures of the condylar process who had been treated with conservative therapy at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Inha University Hospital, Inchon, Korea. All patients underwent a clinical investigation with special emphasis on Temporomandibular joint function and facial asymmetry. The patients also underwent a radiologic investigation, focusing on fracture remodeling and symmetry of mandible. It consists of panoramic radiograph, PA and lateral cephalogram and 3-D CT. No patient described impaired temporomandibular joint(TMJ) function or pain on the affected side. 2 of 8 (25%) unilateral and 1 bilateral fractures show slight facial asymmetry. Despite apparently excellent recovery of function, there were marked remodeling changes evident on the CT scan. Such changes are not usually evident on panoramic radiograph. Radiologic investigation showed incomplete remodelling(54.5%) and asymmetry of the mandible (27.3%) in some patients. Conservative treatment of condyle fracture in children results in satisfactory long-term outcome of jaw function despite a relative high frequency of radiologically noted aberrations.
Adolescent ; Child* ; Facial Asymmetry ; Humans ; Incheon ; Jaw ; Korea ; Mandible ; Recovery of Function ; Surgery, Oral ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Dementia pugilistica (DP) or chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease or dementia that may affect amateur or professional boxers as well as athletes in other sports who suffer concussions. The condition is thought to affect around 15% to 20% of professional boxers and caused by repeated concussive or subconcussive blows. CTE was in the past referred to as dementia pugilistica, which reflected the prevailing notion that this condition was restricted to boxers. Recent research, however, has demonstrated neuropathological evidence of CTE in retired American football players, a professional wrestler, a professional hockey player and a soccer player, as well as in nonathletes. It is probable that many individuals are susceptible to CTE, including those who experience falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, epileptic seizures, or military combat, and that repeated mild closed head trauma of diverse origin is capable of instigating the neurodegenerative cascade leading to CTE. We report a 62-year old man suspicious of dementia pugilistica with clinical features of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism.
Athletes ; Brain Injury, Chronic ; Dementia ; Epilepsy ; Football ; Frontotemporal Dementia ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Hockey ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Motor Vehicles ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Soccer ; Sports

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Drainage ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mandibular Fractures ; Prognosis ; Titanium

Congenital Abnormalities ; Depression ; Facial Nerve ; Hardness ; Hematoma ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Paralysis ; Polyethylene ; Porosity ; Skull ; Surgery, Plastic ; Trismus

No abstract available.
Bacteremia* ; Korea* ; Pasteurella multocida* ; Pasteurella*

Purpose: To compare the safety and consistency of manual capsulorhexis and precision pulse capsulotomy performed using pulsed energy during bilateral cataract surgery and to explore the differences in clinical outcomes. Methods: A total of 101 patients with bilateral cataracts were selected. Precision pulse capsulotomy was performed on one eye and manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis on the other. The independent-samples t-test was used to compare the duration of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis, incisional size and roundness, complications such as radial tears, the cumulative dissipated energy, the visual acuity after surgery, and the corneal epithelial cell count. Results: There was no significant difference in the capsulorhexis time between the pulse energy and manual groups. The extent of capsulorhexis was significantly smaller and the circularity of capsulorhexis was higher in the former group. Complications occurred in two manual capsulorhexis patients but in no pulse energy capsulotomy patient. There was no significant between- group difference in any of postoperative visual acuity, best-corrected visual acuity, or the corneal endothelial cell count. Conclusions During bilateral cataract surgery on the same patients, precision capsulotomy using pulse energy afforded smaller and more circular capsulorhexis and fewer complications than did manual capsulorhexis. However, there was no significant between- group difference in the postoperative clinical outcomes.